OBJECTIVE:To discuss the economic efficiency of different antimicrobials in treatment of lower respiratory tract infections(LRTI) METHODS:50 cases of LRTI collected from this hospital were divided into two groups:A,pefloxacin;B,ceftazidime Evaluation was carried out with pharmacoeconomic cost-effectiveness analysis RESULTS:The total costs were 957 60 yuans and 1 596 00 yuans and the effective rates were 84% and 92% in group A and B respectively An increase of 1%effective rate in group A saved 79 80 yuans in comparison with that in group B CONCLUSION:The therapeutic scheme of pefloxacin seems to be the best one for treating LRTI

ObjectiveTo observe the infection of continuous aspiration of subglottic secretion(CASS) for patients with ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP).MethodsOne hundred and fifty VAPpatients under mechanical ventilation whose basical information were recorded were divided into two groupsby random digits table method:control group(70 cases) and CASS group(80 cases).Conventional VAPprevention was taken in control group and CASS group,while CASS therapy was added to CASS group.ResultsSex,age,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ score,recent antibiotics usage,airpressure,time in ICU,hospital stay and mortality rate of two groups had no statistical significance(P ＞0.05 ).The time of ventilator treatment of CASS group was obviously shorter than that of control group [ (5.2 ±1.4) d vs.(7.8 ± 1.2) d,P =0.02 ],and VAP incidence was lower than that of control group [ 22.5％ (18/80)vs.32.9％(23/70),P =0.04 ].ConclusionCASS could reduce the incidence of VAP and short the time ofventilator treatment.

[Objective]To test the biomechanical effects of calcium phosphate cement in fixating distal tadius fractures,and to provid biomechanical foundation for clinical treating distal tadius fractures.[Method]A models of 18 human distal radius fracture of adult upper limbs specimen were made and randomly divided into three groups:fixed with Kirschner wire(Kirschner group),CPC(CPC group),and CPC combined with Kirschner wire(combination group).Wrist joint was vertically loaded with 98 N,and palmar flexion with dorsal extention motion was dimulated,which range of movement was from palmar flexion 5?to dorsal extention 30? and frequency was 2000 cycles.Displace data of distal radius were measured by sliding caliper at every 500 cycles,we had tested Young' s modulus of two samples of CPC.[Result]Multiple factor variance analysis was used,Kirschner group and others had significantly statistical difference(P0.05).[Conclusion]CPC can provide enough fixation strength for distal radius fracture with bone defect and Young' s modulus of CPC is about 30 MPa,which is between those of cancellous bone and compact bone.

Objective To investigate and analysis the prevalence rate of hospital infection and community infection,and to reduce the incidence of hospital infection.Methods First we investigated hospitalized patients in September 9,2013 by two ways which in-clude bedside investigation and reviewing the medical records;and then described the prevalence case of infection and the usage of antimicrobial agent by descriptive approach.Results Seven hundred and seventy patients were investigated with the rate of 100.00%;18 patients were hospital infection cases,the infection rate was 2.34%;most of the hospital infection cases was occur in lower respiratory tract;228 patients were community infection cases.The infection rate was 29.61%;the primary affected areas of community infection were respiratory and gastrointestinal tract;the structure of hospital infection pathogens were almost the same with the community infection,most of them were G- bacteria;186 patients were used antimicrobial agent in that day,the usage rate was 24.16%.Conclusion Promoting the managements of high risk departments and susceptible affected areas,making relevant rules of operation are the focus of our works in the future.

The present report is concerned with the surface structure of the metacercaria of Pa-ragonimus iloktsuenensis as visualized with the scanning electron microscopy. The meta-cercariae were obtained from the liver of tne Sesarma dehaani collected in Yingkou county, Liaoning Province.The tegumental spines of the metacercaria are single-pointed and densely distributed over the entire body and are slightly different in size and shape in different parts of the body. On the forebody of the ventral surface, a vertical ridgeline can be seen in the middle of the spines.In addition to the short spines, there are two circles of non-ciliated papillae on both lips of the oral and the ventral suckers. Around the oral sucker, there are 12 papillae on the outer circle and 6 on the inner circle; around the ventral sucker, there are 6 papillae on both the outer and inner circles. No sensory papillae were found around the ventral sucker. On each side of the anterior part of the ventral side, 8 to 10 pairs of papillae are arranged in two rows.

Objective To understand the basic situation of hospital infection ,relevant problems were collected so as to pro‐vide reference for making infection control program .Methods Infection data in 2013 was reviewed and input into database which was built by EpiData3 .0 ;the descriptive statistical method was used for the characters of clinical distribution of hospital infection and χ2 test was used for the rate comparison by the SPSS17 .0 software .Results Four hundred and thirteen hospital infection cases were found in 2013 and infection rate was 1 .2% ,which was higher in patients with malignant tumor .The main parts of hosipital in‐fection were respiratory and urinary system .Escherichia coli ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Acinetobacter bacteria Bauman ,Staphylococ‐cus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the main pathogen in nosocomial infection .Conclusion The focus for future prevention and control work are to strengthen hospital infection training ,susceptible sites management ,and formulate relevant rules of opera‐tion .

Objective To establish an HPLC method for the determination of ceftazidime for injection. Methods HPLC column was TSK-GEL G2000SWXL gel column. Mobile phase of phosphate buffer ( pH 7. 0) was 0. 005 mol · L-1 disodium hydrogen phosphate solution-0. 005 mol · L-1 sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution ( 61 : 39 ). The detection wavelength was 231 nm; column temperature was 30 ℃ ; the injection volume was 20 μL. Results Ceftazidime reference linear range was 0. 51-25. 64 μg·mL-1(r=0. 999), ceftazidime for injection polymer linear range was 0. 20-3. 92 mg·mL-1 (r=0. 99), and the limit of quantification polymer was 0. 71 μg. Conclusion The method is rapid and the separation was good. It can be used for the detection of ceftazidime for injection.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of micronised fenofibrate on lipid and uric acid metabolism in patients with hyperlipidemia.Methods: A total of 116 patients with hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia received 200 mg micronised fenofibrate for 4 weeks.Physical and laboratory investigations of lipid profiles,serum uric acid,and 24 h urine uric acid,for adverse effects were assessed.Results:(1) Serum triglyceride(TG) was significantly reduced by 51%,whilst high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) increased 24% after 4-week fenofibrate treatment.Moreover,serum total cholesterol(TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) were reduced by 10% and 12%,respectively.(2) Serum uric acid levels were significantly reduced by 28.3% [from(462.8?73.5) ?mol/L to(320.1?83.0) ?mol/L] after fenofibrate treatment,independent of baseline uric acid le-vels.There was no difference in serum uric acid changes between male gender and female gender(29.8% and 25.1%,respectively).(3) Urine uric acid levels were increased by 36.0% [from(2 874.2?503.4) ?mol/L to(3 604.2?769.7) ?mol/L].The urine uric acid changes were 41.1% in male gender group and 33.4% in female gender group.The uric acid clearance/creatinin clearance ratio was increased in all cases after treatment.Conclusion: Micronised fenofibrate treatment could significantly improve lipid and uric acid metabolism in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and hyperuricemia,and is ge-nerally safe and well tolerated.The anti-hyperuricemic effect of fenofibrate is a result of increasing the urinary excertion of uric acid,independent of baseline level and gender.

Informationization teaching resources contain a large number of information so rea-sonable and effective application of the resources is of great significance to the teaching. The article tries to explore and work out some teaching strategies for effective application of informationization teaching resources through action research combined with literature research , questionnaire survey method , interview and other methods. The research process: the original teaching strategies of infor-mationization teaching resources were implemented , implicated and verified in the first round action research; the problems in the first round were summarized and analyzed and the original teaching strategies were adjusted and optimized in the next round action research; finally, the teaching effec-tiveness between the two rounds action research was evaluated and analyzed by the “classroom teach-ing effectiveness criteria based on the use of information technology teaching resources”. The results show that effective application of informationization teaching resources is of great help to the teaching effect. It can enhance the learners' interest in learning and improve their academic performance. Ap-propriate and rational teaching strategy should be provided flexibly according to the learning back-ground and characteristics of students as well as learning contents.

Objective To discuss the characteristics of in-patients with Beh(c)et's disease in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region.Methods Clinical data of 146 cases with Behcet's disease admitted to Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region people's hospital were analyzed.The demographic data and clinical manifestations were analyzed retrospectively.The categorical data was compared using x2 test or Fisher's exact test.Results ① Of the 146 patients with BD,99 cases were Han,47 cases were uyghurs.Oral ulcer were observed in 146 cases (100％).Genital ulcer occurred in 115 cases (78.8％),of which 76 were Han (76.8％),39 (82.9％) were uyghurs,the difference was not significant (P=0.391).The initial presentation was oral ulcer in 83 cases (56.8％),of which 60 cases (60.6％) were Han,23 cases (48.9％) were the uyghurs.The second most common presentation was oral ulcer and genital ulcer,which occurred in 42 cases (28.8％),of which 23 cases (23.2％) were Han,19 cases (40.4％) were the uyghurs.More Han patients initially presented with both oral and genital ulcers than uyghur (P=0.032).② Skin lesions were recorded in 66 cases (45.2％),of which 45 cases (45.4％) were Han,21 cases (44.7％) were the uyghurs,the difference was not significant (P=0.930).③ Joint damage occurred in 40 cases (27.4％),of which 22 cases (22.2％) were Han,18 cases (38.3％) were the uyghurs.Joint damage wasmore frequently observed in Han than in uyghur (P=0.042).④ Eye lesion happened in 21 cases (14.4％),ofwhich 9 cases (9.1％) were Han,12 cases (25.5％) were the uyghurs,ie,eye lesion of Uyghur was higher than Han (P=0.008).⑤ Vascular lesions were detected in 8 cases (5.5％),of which the 5 cases were Han,3 cases were uyghurs,the difference was not significant (P=0.712).⑥ Nervous lesions were observed in 2 cases (1.37％),1 was Han and one was uyghur,the difference was not significant (P=0.542).Conclusion The most common clinical presentations of BD in Xinjiang region are oral and genitalulcers.Skin,joints,eye,vascular,nervous system can also be affected.Joint damage in Han is higher than Uyghur,but eye lesion of Uyghur is more common than Han.