ck.

Mechanical force has essential effects on cellular behaviors such as proliferation, migration and differentiation, and the mechanism of mechanotransduction is still one of the hot spots in mechanobiology study. Traditional methods could not provide accurate evaluation of the protein activation signal upon mechanical stress application. The development of fluorescence protein technology greatly promoted the understanding of mechanotransduction. In particular, genetically-encoded biosensors based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) technique has achieved a real-time dynamic observation of living cell signal protein activity, which provides a powerful tool for the in-depth study of biomechanics. In this paper, we provide a summary on recent progress of FRET application in biomechanics. Firstly we introduce the FRET technology, and then we summarize three methods to integrate the mechanical stimulation with the FRET imaging system on cell experiments. After that, the important progress of biomechanical research on signal pathway made by FRET technology, such as cytoskeleton, Rho family, calcium and cellular physical stress visualization, are also discussed. Finally, we point out the bottleneck of the future development in FRET technology, and also make the prospect of the application of FRET in mechanotransduction. In summary, FRET technology provides a powerful tool for the studies of mechanotransduction, which will advance our systematic understanding on the molecular mechanisms about how cells respond to mechanical stimulation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Biosensing Techniques ; Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; chemistry ; Mechanotransduction, Cellular ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Signal Transduction ; Stress, Mechanical

Objective To investigate the influence of inspired oxygen fraction (FiO2) on the ratio of PaO2/FiO2(P/F) during the implementation of lung protective ventilation strategy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS) in order to unravel its clinical significance. Method This was a prospective study of 16 selected patients with ARDS treated with mechanical ventilation ( MV ) to get ratio of P/F in range of 100 to 200 by PEEP≥5 cmH2O and high inspired oxygen. After lung recruitment maneuvers by BiPAP with high pressure (PH) of 40 cmH2O for40 s, the MV was maintained the basic requirement for stabilizing the patients for 30 minutes. A series of FiO2 were set at fractions of 0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9 and 1in random sequence, and the changes of respiratory mechanics, blood gas and hemodynamics under the different concentrations of FiO2 were analyzed by using SPSS version 13.0 software. Results ( 1 ) The ratio of P/F increased as FiO2 increased, and it's significant as FiO2 increased to 0.7 or above. As the fractions of FiO2 were set at 0.5 and 1. O, the ratios of P/F changed in 24.70% ± 23.36% respectively. ( 2 ) Of them,6 patients ( 37.5% ) treated with FiO2 set at 0.5 had the ratio of P/F ＜ 200, and the fraction of FiO2 was increased to 1.0, the P/F ＞ 200. (3) FiO2 and Qs/Qt were negatively correlated ( r = - 0.390, P = O. 027 ),the higher inspired oxygen fraction, the lower shunt. When the fractions of FiO2 were set at 0.5 and 1.0 ,there was a positive correlation between △Qs/Qt and △P/F( r = 0.82, P = 0.005 ). Conclusions The inspired oxygen fraction affects the ratio of P/F, which may be resulted from shunt and it may influence the diagnosis of ARDS.

Denture adhesive(DA)Protefix was used in 31 edentulous patients with complete denture.NRS evaluation showed that applica-tion of Protefix decreased the uncomfortable score(P <0.05)at 2 h,1 d,7 d after use.Protefix improved denture retention,stability and masticatory function.

Objective:To explore the anti-fatigue effect of Tibet maca in mice. Methods: The mice were respectively given the powder or the alcohol extract of Tibet maca. The lactic acid concentration in blood, serum lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH) , the time of weight loading swimming and serum urea ammonia level after the exercise in the mice were detected, and the anti-fatigue effect of the powder and the alcohol extract of Tibet maca was compared. Results: After the 30-day feeding, the serum LDH activity of the mice taking the powder or alcohol extract of Tibet maca was obviously higher than that of the mice in the control group(P<0. 05), the time of weight loading swimming was significantly longer than that in the control group (P<0. 05), and the blood lactic acid concentration after the exercise was obviously lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05). Conclusion: Tibet maca can improve the time of weight loading swimming of mice, and reduce the level of serum urea ammonia after exercise and blood lactic acid concentration, sug-gesting the powder and alcohol extract of Tibet maca have obvious anti-fatigue effect.

Objective To observe the real-time and short-term anti-hypertension efficacy of ear apex bloodletting plus acupoint thread embedding. Method Eighty-three eligible hypertension patients were randomized into group A of 28 cases, group B of 29 cases and group C of 26 cases. Group A was intervened by bloodletting at ear apex, group B was by acupoint thread embedding, and group C was by bloodletting at ear apex plus acupoint thread embedding. The blood pressure was recorded 5 min before intervention, as well as 5 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min following intervention, and the real-time anti-hypertension efficacy was compared. By analyzing the blood pressure before treatment and after 1-month treatment, the short-term anti-hypertension efficacy was compared. Result In group A and group C, the systolic and diastolic pressures at 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min after treatment were significantly different from that at 5 min before treatment (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 60.7% in group A, 51.7%in group B, and 80.8% in group C. The therapeutic efficacy of group C was significantly different from that of group A and B (P<0.05). The total effective rates for grade 1 and grade 2 hypertension were respectively 84.6%and 40.4%in group A, 76.9%and 31.3% in group B, and 100.0% and 64.3% in group C. In the three groups, the therapeutic efficacy for grade 1 hypertension was markedly different from that for grade 2 hypertension (P<0.05). Conclusion Bloodletting at ear apex can produce a significant anti-hypertension effect, and bloodletting at ear apex plus acupoint thread embedding is an effective method in treating hypertension.

Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a kind of abnormal proliferation of malignant tumor diseases originated in lymphocytes,which is the most common malignant tumor in children.Although stratified treatment has significantly improved the efficacy of ALL in children,but 15％-20％ of the patients still have ultimately relapsed due to the minimal residual disease(MRD).MRD refers to the leukemia patients after induction chemotherapy complete remission (or bone marrow transplant),in vivo residual morphology which could not be detected in trace amounts of leukemia cells.The detection methods of MRD mainly include flow cytometry,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immune repertoire sequencing.MRD level detection is of great important to judge the prognosis,and to guide the risk grouping and individual treatment,and so on.Now,the progress in the clinical application of MRD in children with ALL in recent years was reviewed.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological features of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who are return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) on scene. Methods According to Utstein style,we collected the clinical data of OHCA patients who are ROSC on scene from the pre-hospital on the call of 120 of Henan Provincial People ' s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016. We analyzed the data by SPSS 20.0 software. Results Among a total of 29 patients were enrolled,9(31.03%)were ROSC ≥ 6h,and 20 (68.97%)were ROSC < 6 h. There were no significant difference in the two groups in patients' age,sex,arrest location,witnessed by bystander,bystander CPR,initial arrest rhythm,etiology,the use of epinephrine. None of patients were survival in the group of ROSC≥6 h. The average length of hospital stay was(44.15 ± 34.16)hours, while the shortest length of hospital stay was 12.08 hours and the longest length of hospital stay was 125.75 hours. The ratio of emergency response time to the return to hospital time were 4.55 min ± 2.46 min vs 6.45 min ± 3.60 min,P=0.014 in all patients. The emergency response time consumes more time. Conclusion The hospitalized survival rate of ROSC patients is low. The occurrence of OHCA needs early prevention. The short-term survival(6 h)is not affected by the patients' basic situation and the first-aid situation.

Sera were collccted from mice immunized separately with schizonts, merozoitcs or different parasite stages, or from mice which had been recovered from Plasmodium yoelii yoelii infection. The effect of protection of cach serum against P. y. infection was assayed by passivc transfer technique. It was shown that only sera collected from mice which either had been trcated with chloroquine or had been naturally recovcred from P. y. infections can transfer certain dcgree of resistance to normal mice. The cffectivc sera delayed the appearance and the peak of parasitemia, and prolonged the survival time of the challenged mice. After these sera were fractionatcd by 50%(NH4)2SO4 precipitation, the prccipitated fraction showed similar degree of protection as the non-fractionated sera. Chloroquine-treated serum was shown to be able to inhibit the invasion of new erythrocytes by marozoite in vitro. 35S-methionine-labelcd antigens were precipitated by protective or non-protective sera and the bands were compared on SDS-PAGE and autoradiogram. Since thc antigcn bands of 245, 210, 190, 156 and 130 KD can only bc precipitated by protective sera but not by non-protectivc sera, it is possible that the protection of chloroquine-treated serum is induced by the specific antibodies against the above antigens.

This paper reports reaction of Bacillus lichendermis on the inhibitor vacations. The result Shows that, inhibition of the 500?g/mL of cephalosporin 1000?g/mL of penicillin, 500?g/mL of streptimycin, on the Bacillus Licheniformis,Whe the Phis 7.0. This provides a sicentific basis for using the preparation of Bacillus licheniformis.