As an important link of practice teaching, the Fermentation Engineering and Equipment Course Design can play the connecting role between the preceding and the following in the practice teaching, and lay a good foundation for the students to work in the factory after graduation. The article shall exchange and discuss the teaching links, such as the status, opinion, contents and way of the course design.

In the present study ,we aimed to observe the effect of curcumin on TSST-1-induced inflammatory cytokines in splenocytes of mouse and provide evidence for the further study on the effect of curcumin on inflammatory shock .Lactate de-hydrogenase (LDH) release assay was used to determine cytotoxicity of different doses of TSST-1 and curcumin .Inflammatory cytokines were determined by ELISA and flow cytometry .The doses of TSST-1 and curcumin we used in the present study did not cause significant cytotoxicity .TSST-1 induced higher level of IFN-γand IL-2 production but relatively lower level of TNF-α.The production of IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-12 was undetectable .TSST-1 induced Th1 cytokines (IFN-γand IL-2) were not IL-12-dependent which was different from LPS-induced IFN-γ.Curcumin significantly reduced IFN-γand TNF-αproduction at the concentration of 15 umol/L (P<0 .05) ,but had no effect on IL-2 production (P>0 .05) .It’s suggested that curcumin could significantly inhibit the production of IFN-γand TNF-αby splenocytes induced by TSST-1 ,but could not affect the prolifera-tion of T cells .

Objective:To predict the dose of lumbosacral spine (LS) and pelvic bone marrow (PBM) based on kernel density estimation (KDE) in patients with gynecological tumors.Methods:Fifteen patients with gynecological tumors receiving radiotherapy plans with dose limitation for LS and PBM in our hospital were selected as training data for machine learning. Another 10 cases were selected as the data for model validation. The minimum directional distance between the dose point in the organs and the edge of the planned target volume for the LS and PBM was calculated. Model training was performed by KDE. The accuracy of the model prediction was evaluated by the root mean square error. The model was utilized to predict the actual planned doses of the LS and PBM, and a linear fitting was performed on the predicted dose volume histogram (DVH) and actual results. The prediction effect was assessed by the goodness of fit R 2. Results:In terms of the DVH parameters required by the planner, the prediction doses from the model were similar to those of the verification plans: the difference of PBM V 40Gy was 2.0%, the difference of the mean dose was 1.6 Gy, and the difference of LS V 10Gy was -0.4%. In the unrequired DVH parameters, except for the PBM V 10Gy, the predicted values of the model were significantly high. The difference between the DVH predicted by the model and the actual plan was small, and the R 2 of the LS and PBM were 0.988 and 0.995, respectively. Conclusions:The model based on KDE method can accurately predict the doses of the LS and PBM. This model can also be used as a method to ensure the quality of the plan, and improve the consistency and quality of the plan.

Objective To investigate the probabilities of brain-derived stem cells from fetal rats differentiating into neurons and astrocytes by velvet antler polypeptide(VAP) in vitro. Methods Neural stem cells from E12-14d rats were cultured for 7 days until neural stem cells (NSCs) aggregations were formed into neurospheres. The neurospheres were cultured at different concentrations of VAP, and immunocytochemistry was used to detect the differentiation of neural stem cells. Results The differentiated cells in 50?g/L VAP group are more than that in control group; the number of NSE positive cells in 50?g/L,100?g/L and 200?g/L groups is more than that in control group.Conclusion Neural stem cells can be successfully induced into neurons by VAP in vitro, which could provide a basis for regeneration of nerve system.;

ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to observe and analysis the actual dosage of patients with breast cancer using metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) detector.MethodsFirst, Phantom measurements were performed to investigate dose distribution in the area of the junction in a half-field matching method and the influence of factors related to the accelerator. In vivo dose measurements were performed for patients with breast cancer to investigate the skin dose and the junction of supraclavicular-axillary field and tangential field in 6 MV X-ray beams. ResultsPhantom measurements showed that the relative deviation in the junction were within + 3％, and the dose distributions in the junction area depended on the matching field direction (x or y). In vivo measurement of tangential region for patients showed that, the maximum dose deviation between measurement and calculation was -30. 39％,the minimum deviation was - 18. 85％, the average dose deviation was -24. 76％. The dose deviation of tangential fields for patients with breast-conserving surgery was larger than that patients with radical surgery (t =2. 40 ,P＜0. 05), while dose deviation of supraclavicular-axillary fields was not significantly different. The average values of 15 fraction in the junction area showed more stable than one individual measurement.ConclusionsIt is important to real-time, in vivo measurement of radiation dose during radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer, and change treatment plan in time, to ensure the accuracy of target dose.

Objective To investigate the in vitro effects of quercitrin on the proliferation and the cytotoxicity of human γδT cells.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from healthy subjects and cultured with isopentenyl pyrophosphate and IL -2 to induce human γδT cells.The hu-manγδT cells were cultured with quercitrin at various concentrations for 48 hours.CCK-8 kits were used to analyze the in vitro proliferation and cytotoxic activities of γδT cells.Flow cytometry was performed to meas-ure the expression of granzyme B and perforin in γδT cells.The expression of p-ERK, p-Akt and Bcl-2 at protein level were detected by Western blot .Results The percentage of human γδT cells in PBMCs was in-creased from (2.96±1.83)%to (88.94±2.36)%after 10 days of culture.The quercitrin at concentrations of 10 to 80 μg/ml could promote the growth of γδT cells and up-regulate the expression of granzyme B , per-forin, p-ERK, p-Akt and Bcl-2 in a dose dependent manner .The cytolytic activities of γδT cells against co-lonic carcinoma cells ( HCT116 ) were enhanced by quercitrin .Conclusion Quercitrin could promote the proliferation of γδT cells and enhance the expression of granzyme B and perforin at certain concentrations in vitro.ERK1/2 and Akt signal transduction systems might be involved in the process .

Objective To enhance the protective immunity effects against Schistosoma japonicum infection by priming with cocktail DNA vaccines and boosting with cocktail protein vaccines in infected BALB/c mice.Methods Plasmids and proteins for immunization were prepared and diluted in no bacterial saline solution to final concentration of 1.5 mg/ml,and mixed with pcDNA3.1-SjC23,pcDNA3.1-SjCTPI,pcDNA3.1-(CDR3)6 plasmid DNAs by equal volume to form the cocktail DNA vaccine,and also mixed with recombinant proteins SjC23-HD,SjCTPI,and NP30 by equal volume to form the cocktail protein vaccine.Seventy female BALB/c mice of 4-5 weeks old were randomly divided into 5 groups(A,B,C,D,E).In Group A(control group),each mouse was immunized with 100 ?l saline solution by intramuscular(i.m.);in Group B(pcDNA3.1 control group),each mouse was immunized(i.m.)with 100 ?l pcDNA3.1 for three times at week 0,3,6;in Group C(pcDNA3.1 and cocktail protein group),each mouse was immunized(i.m.)with 100 ?l pcDNA3.1 for three times at week 0,3,6 and immunized with 100 ?l mixed protein vaccines plus 100 ?l FCA by subcutaneous at week 9;in Group D(cocktail DNA vaccines group),each mouse was immunized(i.m.)with 100 ?l mixed DNA vaccines for three times at week 0,3,6;in Group E(cocktail DNA vaccines plus cocktail proteins),each mouse was immunized(i.m.)with 100 ?l mixed DNA vaccines for three times at week 0,3,6 and immunized with 100 ?l mixed protein vaccines plus 100 ?l FCA by subcutaneous at week 9.Four weeks after the last DNA immunization or two weeks after protein boosting,all the mice were challenged with(40?1)cercariae of Schistosoma japonicum by abdominal skin penetration at the same time.Forty-two days post-challenge,the mice were sacrificed and perfused,and the numbers of recovered worms and eggs in liver were counted.The blood was collected from the tail veins of all the mice two days before the first immunization and challenge,respectively,the serum was prepared for detection of IgG,IgG1 and IgG2a.Two days before the challenge,the spleen cells of two mice from each group were cultured and stimulated with ConA and soluble egg antigen(SEA),and the supernatant was collected for detection of IL-2,IL-4 and IFN-?.Results The worm reduction rates in Group C,D and E were 17.70%,32.88% and 45.35%,respectively,compared with the control group.The worm reduction rates in Group D and E were significantly higher than that in Group C(P

Objective To investigate the utility value of monoexponential and biexponential DWI in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant liver neoplasms.Methods Seventy three patients with pathologically or clinically confirmed liver mass,were analyzed retrospectively and categorized into benign and malignant groups between January 2013 and October 2013.Malignant group included 46 patients with 53 lesions,while 27 patients in benign group had 35 lesions.All patients underwent MR examinations on 3.0T system (GE 750).Conventional MR T1WI,T2WI,DWI(b=0,800 s/mm2) (to obtain ADC with monoexponential modeling),multi-b value DWI(b=0,20 50,100,200,400,600,800 and 1 200 s/mm2) (to obtain Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC,f with biexponential modeling) and dynamic enhancement were performed.The ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and f mean values of benign and malignant liver neoplasms were measured and analyzed by using independent samples t test.Diagnostic efficacy of these parameters in malignant group was evaluated by using receiver operating characteristic curve,with histopathologic findings as the gold standard.Results ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and f of malignant group were lower than those of benign group [ADC:(1.79±0.35)× 10-3 mm2/s vs (1.16±0.36) × 10-3 mm2/s; Slow-ADC:(1.67±0.25) × 10-3 mm2/s vs(0.94±0.22)×10-3mm2/s; Fast-ADC(72.40±23.70)×10-3mm2/s vs(34.62±17.43)×10-3mm2/s; and f:(33.59± 11.77)％ vs (22.28±8.97)％ in benign and malignant groups,respectively).Significant inter-group difference was observed in ADC,Fast-ADC,Slow-ADC and f (t=0.89,14.77,8.96 and 5.47,respectively and P＜0.05).The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and fwere 0.938,0.974,0.895 and 0.789,respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of ADC,Slow-ADC,Fast-ADC and fwere 90.6％ (48/53),96.2％ (51/53),90.6％ (48/53) and 90.6％ (48/53) and 85.7％ (30/35),91.4％ (32/35),82.9％ (29/35) and 57.1％ (20/35)respectively for differentiating benign from malignant hepatic lesions.Conclusion ADC obtained with mono-exponential modeling and Fast-ADC,Slow-ADC,f obtained with biexponential modeling are useful parameters in distinguishing benign and malignant hepatic lesions,among which slow-ADC demonstrates the highest diagnostic efficacy.

Objective To investigate the effects of hemolysis on glycated albumin (GA) determined by ketoamine oxidase method and its correction.Methods GA concentration and hemolytic parameter(optical density,A) in non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum samples were measured.The impact of hemolysis on GA and the relationship between hemolysis and GA were analysed.A formula was developed to correct the interference of hemolysis on GA measurement using regressive Multiple analysis.Results Compared with non-hemolytic serum,hemolysis resulted in the significantly decreased concentrations of GA detected by ketoamine oxidase method(P ＜ 0.01),which were significantly associated with the degree of hemolysis (R2 =0.943 4).Y and Z represented GA concentration of non-hemolytic serum and different degree hemolytic serum,while X represented optical density of hemolytic parameter.Formulas for GA measurement were presented:Y =2.468X + Z-0.015 73,GA concentrations of hemolytic samples can be reverted to the values without statistical difference from the GA concentration in corresponding non-hemolytic samples.The bias of corrected GA was less than 10％.Conclusion Our results indicate that the level of GA measured through ketoamine oxidase method is negatively affected by hemolysis.The formula of mathematical correction of GA results in hemolytic samples should be suitable for the requirements of clinical laboratory.

Objective:To investigate the mechanisms of TWS119 induced CCR5 expression in hunman γδT cells. Methods:After treatment with various concentrations of TWS119 for 48h, the expression of CCR5 in γδT cells were detected by flow cytometry. The p-STAT3 and GAPDH expression were examined by Western blot analysis. Results: TWS119 could upregulate the expression of CCR5 in dose dependent manner. Western blot analysis revealed that TWS119 inhibit phosphorylation of STAT3,but had no significant impact on GAPDH. In addition, pretreatment of γδT cells with 0. 5 μmol/L STAT3 specific phosphorylation inhibitor Stattic could upregulate the expression of CCR5 and enhance the TWS119 induced CCR5 expression. Conclusion: TWS119 could upregulate CCR5 expression of γδT cells by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in vitro.