Objective To investigate the application value of recombinant human growth hormone ( rhGH) in the treatment of severe burns .Methods 36 patients with severe burns were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and control group ,18 cases in each group .Both two groups used the same anti-infection therapy , nutritional support and surgical methods .The observation group received rhGH subcutaneous injection therapy , the control group used the same amount of daily injections of 0.9%sodium chloride.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α( TNF-α) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) , wound healing time , hospitalization time and other indicators were compared between the two groups.Results 7d,14d after treatment,the TNF-αand IL-6 levels of the two groups were (18.4 ± 3.3)ng/L vs (24.9 ±7.3)ng/L,(133.2 ±66.9)ng/L vs (271.4 ±88.9)ng/L,(15.4 ±3.2)ng/L vs (25.4 ± 4.9)ng/L,(90.9 ±20.8) ng/L vs (200.7 ±62.2) ng/L,the differences were significant between the two groups (t=3.74,4.75,4.02,4.69,all P<0.05).The healing time and hospital stay in the observation group were signifi-cantly shorter than those of the control group (t=3.75,3.86,4.75,4.64,all P<0.05).Conclusion rhGH therapy can significantly improve the wound healing of severe burn patients ,reduce hospitalization time,it has good clinical results.

AIM: To study the difference in main chemical composition and content between(Radix et Rhizoma Rhei;Rhizoma Coptidis;Radix Scutellariae) dispensing granules and standard decoction. METHODS: 3D-HPLC was used with MeOH(A)、0.1%H_3PO_4-H_2O(include 0.02 mol/L KH_2PO_4,pH=3)(B) gradient elution,the fingerprint chromatogram of Xiexintang Dispensing Granules and standard decoction were set up. RESULTS: 30 peaks were indicated,the relative retention time and relative peak area were obtained. CONCLUSION: (The) difference between Xiexintang Dispensing Granules and standard decoction is obvious,the contents of the former are higher.

[Objective]To evaluate the biomechanical efficacy of calcium phosphate cement(CPC)in augmentation and restoration of anterior cervical unicortical screw fixation.[Method]Anterior cervical unicortical screw were fixed in the cervical vertebra(C_(3~6)),pull-out test and cyclic bending test was performed and anti-shear test after cyclic bending.[Result]The pull out strength(pos)of restoration group and augmentation group were significantly higher than that in the control group,the statistic difference was also significant(P

Radiotherapy(RT) is one of the principle treatment options for prostate cancer.Modern RT and surgery show similar progression-free survival in localized prostate cancer.Adjuvant RT compared to observation significantly diminishes the risk of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) progression and local failure for patients at the highest risk for recurrence after radical prostatectomy,including with seminal vesicle invasion,extraprostatic extension,extensive positive margins,and detectable postoperative PSA.Salvage RT is effective at controlling local recurrence and reduces the risk of distant metastasis and prostate cancerspecific mortality (PCSM) for patients with PSA or local recurrence after prostatectomy.Hypofractionated radiotherapy of recent years' reports shows similar cancer control rates without an increased risk of late toxicity in comparison to conventional regimens.The addition of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) to radiation improves the overall survival and biochemical progression-free survival(bPFS) for intermediate-risk and high-risk patients.

Objective To investigate the expressions of tumor suppressor gene FEZ1 and hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and their correlation with clinicopathological features and prognosis. Methods A total of 146 specimens of OSCC and 80 normal oral mucosa were used to detect the expressions of FEZ1 and HIF-1αby immunohistochemistry. Thirty specimens of fresh OSCC tissues, 30 samples of the paracancerous tissues and 30 normal mucosa tissues were also included in the study. The relationship between the expressions of FEZ1 and HIF-1α, the clinicopathological features and the prognosis of the patients were analyzed. Western blot assay was used to detect the expres?sions of FEZ1 and HIF-1αin 30 fresh OSCC tissues, 30 samples of the paracancerous tissues and 30 normal mucosa tissues. Results In OSCC tissues, the positive rate of FEZ1 protein (30.14%) was significantly lower than that in normal oral muco?sa (81.25%), and the positive rate of HIF-1αprotein (71.23%) was significantly higher than that in normal mucosa (12.50%,χ2=54.076 and 71.317, P<0.01). There was a correlation between the expression of FEZ1 and clinical stage, tumor size and differentiation. The expression of HIF-1αwas correlated with gender, lymph node metastasis, tumor size and differentiation. There was no significant difference in 5-year survival rate between positive and negative FEZ1 expression groups. The 5-year survival rate was significantly lower in HIF-1α positive expression group than that of HIF-1α negative expression group (P<0.05). The expression level of FEZ1 was decreased by the sequences in normal oral mucosa, paracancerous tissue and OSCC (P<0.01), but the expression level of HIF-1αwas increased in turn (P<0.01). Conclusion FEZ1 and HIF-1αmay be involved in the occurrence and progress of OSCC. The expressions of FEZ1 and HIF-1αcan be used as a reference for the biological behavior of OSCC.

AIM: To observe the inhibitory effect of interferon-α ( IFN-α) on the growth invasiveness and metastasis of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823, and mechanism of its action. METHODS: We detected the influence of IFN-α on the proliferative ability of BGC-823 in cell culture system, the cell vitality with the MTT colorimetric assay, and the cell cycle with flow cytometer (FCM). The regulatory functions of IFN-α to the expression of E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase-2 ( MMP-2) in tumor cells were estimated by immunohistochemical analysis ( S-P). The ultrastructural changes of the junction among the tumor cells were observed under electron microscope. RESULTS : IFN-α can significantly inhibit the growth of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentration of IFN-α was ≥106 U/L, the cell proliferation can be effectively suppressed,the suppression rate was ≥ 12. 2%, and the blockage appeared at the phase of G1-S of the cell cycle. Under the induction of IFN-α, the expression level of the cell E-cadherin increased while the MMP-2 decreased. The changes on ultrastructure of the cells showed the increased adhesive junctions and the relative compact structure. CONCLUSION: IFN-α can suppress the growth of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 through its influence on cell cycle. IFN-α can regulate the expression of E-cadherin and MMP-2, make the cell junction closely, so that it has the potential on restricting the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma cells.

Thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) is an important and key cytoplasmic enzyme in the metabolism of thiopurine drugs,whose activity can directly determine the amount of thiopurine drugs metabolized to cytotoxic 6-thioguanine nucleotides and consequently influence clinical efficacy and adverse drug reactions of thiopurine drugs.In order to deepen knowledge and role of genetic polymorphism of tpmt in the individualized thiopurine drug treatment,this present review mainly covered the following three frequently concerned aspects,including i) whether or not to determine the activity of TPMT priot to treatment of thiopurine drugs;ii) to genotype or to phenotype;iii) how to choose genotype methods.

Objective To screen primers used in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting Trichomonas vaginalis. Methods Three pairs of PCR primer reported in the literatures (TVA5-TVA6, TV1-TV2 and TVK3-TVK7) were screened. For each PCR, four components, including primers, Mg2+, dNTPs and Taq polymerase, were optimized using Taguchi methods to determine the optimal PCR conditions. With the optimal conditions, the sensitivities of three PCR were compared. Vaginal swabs were collected to detect Trichomonas vaginalis by culture and PCR, and the PCR with highest sensitivity was evaluated. Results All three PCR were of high specificity, and the PCR with primers of TVK3-TVK7 had the highest sensitivity. Of 25 clinical vaginal swabs, T. vaginalis was detected in 7 samples by the culture, however, it was detected in 8 samples by the PCR. All culture-positive samples were also positive by PCR. Conclusions The PCR with the primers of TVK3-TVK7 is highly sensitive and specific, which could be useful to detect T. vaginalis in vaginal swab samples.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and risk factors of lymph node metastasis of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (GI-NENs).Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 467 patients with GI-NENs who were admitted to the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2006 to December 2015 were collected.Observation indicators:(1) occurrence sites and pathological classification of GI-NENs;(2) pathological characteristics of surgical specimens of GI-NENs;(3) univariate analysis and multivariate analysis affecting lymph node metastasis of GI-NENs:sex,age,tumor location,tumor diameter,pathological classification,pathological stage and tumor invasive depth.The univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were respectively done using the chi-square test and Logistic regression model.Results (1) Occurrence sites and pathological classification of GI-NENs:of 467 patients with GI-NENs,tumors of 304,15,7,14 and 127 patients were located at stomach,duodenum,small intestine,colon and rectum,respectively.Tumor diameter was 0.3-12.0 cm,with an average diameter of 2.2 cm.Of 467 patients with GI-NENs,G1 and G2 of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs),G3 of neumendocfine carcinomas (NECs) and mixed adenoneuroendocfine carcinomas (MANECs) were respectively detected in 209,64,146 and 48 patients.Lymph node metastasis rate of GI-NENs was 31.48％ (147/467).(2) Pathological characteristics of surgical specimens of GI-NENs:NETs were high-differentiated NENs.Ceils of NETs were solid and nest-,trabeculum-and tubular-shaped,and consisted of small or medium cells,with moderate amount or massive cytoplasms,round or oval nucleus,particle-shaped chromatin,unobvious nucleolus and positive endocrine markers.There were abundant of small blood vessels and surrounding fibrous stroma in peripheral tumor cell nests.NECs were low-differentiated NENs and included small cell carcinoma and large cell NEC.Cells of small cell carcinoma were small round or oval and looked similar to lymphocytes,with few amount cytoplasms,fine granularshaped or hyperchromatic nucleus and common mitosis figures.Cells of large cell NEC were large and greater than 3 lymphocytes,arrayed in organoid-or chrysanthemum-shape,with massive cytoplasms,coarse particle-shaped chromatin,obvious nucleus,clear mitosis figures and large laminar-shaped necrosis.There were different positive expressions of endocrine markers between small cell carcinoma and large cell NEC.MANECs had the characteristics of glandular cavity formation of traditional adenocarcinoma and NENs.Results of immunohistochemical staining in 467 patients showed that Ki-67 of 467 patients was positive;CD56 in 379 of 428 with CD56 test was positive;synaptophysin (Syn) in 416 of 422 with Syn test was positive;cytokeratin (CK) in 354 of 396 with CK test was positive;chromogranin (CgA)in 264 of 388 with CgA test was positive;neuron specific enolase (NSE) in 287 of 346 with NSE test was positive.(3) Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis affecting lymph node metastasis of GI-NENs:results of univariate analysis showed that sex,tumor location,tumor diameter,pathological classification,pathological satge and tumor invasive depth were related factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs (X2 =20.654,18.182,26.788,184.709,163.738,195.391,P＜ 0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that pathological classification and pathological stage were independent influenced factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs (HR =2.129,7.171,95％ confidence interval:1.273-3.561,-2.327-22.098,P＜0.05).Conclusions GI-NENs are mostly located on the stomach and rectum.Results of immunohistochenical staining could help diagnosis of GI-NENs.Pathological classification and pathological stage are independent influenced factors affecting lymph node metastasis of patients with GI-NENs.

AIM:To observe the inhibitory effect of interferon-?(IFN-?)on the growth invasiveness and metastasis of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823,and mechanism of its action.METHODS:We detected the influence of IFN-? on the proliferative ability of BGC-823 in cell culture system,the cell vitality with the MTT colorimetric assay,and the cell cycle with flow cytometer(FCM).The regulatory functions of IFN-? to the expression of E-cadherin and matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)in tumor cells were estimated by immunohistochemical analysis(S-P).The ultrastructural changes of the junction among the tumor cells were observed under electron microscope.RESULTS:IFN-? can significantly inhibit the growth of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 in a dose-dependent manner.When the concentration of IFN-? was ≥106 U/L,the cell proliferation can be effectively suppressed,the suppression rate was ≥12.2%,and the blockage appeared at the phase of G_1-S of the cell cycle.Under the induction of IFN-?,the expression level of the cell E-cadherin increased while the MMP-2 decreased.The changes on ultrastructure of the cells showed the increased adhesive junctions and the relative compact structure.CONCLUSION:IFN-? can suppress the growth of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 through its influence on cell cycle.IFN-? can regulate the expression of E-cadherin and MMP-2,make the cell junction closely,so that it has the potential on restricting the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma cells.