Acute leukemia (AL) is a malignant disease of clonal hematopoietic stem cell abnormalities.Chemotherapy is the main method for the treatment of AL,but the chemotherapy drug resistance has become a major obstacle to successful treatment.There is often a series of drug cooccurrence of drug resistance,and that is multidrug resistance.

The major progress on the study of etiology of the Hirschsprung's disease is the genetic factots and the aherations of microenvironment in primarily embryogenic period.The genetic factors comprise of RETGDNF system.EDNRB.EDN3 system,and many other genes involving in the formulation of the tormer two svstems.such as SOX10,NRG-1, FoxD3,PHOX2B,HOXB5,ZFHXIB,all of which file essencial for the migration and differentiation of neural crest cells(NCC).The alterations of microenvironment in primarily embryogenic period include interstitial ceLls of cajal(ICC),cell adhesion molecules(CAMLl),Ca2+ and so on.Definitely,CAML1 plays as the basis of NCC's migration and differentiation,and the decline of the Ca2+dependent channel's expression brings about the anolnaloug contraction of smooth muscle.

Objective To argue whether the Chinese version of Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) can be used to evaluate emotional intelligence of nursing students through studying its reliability and validity,and provide basis for the study of emotional intelligence of nursing students.Methods Using stratified random sampling method,Chinese version of EIS compiled by Wang Caikang was used to carry out the questionnaire survey among university and college students of different nursing specialty,using Cronbach coefficient alpha and factor analysis method to study the reliability and validity.Results Each dimension and total reliability of the Chinese version of EIS were 0.735,0.815,0.801,0.790,0.821.Through the principal component analysis,four common factors were extracted,the cumulated variance contribution of the four factors was 55.468％.Conclusions Chinese version of EIS has good reliability and validity,which is fully applicable to nursing students' emotional intelligence research.

The effective guarantee of the supply of low-price medicine in common use is of great significance for the protection of public health, the safeguard of social equality and the smooth progress of new healthcare reform. On the basis of the governance tools theory, the paper focuses on an analysis of approaches to combine and optimize the diverse utilization of governance tools in order to integrate the means of supply of the low-price medicine in com-mon use. In other words, the paper utilizes the ‘Voluntary-Directive-Mixed’ governance tools framework to provide possible solutions for the supply of low-price medicine in common use, namely, the locations of the voluntary tools ( household and community, volunteers, and market) , the directive tools ( government command-control regulation, establishment of public enterprises, and direct provision) , and the mixed tools ( information disclosure and advice, subsidies, auctions of property rights, tax and user charge) . Lastly the paper proposes specific policy suggestions in four aspects to confirm the total strategy of guaranteeing the supply of low-price medicine in common use:clever use of price leverage, improvements to procurement methods, establishment of an information disclosure system for medi-cine price, and a confirmation of government subsidies and industrial policy strategies.

Objective:To evaluate the utilization of oral hypoglycemic drugs in 34 hospitals of Nanjing to provide clinical reference for the drug rational use. Methods: According to the sales data of oral hypoglycemic drugs in 34 hospitals of Nanjing from 2011 to 2013,the utilization of oral hypoglycemic drugs was analyzed retrospectively in respect of consumption sum,DDDs and defined daily cost ( DDC) by daily dose limit analysis method. Results: The top 3 oral hypoglycemic drugs in the list of consumption sum were acarbose,glimepiride and metformin. In terms of DDDs,glimepiride, metformin and gliclazide ranked the top 3. The consumption sum and DDDs of oral hypoglycemic drugs were increased year by year in Nanjing. The ratio of serial number of consumption sum and DDDs was from 0. 3 to 2. 0. Conclusion: The demanded quantity of oral hypoglycemic drugs is increased year by year from 2011 to 2013. The application conforms to the safe, effective and economic principle. The drugs should be chosen according to the drug characteristics in order to improve the abnormal glucose metabolism and prevent and treat the complications.

Objective To explore the right timing of mechanical ventilation in patients with bronchial asthma in emergency room.Methods A total of 67 patients with bronchial asthma undergoing mechanical ventilation were admitted into our Emergency Intensive Care Unit (EICU) from January 2010 to December 2012.According to PaCO2 before intubation,they were divided into 3 groups of low levels of PaCO2 [PaCO2 ≤35 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa)] (n =19),normal PaCO2 (35 mmHg ＜ PaCO2 ＜ 45 mmHg) (n =21) and high PaCO2 (PaCO2 ≥ 45 mmHg) (n =27).Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.Results The in-hospital mortality of three groups were 5.3％ (1/19),9.5％ (2/21) and 14.8％ (4/27) and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =1.16,P ＞ 0.05).However the average duration of mechanical ventilation of three groups were (5.6 ± 1.7),(8.3 ± 2.1) and (13.5 ±3.6) days and the difference was statistically significant (F =3.36,P =0.042).The average ICU treatment time was (7.4 ± 2.1),(11.5 ± 3.3) and (16.4 ± 3.5) days and the difference was statistically significant (F =3.23,P =0.047).PaCO2 levels before intubation was positively correlated with the duration of mechanical ventilation and the ICU treatment time (r2 =0.366,0.316,P =0.031,0.029).Conclusion The patients with bronchial asthma undergoing intubation in right time in emergency room will affect the duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU treatment time.

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) has already been a mature and an effective treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Clinically,it is very important to quickly and accurately evaluate the postoperative curative effect with minimally invasive technique so as to determine the next treatment options.At present,postoperative conventional CT and MRI are the main means to assess the curative effect of TACE,but it is a pity that after the treatment the functional changes of the tumor occur earlier than the morphological changes.In recent years,functional MRI techniques,such as diffusionweighted imaging (DWI),multi-b value DWI,dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging,etc.have been more and more used for quantitative evaluation of the diffusion of water molecules and the blood microcirculation perfusion within the tumor tissue,and some progresses have been achieved in the evaluation of curative efficacy for tumor.This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about the research progress of the above mentioned functional imaging methods as well as their current application status in evaluation of the curative effect of TACE.

OBJECTIVE:To introduce water processing treatment technology and equipment for hospital manufacturing laboratory.METHODS:According to the relevant standards recorded in China Pharmacopoeia and electric conductivity,water quality of purified water manufactured by3kinds of techniques were evaluated.The advantages and disadvantages of these techniques were compared with regard to the utilization of source water,convenience of operation,environmental pollution,and so on.RESULTS:Purified water manufactured by these3kinds of techniques all met the standards recorded in China Phar?macopoeia,best quality was obtained by the technique of combining ion exchange with first order reverse osmosis,the next in order is obtained through the combination of second order reverse osmosis with electrode ionization(EDI).The purified water could be distilled to be water for injection which meets the standard in China Pharmacopoeia.CONCLUSION:Combination of second order reverse osmosis with EDI is the optimal water processing technique considering quality of purified water,utiliza?tion of source water,convenience of operation,environmental pollution and so on.Multiple distillation technology is the main artwork to prepare water for injection.

Objective:To establish the drug release determination conditions and method for phencynonate hydrochloride extended release tablets. Methods:The drug release of the tablets was determined by HPLC using a Diamonsil C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid-triethylamine (270∶400∶1. 3∶2), the detection wavelength was 220 nm, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the column temperature was 30 ℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. The effects of different release apparatus, release media and rotation speeds on the release of phencynonate hydrochloride extended-release tablets were studied as well. Results:The established drug release determination method had a good linear relationship within the range of 0. 3-5. 0 μg· ml-1(r=0. 999 8), and the average recovery was 100. 6%(RSD=1. 16%, n=15). Under the conditions of 900ml pH 3. 0 phos-phate buffer solution as the release medium, rotation speed of 50 r·min-1 and the settlement basket as the apparatus, the release be-havior of the product was complied with a zero-level model in vitro, and the release equation was as follows:Q=6. 141 2t-9. 328 7(r=0. 996). Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and reliable, and suitable for the quality control of phencynonate hydrochlo-ride extended-release tablets.

Objective:To enhance the ability of organizing, commanding, decision-making and contingency-meeting of campaign medical support commanding officers so as to qualify them for their positions by simulation training. Methods: Based on the decision support theory, modern medical support theory, health service optimized decision support system and medical support command simulation training system, we designed and constructed a simulation training platform for medical support decision optimization. Results: A network-based simulation training platform was successfully constructed, which gives a strong support to the simulation training in medical support decision optimization under the network circumstance. Conclusion: The application of the simulation training platform has enriched the content and renewed the pattern of training in decision optimization for campaign medical support commanding officers.