Objectives: To evaluate the analgesic effect of electronic dental anesthesia(EDA).　Methods: Sixty patients with dental caries in need of cavity preparation and 15 patients with pulpitis in need of pulp treatment were anesthetized with EDA, another 60 patients with dental caries in need of cavity preparation and 15 patients with pulpitis in need of pulp treatment were anesthetized with traditional local anesthesia(LA).　 Results: For patients with dental caries in need of cavity preparation, the effective rates in EDA group and LA group were 93.33% and 98.33% respectively(P>0.05).For patients with pulpitis in need of pulp treatment ,the effective rates in EDA group and LA group were 26.7% and 93.33% respectively(P<0.01).　Conclusions: EDA can be an effective analgesic method for cavity preparation, but not for pulp treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of acupuncture at points Taiyang and Fengchi on the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and neural cell apoptosis during local cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rabbits and explore its protective action on nerve cells and the mechanism.Methods Rabbits were randomized into sham operation, model and acupuncture groups. Each group was randomly allocated to three time points: one, three and seven days. A rabbit model of local cerebral ischemia and reperfusion was made by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)using an intraluminal thread. Reperfusion was performed at two hours after cerebral ischemia. In the acupuncture groups, points Taiyang and Fengchi were electro-acupunctured at six hours after cerebral ischemia. Treatment was given once daily. The rabbits were sacrificed to take materials at one, three and seven days after reperfusion. Pathological changes in brain tissue were observed by HE staining. Cerebral HSP70 expression was determined by immunohistochemical method. Neural cell apoptosis was examined by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).Results Pathological staining showed that cerebral infarction area decreased significantly, the number of nerve cells increased and inflammatory infiltration reduced at every time point in the acupuncture group of rabbits compared with the model group. The results of histochemical examination showed that HSP70 expression decreased in the sham operation group and increased in the model group. It increased significantly at every corresponding time point in the acupuncture group compared with the model group (P<0.01). The number of apoptotic cells increased gradually with reperfusion prolongation and reached the peak at three hours in the model group. The number of apoptotic cells decreased significantly at every time point in the acupuncture group and there was a statistically significant difference by comparison with the model group (P<0.01).Conclusions Electroacupuncture at points Taiyang and Fengchi can increase cerebral HSP70 expression and decrease neural cell apoptosis to produce a nerve-protecting effect in rabbits with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase(ALDH2),one of the isoforms of aldehyde dehydrogenase,has multiple enzymatic functions including the activity of dehydrogenase and esterase.The metabolisms of ethanol,amino acids,biogenic amine,vitamin or steroid in the body produce various substances of aldehyde.With the help of co-factor NAD(P)+,ALDH2 can convert aldehydes into corresponding carboxylic acid,which plays a key role in reducing toxic effects of aldehydes on the body.It does not need co-factor when ALDH2 works as esterase.It can convert carboxylic ester or other acids into corresponding carboxylic acids or alcohols.Recently,it has been shown that the decrease of ALDH2 activity exacerbates multiple factors(such as ethanol,ischemia)-induced myocardial injury and accelerates the development of nitroglycerin tolerance.Therefore,the development of specific agonists of ALDH2 may provide a novel approach to the therapy and prevention of heart diseases.

Fundamental specialized courses are important due to their connection between fundamental knowledge and major knowledge,which are regarded as the difficult courses for undergraduates to learn.The useful approaches and experience of bilingual teaching in microbiology,one of the fundamental specialized courses for the students majoring in Bioengineering,are presented here.The key aspects such as choosing textbooks,teaching manners and teaching contents are also discussed.This paper also proposes how to improve the quality of bilingual teaching during the fundamental specialized courses.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and influence factors of ultrasound guided thrombin injection(UGTI) for the treatment of iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysms(PA). Methods Fifteen iatrogenic PA patients following femoral arterial puncture for coronary arterial angiography and PCI were treated with UGTI. One coronary arterial angiography and 14 PCI were performed in 5 males and 10 females. Nine simple PA with one lobe and 6 complex PA with two or three lobes. PA form,size,neck length and width,thrombin dose, therapic effect and complications were analysed. Duplex sonographic follow-up examination was performed at 24 hours and 5-7 days. Results Mean volume of PA was (13?5)cm 3. Twenty-one thrombin injections were performed. Mean thrombin dose was (250?120) IU in simple and (650?150) IU in complex PA. Primary success rate was 100% for 9 simple and 66.7 % for 4 of 6 complex PA. Recurrence occurred in one complex PA after 24 hours of UGTI and another complex PA reappear was detected after 15 days of UGTI, PA were completely obliterated after 3 times thrombin injections. Secondary success rate was 100%. No thromboembolic,infectious,allergic complications occurred. Conclusions UGTI is safe and effective as first-line therapy of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms following femoral arterial puncture for PCI. Geometry form of PA is determinant factor of primary success rate.

Objective To investigate the effect of the treatment of children with mycoplasma pneumonia and the level of inflammatory factors in the serum of children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods 180 cases of mycoplasma pneumonia in our hospital from July 2015 to June 2016 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,90 cases in each group. The control group were treated with azithromycin,and the observation group were treated with combination of hydrochloric acid and bromine on the basis of control group. The course of the two groups were all 12 days.The efficacy of the treatment, fever subsided time, the disappearance time of cough and pulmonary rales, before and after treatment serum inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin-10 (IL-10),interleukin-17 (IL-17) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels between two groups were compared,and the incidence of adverse reactions. Results The observation group treatment efficiency 93.33% was higher than the control group 82.23% (P<0.05); The observation group dissipated time of fever,cough disappeared time and pulmonary rales disappeared faster than the control group (P<0.05);After treatment,the levels of serum IL-6, IL-17 and PCT in two groups were decreased,the level of IL-10 increased,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the level of serum IL-6, IL-17 and PCT in observation group were lower than the control group, while the level of IL-10 was higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);There were no significant differences in the adverse reactions between the two groups . Conclusion The curative effect of bromhexine hydrochloride combined with azithromycin in treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children, and can reduce the serum inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-17 and PCT level and increase the level of IL-10 and lessen inflammatory reaction, has important research significance.

[Objective]To evaluate the clinical treatment results for diastematomyelia treated by operation. [Method]Data from patients with diastematomyelia admitted to our hospital from May 1978 to January 2006 were reviewed. According to the classification, there were single-tube in 25 and double-tube in 96 patients. One hundred and two patients with diastematomyelia were treated by operation and ninteen by conservative treatment. The clinical results were retrospectively analyzed according to scoring neural function and monitoring the peak P40 of posterior trivial nerve cortical somatosensory evoked potential (PTNCSEP) before and after treatment.[Result]The total operative effective rate of double-tube diastematomyelia amounted to 86% during a follow-up period of 6 months to 15 years,more significant in patients with pain.The scores of neural function and PTNCSEP were significantly improved. But patients with single-tube diastematomyelia had no obvious change after operation.[Conclusion]The spinal cord is damaged severely in double-tube diastematomyelia and gradually aggravated.Operation can get symptomatic relief in many patients and terminate spinal cord lesion. So operation should be performed as soon as the diagnosis is made. The spinal cord is damaged slightly in single-tube diastematomyelia and surgery is not indicated.

Objective To investigate the role of autonomic nerve system(ANS)in the pathogenesis of acute mountain sickness(AMS).Methods A hypobaric chamber was used to simulate 4500m altitude for 1 day.The function of ANS of 43 healthy young males was measured individually before the experiment,and then at a “height” of 4500m for 5min.GJB1098-91 clinical questionnaires were conducted to evaluate the AMS symptomatic scores.HRV was measured respectively before the test and 2h,10h,20h at 4500m;cold pressure test(CPT)and plasma concentration of NA were determined before the test and at 4500m,AMS scores were evaluated at the end of exposure.25 subjects with AMS scores of 10 or less were identified as mild AMS group(group A),and another 18 subjects with scores of over 10 were gathered as moderately severe AMS group(group B).Results Compared with group A,the systolic pressure(SP)during CPT increased markedly in group B(P

To study the changes in every part of the beta-adrenergic signal transduction pathway and their effects on ischemic preconditioning of rat myocardium in vivo. SD rats were divided into three groups: IP group, I/R group and CON group. The IP group was further divided into PC1-, 2-, 3-, and PC1+, 2+, 3+ groups according to preconditioning procedure. The rats received surgical procedure and underwent left coronary artery occlusion and reperfusion. We analyzed the infarct size by TTC staining, measured serum myocardial enzymes, studied the beta-AR Bmax and Kd by radioligand binding assay of receptors, checked the activity of AC and PKA by the method of biochemistry and examined the content of cAMP by radioimmunoassay. The infarct area was much smaller in the IP group than in the I/R group (P < 0.001), while the enzymes were significantly higher in I/R (P < 0.001). The Bmax of beta-AR in IP was much higher than that in I/R (P < 0. 001), but no difference in Kd could be seen between IP and I/R groups. In IP, the activity of AC and PKA and the content of cAMP were higher than those in I/R (P < 0.05, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively). In the procedure of preconditioning, the content of cAMP and the activity of PKA showed the characteristic of cyclic fluctuation. Ischemic preconditioning can protect the heart from necrosis and reduce endo-enzyme leakage. The system of beta-adrenergic signal transduction pathway probably takes part in the protection effect of the IP, which might be elicited by the PKA.
Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial ; Myocardium/*metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/*physiology ; Signal Transduction