Objective To investigate the effects of thoracotomy on pulmonary surfactant(PS).Methods 10 patients with esophageal cancer were treated with surgery.Bilateral bronchoalveolar lavage were performed after intubation preoperatively and before removal of the cannula postoperatively.Saturated phosphatylcholinide(SatPC),Total phospholipids(TPL),Total proteins(TP) were determined in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF).The ratio of SatPC/TPC and SatPC/TP were regarded as PS activities.Right lateral lung was control group.Results There were no difference in SatPC/TPL and SatPC/TP of bilateral lung at preoperation,SatPC/TPL showed no statistical diference at postoperation. But at postoperation,SatPC/TP(6.09?1.53)% of the left lung was decreased,as compared with the right SatPC/TP(7.89?2.32)% (P

10%, and the polyethylene liner wear rate was calculated according to offset distance of femoral head, which was measured on AP X-ray. Results 11 hips were revised winth 5 years post-operation, and 66 hips were revised within 6-12 years. The majority of revisions were done between 7 to 9 years post-operation. The causes for revision were analyzed based on X-ray films. There were prosthesis loosening in 42 hips, severe osteolysis in 43, hips mild osteolysis in 12 hips. All prosthesis liners wore in different degree. Except for some factors that probably affected the results, such as 18 cases of cup malposition, 6 cases of acetabular dysplasia with acetabular bone graft and 2 cases of trauma, 2 cases of dislocation, there were 49 revisions probably due to prosthetic reason. The liner wear rate was (0.26?0.10)mm/y. No good ongrowth bone was found on the surface of the cups taken off from the patients. Conclusion This HA coated cup has a good medium term result, and poor long-term result. The main causes for acetabular cup revision rate are the acetabular dysplasia, malposition of acetabular prosthesis, high liner wear rate and osteolysis related to too many screws.

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway,one of the most important cellular signaling transduction pathways,regulates cell survival,proliferation,transdifferentiation,migration and cell cycle by influencing the activation state of various effector molecules in the downstream.Abnormal regulations of these machanisms are closely related to the tumorigenesis and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC).Currently,mTOR inhibitors have been approved in clinical trials of CRC and have made some progress.

Objective To compare the clearing effect between combination use of mosapride and polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyethylene glycol only for colonoscopy preparation of patients with constipation caused by functional diseases.Methods A total of 212 adult patients who underwent colonoscopy examination were recruited to this randomized single blinded controlled study.Patients in control group received 3 liters of PEG only,whereas patients of experimental group received 10mg mosapride 30min before 3liter PEG.The patients were surveyed for the tendency of constipation.Experimental variables including time of first defecation and completion of bowel cleansing,defecation frequency,and degree of discomfort during colonoscopy preparation were recorded.Results The times of first defecation and completion of bowel cleansing of experimental group were shorter than those of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ),but there were no significant differences in defecation frequency,the degree of discomfort and the bowel cleansing quality between 2 groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The percentages of patients with constipation in control and experimental groups were 26.61％ and 26.67％,respectively.The defecation frequency and the degree of discomfort of constipative patients were similar in both groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The time of first defecation and time of completion of bowel cleansing of constipative patients in experimental group were shorter than those in control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The bowel cleansing quality of constipative patients in experimental group was better than that of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no difference in defecation frequency and adverse reaction between 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combination of mosapride and PEG for colonoscopy preparations of patients with functional constipation tends to shorten times of first defecation and completion of bowel cleansing,and to increase the bowel cleansing quality.

Objective To discuss the antitumor mechanism preliminarily by observing effects of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts (COE) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression in hepatoma (Hepal-6) cells of mice.Methods Hepa1-6 cells were treated with COE at different nontoxic concentration (0, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg/mL) for 16 h. The mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF were detected by reverse transcription-PCR and Western Blotting,respectively. Results COE significantly inhibited VEGF expression at both mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion COE can inhibit VEGF expression in Hepa1-6 cells, therefore suggest that VEGF could be chosen as an therapeutic target for COE in the context of cancer chemoprevention and anticancer therapy.

At present,the diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous changes mainly depends on the histological examination of biopsy samples.Confocal laser endomicroscopy could enable realtime observation of tissue,cellular,and subcellular structure of gastrointestinal tract,and differentiate normal,hyperplastic,and neoplastic mucosa.Confocal laser endomicroscopy has shown the superiority and value in in vivo diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous changes, including atrophic gastritis,intestinal metaplasia,and intraepithelial neoplasia,et al.This article reviewed the advances in studies of the diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous changes by confocal laser endomicroscopy.

Objective To study the effects of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts (COE) on the expression of VEGF and CECs of Hepal-6 tumor bearing mice.Methods Animal Models of Hepal-6 portability liver tumor bearing mice were established and randomly assigned to six groups (eight mice per group) as follows:untreated control group,solvent vehicle control (DMSO) group,physiological saline control group,cisplatin-treated group,and different dosages COE-treated groups (40 mg/kg,20 mg/kg,10 mg/kg).To approach the effects of COE on the expression of VEGF and CECs in Hepal-6 toumor bearing mice.Results The ELISA and flow cytometer showed that COE could significantly inhibit the expression of VEGF(45.24±21.36) pg/ml and CECs (0.83 ± 0.10) ％ compared with the physiological saline control group (P＜ 0.01 ) with the dose of 20mg/kg.Conclusion COE could significantly down-regulate the expression of VEGF and CECs.It may be related with the effect of COE in inhibiting angiogenesis of tumor.

Objective To explore epicanthus correction by transverse incision method and concurrent double-eyelid incision operation.Methods The transverse straight-line incision was performed in new inner canthus to the original canthal corner point; after the original inner canthus corner point was reached,the oblique-line parallel incision was performed along the lower eyelid so that full subcutaneous separation was obtained on the upper and lower incision; the malpositioned isomerous orbicular muscle and thickened tissue were released and excised so that the epicanthus skin was naturally restored; the superficial head of the inner canthus ligament was folded and sutured when necessary ; after small cat ears at the temporal side of the inner canthal incision was removed,routine double eyelid plasty was then performed,but the double eyelid and the inner canthus incisions were not continuous.Results The procedures were clinically applied in 258 cases and followed up for 3-18 months,showing that the epicanthus has disappeared,new inner canthus was in good appearance,the scar was not obvious,recurrence of the epicanthus was not found and double eyelids were beautiful in appearance.Conclusions The epicanthus correction by transverse incision and concurrent double-eyelid plasty is a simple and ideal approach for correction of single-edged eyelid with epicanthus and it is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of nuvastatin on the high level of serum lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and itsclinical significance in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy. Methods In this study, 104 patients with microalbu-winuric type 2 diebetic h?phropathy) were divided into two groups randomly: the flu vastatin. group (zomg per day P.O. )and the control group. The efficacy at 6 weeks' beatment was evaluated. The serum Lp(a) concentration and the activityof tissue-type plasminogen activator(tPA ) and plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI) were measured by enzyme-linkedimmunosorbent assay and chromogenic substances assay respechtively in all of the patients. Results At the beginning. ser-um Lp(a ) level and PAI activity along with a low tPA activity were abnormally high in every patient. In addition, the levelof Ccr was unconventionally high. After 6 weeks,the level of serum Lp(a) and the activity of PAI and tPA were cowectedsignilicanily in the teated group compared with the other group(P

Low-triiodothyronine syndrome is a condition characterized by decreased total serum T 3 and free T3 , along with in-creased serum reverse triiodothyronine but normal levels of thyroxine and thyrotropin .However , it is not caused by the thyroid gland diseases.The latest research progress of mechanisms , diagnosis and clinical significance , and therapy strategy of low T 3 syndrome is reviewed in this paper .