Lung injury is a group of lung inflammation and fibrosis diseases which is caused by a variety of reasons.There is no specific and effective treatment for it.Late irreversible damage is an important factor that cause respiratory dysfunction even the death of patients.Therefore,finding a breakthrough in the treatment of lung injury is one of the research focuses.Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)can migrate to lung and participate in reconstruction of injured lung.MSCs can be obtained and cultivated easily,and has characteristics of strong plasticity and immune tolerance.

Objective To learn about the mastery level of midwives and obstetric nurses about fetal monitoring knowledge.Methods 77 midwives and obstetric nurses attending a fetal monitoring education programme in Huaxi Second Hospital of Sichuan University were investigated by using a self-made questionnaire.Results Some respondents lacked of systematic training in fetal monitoring knowledge,and they could not accurately answer the purpose or contents of fetal monitoring,as well as the basic elements and related knowledge about fetal electronic monitoring.Most of the respondents focused on fetal monitoring in clinical practice,but neglected the corresponding frontier progresses.Conclusions The training and education on fetal monitoring knowledge should be strengthened to improve obstetric quality because of the unsatisfactory survey results in midwives and obstetric nurses.

This paper reviews outpatient security policy of typical developed countries .It provides reference for outpatient security system in China .Analysts believe that the experience for Chinese reference should be acquired in the following ways:The pooling of outpatient service is an inevitable trend in the development of health insurance , which is in principle an integral part of payment and financing system; the implementation of outpatient community first diagnosis system should be adapted to the local conditions; the community first diagnosis system is a necessary condition for capitation , so it is closely related to compensation methods and the elaborate degree of outpatient treat -ment catalog;Outpatient services should be supervised and payment policies should be developed respectively .There are two supervision models about outpatient service:external supervision and self supervision , but the key is to focus on the management of outpatient doctors .External regulation should be consistent with the current regulatory approach of the situation and patients have to bear some responsibilities for outpatient treatment expenses in some proportions , but the payment cap line should not to be low .The implementation of certain preferential policies for vulnerable groups can be considered under the harmonized system to partially reduce their medical expenses .

OBJECTIVE:To define the basic elements clinical pharmacists should possess in clinical treatment team.METHODS:The purpose of setting clinical pharmacists system was investigated.Different working scope and different professional requirements of clinical pharmacists and physicians were explored.The basic elements clinical pharmacists should possess in clinical treatment team were found out.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacist system of our country is a significant progress of the hospital clinical system.Clinical pharmacists in the clinical treatment team must have four basic elements:clinical responsibility,clinical action,clinical ability and clinical effect.Only in this way,could clinical pharmacists in the clinical treatment team become an irreplaceable part.

Objective A meta-analysis of clinical trials of prehospital thrombolysis versus in-hospital thrombolysis or PCI for acute myocardia infarction (AMI). Method We collected the literature on prehospital thrombolysis for AMI published at home and abroad from January 1989 to April 2009. Recanalization rate of infarct-related arter, complication incidence and mortality ( ＜ 30 d) were regarded as result indicators. Software RevMan 4.2.8 was used to process meta-analysis. Results There were only 27 literatures selected. Prehospital thrombolysis was associated with higher recanalization rate of infarct-related arter[OR 2.67,95%CI(1.86 ～ 3.85);P ＜0.01] and lower mortality ( ＜ 30 d ) [OR 0.71,95%CI(0.64 ～ 0.78); P ＜ 0.01] than in-hospital thrombolysis. There was no significant difference in complications between them. Compared with PCI, prehospital thrombolysis was associated with higher complication incidence [OR 2.91,95% CI ( 1.26 ～ 3.80); P = O.005]. There was no significant statistical difference of mortality ( ＜30 d ),but the sensitivity analysis was not good. Conchusions The effect and prognosis of prehospital thrombolytic are superior to that of in-hospital thrombolysis,and the same with PCI,but prehospital thrombolytic has higher incidences of complications,and the sensitivity is not good.

Objective To determine the minimum alveolar concentration(MAC) of sevoflurane without body movement during laryngeal mask airway(LMA)intubation in premature infants less than 37 weeks of corrected gestational age undergoing total inhalation general anesthesia induction.Methods Twenty-one ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ premature infants less than 37 weeks of corrected gestational age undergoing elective inhalation general anesthesia were enrolled in this study.At first,the general anesthesia induction was started by inhaling 6 ％ sevoflurane.After the premature infant lost consciousness,the end tidal sevoflurane concentration(ET-sev)was adjusted to the predetermined concentration and maintained stable for 15 min.After that,LMA was inserted.The up-anddown sequential allocation was used to determine MAC.The initial ETsev was 2 ％,which was increased or decreased by 1 gradient concentration in the next case according to the LMA insertion body movement response.The adjacent concentration gradient was 0.2％.The midpoint from th body movement response to non-body movement response was set as the balance point and the mean value of the concentrations of sevoflurane at all the balance points were calculated as MAC.Results The end tidal sevoflurane con centration without the body movement responses to LMA insertion was 1.71％.Conclusion The MAC of sevoflurane without the body movement responses to LMA insertion in premature infants less than 37 weeks of corrected gestational age is 1.71％,which is lower than that in the normal children and probably because imperfect central nervous system development in premature infants.

With the understanding of tumor metabolism, the process and mechanism of tumor metabolic reprogramming gradually attracted much attention in recent years.Oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are constantly changing the pathway and flux of tumor metabolism in tumorigenesis to meet the needs of tumor growth and proliferation.The role of c-MYC, TP53, HIF-1αas well as the related signal pathways in tumor metabolic reprogramming would be discussed.

Objective To explore the roles and related mechanisms of Protein Phosphatase 2A(PP2A) in cognitive dysfunction after the chronic cerebral ischemia.Methods 70 male Sprague Dawley rats in clean degree were divided into sham group,chronic cerebral ischemia group (Bilateral carotid arteries occlusion,2VO),and chronic cerebral ischemia group with PP2A activation group(2VO+aPP2A).The rats were injected intraperitoneally with 1.88 μmol/ml sodium selenate(15 μmol · kg-1 · d-1) or equal volume of saline for 4 weeks.After one month,the chronic cerebral ischemia models were reproduced by the occlusion of bilateral common caroid artery.Then the abilities of learning and memory were tested by Morris water maze,electrophysiological indices were recorded to analyze the LTP changes,and destribution of synaptic vesicles was observed by electron microscope.Results Morris water maze test showed that the 2VO group had significantly longer latent time than sham group in searching platform(P＜0.05),and the 2VO+aPP2A group had dramatically shorter latent time (P＜0.01) than that of 2VO group.Then removing platform to test the rats memory,the data showed that 2VO group spent markedly longer time than sham group to reach the location of the former platform (sham group:(14.50±1.98)s ; 2VO group:(17.30±2.11) s) (P＜0.01),and the 2VO+aPP2A group((15.09± 1.45) s) spent dramatically shorter latent time(P＜0.05) than that of 2VO group.The electrophysiological data showed that 2VO group had the noticeably smaller field excitable postsynaptic potential slope (fEPSP) slope ratio between pre and post of the high frequency stimulations (Long-term potential,LTP) than sham group(sham group:1.69±0.27; 2VO group:2.02±0.137) (P＜0.01),and the 2VO+aPP2A group(1.86±0.19) had strikingly higher ratio than that of 2VO group(P＜0.01).The electromicroscope observation showed that presynaptic vesicles density of 2VO was remarkably lower than that of sham group (sham group:(4.51±0.29) /μm2 ; 2VO group:(2.02±0.14) /μm2) (P＜0.01),and presynaptic vesicles density of 2VO+aPP2A group((3.58±0.50) /μm2) was noticeably higher than that of 2VO group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Activating PP2A can prevent the cognitive dysfunction after chronic cerebral ischemia through regulating LTP and synaptic vesicle density.And PP2A is probably a potential target for preventing and treating the cognitive dysfunction after chronic cerebral ischemia.

Objective To observe the effects of hyperventilation on jugular bulb pressure and optic nerve sheath diameter during RALRP. Methods Twenty patients undergoing elective RALRP were enrolled in this study. After hyperventilation of General anesthesia,we monitored and recorded changes of Heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure (MAP),end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2),arterial oxygen tension (PaO2),arterial carbon dioxide tension(PaCO2),peak airway pressure(PIP),JBP and ONSD in 5 minutes after intubation(T0),Trendelenberg posture in 15 minutes (T1),the established pneumoperitoneum in 30,60,90 minutes (T2,T3,T4) and termination of pneumoperitoneum in 15 minutes in supine position(T5)respectively. Results Compared with T0, JBP increased at T1 ~ T5(P < 0.05). ETCO2 and PaCO2 of T1 ~ T5 were lower than those of T0(P < 0.05)during hyperventilation. After establishment of Trendelenburg posture and pneumoperitoneum,PIP values increased at T1~T4 than that at T0 (P < 0.05),However,ONSD increased from T3 to T5 compared with T1 to T2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Through over-ventilation,pneumoperitoneum and Trendelenburg posture,JBP and PIP can increase, and ONSD becomes wider evendually.

Objective To explore the antiemetic mechanism of propofol in patients subjected to laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ Ⅱ patients of either sex undergoing elective laporoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to three groups : control group (group C), ondansetron group (group O) and propofol group(group P) Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 7 mg?kg -1 and intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1 1.5mg?kg -1 In group C and O anesthesia was maintained with inhalation of 1 0% 1 5% isoflurane and intermittent bolus of vecuronium In group O ondansetron 4 mg was given intravenously before induction of anesthesia In group P anesthesia was maintained with continuous intravenous infusion of 1% propofol at a rate of 50 150 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 and intermittent bolus of vecuronium At the end of operation neostigmine 1mg and atropine 0 5 mg were regularly given to antagonize the residual neuromuscular blockade Venous blood samples were taken before anesthesia (baseline), after intubation, at the end of operation and 6h after operation for determination of plasma motilin(MTL) level Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was assessed according to WHO standard in four grades from no nausea to severe vomiting with gastric content Results In group C the plasma MTL level at the end of operation was significantly higher than that before anesthesia (P