Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline. The pathological eatures of Alzheimer's disease are abnormal deposition of amyloid beta-peptides (Aβ), neurofibrillary tangles, cholinergic deficits, and loss of synaptic processes and dendritic spines. Senescence accelerated mouse prone 8 exhibits age-related deficits of learning and memory from an early age, tau protein phosphorylation, neurotransmitter changes, synaptic structure and function disorders, circadian rhythm disorders,as well as gene expression and many other characteristic changes, which are consistent with Alzheimer's disease pathological changes，and can be used as an ideal animal model for Alzheimer's disease prevention drugs development.

Adult ; Ameloblastoma ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Dental Implants, Single-Tooth ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Whole Body Imaging

Objective To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) quantitation study with exchange model in evaluation of liver cirrhosis.Methods A total of 30 patients with liver cirrhosis confirmed to included and excluded criteria were divided into compensatory cirrhosis group (n=15) and decompensatory cirrhosis group (n=15).And 15 healthy volunteers were scrvcd as a control group.All subjects were performed liver DCE-MRI and quantitative pa rameters of three groups were obtained by exchange model,including volume transfer constant of the contrast agent (Ktrans),reverse reflux rate constant (Kep),volume fraction of EES (Ve),volume fraction of plasma (Vp),arterial perfusion index (HPI),blood volume (BV),blood flow(BF) and mean transit time (MTT).The parameters of three groups were compared by ANOVA analysis and LSD test for every two groups.The diagnostic efficacy of Ktrans,Ve,HPI,MTT for liver cirrhosis were analyzed by ROC.Results Ktrans,Ve,HPI,MTT and BF values in the control group,compensatory cirrhosis group and decompensatory cirrhosis group were (0.85 ± 0.34) min-1,(0.67 ± 0.36) min-1,(0.39±0.18)min-1;0.47±0.42,0.34±0.13,0.16±0.06;0.35±0.09,0.57±0.17,0.76±0.20;(17.38±15.38)s,(34.26111.37)s,(57.33±16.73)s;(97.22±36.29)ml/(min· 100 g),(69.30±35.22)ml/(min· 100 g),(24.64± 28.24) ml/(min · 100 g),respectively,and showing significant differences among three groups,and significant with HPI and MTT for every two groups (P＜0.05).There were no significant differences for Kep,Vp and BV among three groups (P＞0.05).According to ROC of Ktrans and Ve for decompensatory liver cirrhosis,AUC were 0.86,0.92,the sensitivity were 90％,90％ and the specificity were 80％,80％.According to ROC of HPI and MTT for compensatory liver cirrho sis,AUC were 0.79,0.76,the sensitivity were 85％,85％ and the specificity were 75％,75％.According to ROC of HPI and MTT for decompensatory liver cirrhosis,AUC were 0.91,0.88,the sensitivity were 95％,90％ and the specificity were 80％,80％.Conclusion DCE-MRI quantitative study with exchange model can obtain multiple parameters,refleet hemodynamic changes and vascular microenvironment and evaluate severity of liver cirrhosis.

Aim To compare the advantage of different methods of terminating early pregnancy. Methods 684 women in early pregnancy(≤49 d) were allocated into three groups according to their request: Group A (medical abortion,n=241), taking (po) mifepristone 25 mg every 12 h for three days and then taking misopostol 600 ?g at 8:00 on the forth day; Group B (induced abortion, n=220), taking the routine intrauterine operation by vacuum aspirator; and Group C (medical with induced abortion, n=223), inserting a Gongshuan suppository into rectum 0.5～2 h before induced abortion operation. Some indices were compared, including the efficacy, vaginal bleeding volume and time, side effects and acceptability of the three abortion methods. Results The abortion effects of Group C and B are better than that of Group A (P

Objective To compare the results of three kinds of heart preservative fluids,namely histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK)solution,Fuwai modified solution(FWM)and St.Thomas' Hospital cardioplegic solution number 2(St.Thomas-Ⅱ)for the preservation of isolated rat hearts under low temperature.Methods Fifty-four male SD rats were randomly divided into HTK,FWM and ST-Ⅱ groups(18 each),and each group was divided into three subgroups(6 each)according to different duration of preservation under low temperature(4,6 and 8 hours).The hearts were harvested and then mounted on the Langendorff apparatus and perfused with K-H buffer solution for determination of the baseline hemodynamic values(HR,LVSP,?dp/dtmax and CF).The isolated hearts were then arrested and stored in different preservative solution as mentioned at 4℃ for 4,6 or 8 hours.The hemodynamic values were measured before cardiac arrest and after cardiac reperfusion in Langendoff model,and the recovery rates of the values were calculated.The hearts were finally sectioned after reperfusion for the observation of morphological changes with light microscope.Results With the same hypothermic preservation time,the recovery rates of hemodynamic values were significantly higher,and the changes in myocardial structures were obviously less in HTK and FWM groups than in ST-Ⅱ group(P0.05).Conclusions HTK and FWM solutions are more effective than St.Thomas-Ⅱsolution in preservation of isolated heart under low temperature with the same storage duration.The effect of HTK solution for preservation of isolated heart descended with the prolongation of preservation time,especially so after 8 hours.

Problem-based learning(PBL)is an important part of creative education in medical colleges.Choice and design of cases are of the vital importance to success or failure of PBL course.To enhance students' ability of independent,creative thinking,and their ability of analyzing and solving problems,the roles of primitive cases and model cases as well as interrelation between them were discussed respective- ly.Moreover,five basic principles to be followed in model case design for PBL in Medical Microbiology and Human Parasitology,i.e.objec- tivity,flexibility,consistency,illumination and relevance,were proposed in this study.

Standards of commodity classes of Chinese materia medica is an important way to solve the "Lemons Problem" of traditional Chinese medicine market. Standards of commodity classes are also helpful to rebuild market mechanisms for "high price for good quality". The previous edition of commodity classes standards of Chinese materia medica was made 30 years ago. It is no longer adapted to the market demand. This article researched progress on standards of commodity classes of Chinese materia medica. It considered that biological activity is a better choice than chemical constituents for standards of commodity classes of Chinese materia medica. It is also considered that the key point to set standards of commodity classes is finding the influencing factors between "good quality" and "bad quality". The article also discussed the range of commodity classes of Chinese materia medica, and how to coordinate standards of pharmacopoeia and commodity classes. According to different demands, diversiform standards can be used in commodity classes of Chinese materia medica, but efficacy is considered the most important index of commodity standard. Decoction pieces can be included in standards of commodity classes of Chinese materia medica. The authors also formulated the standards of commodity classes of Notoginseng Radix as an example, and hope this study can make a positive and promotion effect on traditional Chinese medicine market related research.
China ; Drug Industry ; economics ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; economics ; standards ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; economics ; methods ; standards ; Panax notoginseng ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Phytotherapy ; economics ; methods ; standards ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reference Standards ; Research ; trends

To study the relationship between changes of microbial ATP in four kinds of murine tissues and the postmortem interval (PMI), healthy SD rats were sacrificed and their muscles, livers, spleens and kidneys were sampled at different postmortem intervals. The concentration of microbial ATP was detected using bioluminescent assay and the data was statistically analyzed. The concentration of microbial ATP in muscle increased with PMI time. The peak appeared at the 7th day after death, and at the 10th day, microbial ATP in muscle tissue increased again. In internal organs, the peaks of microbial ATP were observed at the 8th day after death and the level decreased during 8-10 d. The differences in microbial ATP concentration in liver, spleen and kidney were not statistically significant. During day 0 to day 9 after death, the correlation was best between PMI and microbial ATP in muscle. With PMI as the independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was Y=0.02X(3)-0.166X(2)-0.666X+13.412 (R (2)=0.989, P<0.01). In internal organs, the best correlation was found between PMI and microbial ATP during day 0 to day 10. With PMI as the independent variable, the cubic polynomial regression equation was Y=0.016X(3)-0.127X(2)-0.809X+13.324 (R (2)=0.986, P<0.01). There existed high correlations between PMI and microbial ATP concentration in rat tissues. Since only a small amount of tissue was needed for the detection and the sample was not affected by self-decomposition, the method may extend the time range of PMI estimation.

Adult ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Granulomatous Disease, Chronic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Hodgkin Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lewis X Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Burkitt Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Hodgkin Disease ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; classification ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; pathology