Purpose To investigate the correlation of CT features with peripheral blood eosinophil count and proportion in eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG).Materials and Methods Seventeen cases of clinically confirmed EG were retrospectively analyzed.The lesions were observed based on CT findings,and the count and proportion of peripheral blood eosinophil were calculated.Results Among 17 cases of EG patients,2 cases had one lesion,the peripheral blood eosinophil count and proportion of which were (0.28±0.22)× 109/L and (4.85 ± 2.19)％,respectively;5 cases had two lesions,the eosinophil count and proportion of which were (3.19± 1.82)× 109/L,(37.04± 11.36)％,respectively;6 cases had three lesions,the eosinophil count and proportion of which were (3.93 ±2.37)× 109/L and (45.22±22.99)％,respectively;3 cases had four lesions,the eosinophil count and proportion of which were (6.48±0.34)× 109/L and (75.83± 9.33)％,respectively;1 case had seven lesions,the eosinophil count and proportion of which were 8.87× 109/L and 75.60％,respectively.Conclusion There is a certain correlation of the peripheral blood eosinophil count and proportion with EG lesions.When the count and proportion of peripheral blood eosinophil increase significantly,the range of lesions may become more extensive,which suggests the scope of endoscopy or imaging examinations should be expanded in clinical work.

Objective Clinical studies show that the level of C-reactive protein ( CRP ) markedly increases in the acute phase of cerebral hemorrhage .However , the correlation of the CRP level with early neurological deterioration ( END) in patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage remains unclear .This study investigated the correlation between CRP and END in basal ganglia hemorrhage . Methods This study included 142 cases of basal ganglia hemorrhage diagnosed by cranial CT between Jan 2010 and Dec 2012 .END was defined as any decrease in Canadian Stroke Scale ( CSS) score≥1 point in the first 48 hours after stroke onset .We compared the baseline data between the END and non-END patients and evaluated the correlation between CRP and END by logistic regression analy -sis. Results END was found in 31 (21.8%) of the 142 patients.Univariate analysis of the END versus non-END cases showed that hyperglycemia (29.03 vs 11.71%, P=0.018), neutrophil count ([11.8 ±1.2] vs [7.8 ±7.7] ×109/L, P=0.019), CRP (P=0.001), hematoma expansion (54.83 vs 19.81%, P=0.001), hematoma volume ([23.6 ±21.9] vs [14.8 ±12.7] mL, P=0.005), and intraventricular hemorrhage (68.75 vs 28.83%, P<0.001) were significantly associated with END .Logistic regression a-nalysis indicated that the CRP level (OR=1.072, 95%CI:1.034-1.112, P=0.001), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR=4.162, 95%CI: 1.498 -11.564, P =0.006), and hematoma expansion (OR=5.297, 95%CI:1.906-14.723, P=0.001) were correlated with END in the patients during their hospital stay .ROC analysis man-ifested the predictive value of the CRP level for END in basal ganglia hemorrhage (OR=0.812, 95%CI: 0.732 -0.891, P <0.001). Conclusion The elevated level of CRP is significantly correlated with END in patients with basal ganglia hemorrhage and therefore can be re-garded as a predictive factor for this condition .

Objective To investigate the effect of progressive neurological deterioration ( PND) of cerebral watershed infarction on early prognosis. Methods The consecutive patients with cerebral watershed infarction admitted in the Department of Neurology,Jinling Hospital,Nanjing University School of Medicine and their cerebral watershed infarctions confirmed by the imaging examination from March 2009 to March 2014 were enrolled. The clinical features, laboratory indicators and imaging features of internal watershed infarction,cortical-type watershed infarction,and mixed watershed infarction were identified and analyzed. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale was used to score neurological deficit. The modified Rankin scale ( mRS) was used to score the prognosis of patients. Single factor analysis was used to compare the differences between the groups. At the same time,the correlation between PND and poor prognosis of cerebral watershed infarction at day 90 was analyzed by multivariable Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 89 patients with cerebral watershed infarction were enrolled,including 43 cortical-type watershed infarctions,36 internal watershed infarctions, and 10 mixed watershed infarctions. Single factor analysis indicated that the incidences of PND of internal watershed infarction and mixed watershed infarction were significantly higher than the cortical-type watershed infarction (36. 1% [n=13],50. 0% [n=5], and 16. 3% [n=7],respectively;P=0. 018). At day 90,28 patients had poor prognosis,and mRS was (3.4±1. 0) scores at day 90. There was significant difference in the types of infarction between the patients with poor prognosis and patients with good prognosis (P<0. 05). In patients with poor prognosis, most of them were internal watershed infarctions,accounting for 50. 0% (14/28),while in patients with good prognosis,most of them were cortical-type watershed infarctions(57. 4% [35/61]). The incidence of PND in patients with poor prognosis was significantly higher than that in patients with good prognosis (57.1% [16/28] vs. 14. 8% [9/61];P<0. 05). The result of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factor, PND was independently associated with the poor prognosis of cerebral watershed infarction at day 90 (OR 6. 969,95%CI 2. 451-19. 869;P<0. 01). Conclusion Compared with the cortical-type watershed infarction, the patients with internal watershed infarction is more prone to have PND, and PND is independently correlate with the poor prognosis at day 90.

The factor analysis method applied in imaging mass spectrometry data analysis was studied. The imaging mass spectrometric data were obtained by air flow-assisted ionization imaging mass spectrometry method. The sample contained some symbols which were drawn on slides using three different inks ( red, blue, black) . The imaging data analyzed by factor analysis method were divided into the background, black, blue and red factor. The results showed that the scores of m/z=443. 2, 478. 4, 322. 2(344. 2) in red, blue, black factor respectively were much larger than others. Therefore, they were markers of three inks. The results accorded with actual condition well and proved that the application of factor analysis in imaging mass spectrometric data analysis was feasible. The data analysis results of factor analysis and principal component analysis were compared. The results showed that the target sample markers could be extracted by factor analysis simply and quantitatively. It was of great potential in biomarker extraction, diseases diagnose and pharmacological analysis.

Microneedles array based on micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology is one of important applications in biomedicine and brings a new means in biomedicine field. The prospect for the development of microneedles technology in precision drug injection, clinical monitoring and biochemistry test is and save broad. This paper describes three important applications of MEMS microneedles array in biomedicine field: biomedicine microneedles electrode, transdermal delivery of drugs and fluid extraction, and then summarizes their application elements and recent development. It explains the characteristics of microneedles, which provide painless, effective and save biomedical method in accordance with human requirements. In addition, a series of the fabrication technology of microneedles array is discussed.
Drug Delivery Systems ; instrumentation ; Equipment Design ; Humans ; Microelectrodes ; Microinjections ; instrumentation ; Miniaturization ; Nanotechnology ; Needles

Primary adrenal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma is clinically rare. This article reported a patient, who was diagnosed as primary adrenal small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma complicated with renal vein cancer thrombus, and underwent laparoscopic left adrenal + left kidney + left renal vein tumor embolectomy.The carcinoma relapsed after 19 months of follow-up after surgery. The patient and his family refused further treatment.

Purpose To explore the clinical features and multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) imaging characteristics of nodule-type and mass-type parotid eosinophilic lymphogranuloma,in order to improve the understanding of the disease.Materials and Methods The clinical and imaging data of 6 patients with nodule-type or mass-type parotid eosinophilic lymphogranuloma confirmed by surgery pathology in Chongqing Jiulongpo Chinese Medicine Hospital from June 2007 to March 2016 (experimental group) were retrospectively analyzed.Another 32 synchronous patients with Warthin tumor confirmed by surgery pathology were enrolled as the control group.MSCT conventional and enhanced scanning were performed on all these patients,and the clinical features and MSCT characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with patients with Warthin tumor,the value and percentage of peripheral eosinophil and serum IgE level increased in all the 6 patients (age ＜ 50) with eosinophilic lymphogranuloma,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).Compared with Warthin tumor,eosinophilic lymphogranuloma was often accompanied by ipsilateral parotid enlargement,neck deep fascia thickening and edge blurring,lesions reducing,and neck lymph node enlargement.The enhanced scanning of eosinophilic lymphogranuloma showed delayed enhancement,and the enhancement in venous phase and delayed-phase was significant;while Warthin tumor showed significant enhancement in arterial phase and contrast clearing features in delayed-phase.Conclusion The MSCT findings of eosinophilic lymphogranuloma characterized by nodules or masses shows features of inflammatory lesions,in which mass density is relatively uniform and presents delayed enhancement.Combining clinical manifestation with laboratory tests will contribute to distinguish eosinophilic lymphogranuloma and Warthin tumor.

Objective To investigate the related factors and prognosis of pulmonary hypertension (PAH) in hemodialysis (HD) patients for early diagnosis and intervention of PAH.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 183 long-term hemodialysis patients with complete follow-up data from January 1,2010 to December 30,2015 from the blood purification center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.The follow-up deadline was December 30,2017,and the endpoints were death and cardiovascular events.The clinical data,laboratory examinations,cardiac color Doppler ultrasound parameters and prognosis of patients with and without PAH were compared.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for PAH in HD patients.The survival rates were calculated by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival curves were compared by Log-rank test between the two groups.A multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine the association between PAH and all-cause mortality in HD patients.Results Of the 183 hemodialysis patients,79(43.2％) were female,104(56.8％) were male,and the age was (56.1±16.9) years,of which 72(39.3％) were complicated with PAH.Compared with the non-PAH group,patients in the PAH group was older and had a longer duration of dialysis (both P ＜ 0.05).The left atrial diameter (P=0.002) and the proportion of valvular calcification (P=0.004) were significantly higher in the PAH group than that in the non-PAH group.Logistic regression analysis showed increased age (OR=1.027,95％ CI 1.001-1.053,P=0.041) and increased duration of dialysis (OR=1.129,95％ CI 1.004-1.269,P=0.042) were risk factors for PAH in HD patients.After a median follow-up of 27.8 months,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that all-cause mortality was higher in the PAH group than that in the non-PAH group ~x2=5.636,P=0.018).The main cause of death in two groups was cardiovascular event.Afteradjusting for age,diabetes mellitus,duration of dialysis,valvular calcification,and hypertension,Cox regression showed that PAH increased the risk of all-cause mortality in HD patients (HR=1.894,95％ CI 1.083-3.313,P=0.025).Conclusions HD patients complicated with PAH are more common and the prognosis is poor.Increased age and increased duration of dialysis may be risk factors for PAH in HD patients.Regular color Doppler echocardiography is helpful for early detection and diagnosis of PAH.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors and clinical significance of high-resolution magnetic renounce imaging (HR-MRI) plaque enhancement in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic (ICAS) stenosis.Methods Patients with symptomatic ICAS stenosis confirmed by digital subtraction angiography and examined by HR-MRI were enrolled prospectively.The demographic data,vascular risk factors,laboratory tests,and imaging features of plaques were compared according to whether the plaques were enhanced or not.They were randomly divided into an ischemic stroke group and a transient ischemic attack (TIA) group according to the results of diffusion-weighted imaging.The relationship between plaque enhancement and ischemic stroke was analyzed.Results Thirty-fiwe patients with symptomatic ICAS stenosis were enrolled.Their mean age was 53 ± 13 years and 25 were males.There were 21 patientswith ischemic stroke and 14 patients with TIA;22 had plaque enhancement and 13 did not have.The leukocyte count ([7.50±2.30] × 109/L vs.[5.80± 1.00] × 109/L;t=2.487,P=0.018) and proportion of severe stenosis (86.4％ vs.53.8％;P =0.040) of the plaque enhancement group were significantly higher than those of the non-enhancement group.The proportion of smoking was significantly lower than the non-enhancement group (13.6％ vs.46.2％;P=0.050).The plaque enhancement rate of the ischemic stroke group was higher than that of the TIA group (71.4％ vs.50.0％;P =0.288),but there was no significant difference.Conclusions In patients with symptomatic ICAS,the degree of vascular stenosis and the leukocyte level were associated with plaque enhancement.In addition,there was no significant correlation between plaque enhancement and the occurrence of ischemic stroke in patients with symptomatic ICAS.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between the lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) level and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in patients with ischemic stroke.Methods:Consecutive patients with ischemic stroke admitted to the Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University from September 2021 to November 2021 and whose duration from onset to hospitalization <14 d were prospectively enrolled. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the serum LCN-2. Fazekas scale was used to assess the severity of periventricular and subcortical WMHs. A total WMHs score ≥3 was defined as severe WMHs. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation between serum LCN-2 level and WMHs. Results:A total of 179 patients were enrolled, including 122 males (68.2%), aged 64.7±11.6 years. The median serum LCN-2 level was 387.1 g/L, and 86 patients (48.0%) had severe WMHs. Serum LCN-2 in the severe WMH group was significantly higher than that in the non-severe WMH group (505.3±342.4 g/L vs. 367.8±224.5 g/L; t=3.110, P=0.002). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for the relevant confounding factors, there was a significant correlation between higher serum LCN-2 and severe WMHs (odds ratio 2.32, 95% confidence interval 1.17-4.63; P=0.017) and higher total WMHs score (odds ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.12-2.35; P=0.011). Conclusion:Higher serum LCN-2 level is associated with severe WMHs in patients with ischemic stroke.