Objective To evaluate the effct of full increase of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy on esophageal carcinoma.Methods 86 Esophageal cancer patients which has been pathologically confirmed were randomly divided into study group and control group.The control group showed in tumor invasion scope simulator under barium meal positioning,with three fields outside irradiation;Total dose of DT with 63～70 Gy,35 times,seven weeks to complete.Study group showed that full use of additional 3D treatment planning system design individualized treatment programs,90% of the dose contains all planned target volume,future confonnal irradiation DY 44～50 Gy,after the wild-shrinkage increases to a total dose DT66～75 Gy,30 times,completed six weeks.Results The study group and the control group after radiotherapy in a local control rates were 86.4%and 64.3%(x2=4.5420,P＜0.05).Overall response rate(CR+PR)in two group were 93.2%and 76.2%(x2=3.6014,P=0.0577).Two toxicity of the difference was not significant.Conclusion The increase in full three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy of esophageal emleer in the near future is better than conventional methods.

Objective To discuss the feasibility of double-low technique applied in aortic MSCTA.Methods Totally 70 patients with BMI not more than 25 kg/m2 were divided into a routine group and an experimental group randomly and equally,and then went through aortic MSCTA.Iohexol (350 mgI/ml) was injected with the velocity of 4 ml/s.The routine group had the parameters as 120 kV,120 mAs and 1.5 ml/kg contrast agent,and the experimental group had the parameters as 90 kV,120 mAs and 1.0 ml/kg contrast agent,while the other scanning parameters were kept the same in the two groups.The radiation doses,contrast agent doses and iodine contents were recorded in the two groups,and the image quality was assessed with double-blind method objectively and subjectively.Results The experimental group had the CT dose index volumes (CTDIvol),dose length product (DLP) and effect dose (ED) significantly lower than those in the routine group (P＜0.05).The two groups had the consistency of subjective scores (Kappa＞0.6) and image quality scores (not lower than 2) meet the desired requirements,and there were no significant differences between the scores (P＞0.05).Objective evaluation showed that the signal values of aortic trunk and major branch vessels as well as image noise SD of the experimental group were obviously higher than those in the routine group (P＜0.05).There were no statistical differences between the signal noise ratios (SNR) and contrast to noises (CNR) in the two groups (P＞0.05),The iodine content in the contrast agent of the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the routine group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Double-low technique applied in aortic MSCTA of the patient with BMI not more than 25 kg/m2 reduces the radiation dose and iodine content in the contrast agent,has the image quality meet the desired requirements,and thus is of great value for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of surgical treatment of acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower limbs. Methods Twenty four cases with DVT were treated with a 2～3cm incision at the cross of superficial and deep femoral veins to take the thrombasis out. Moulding thrombasis were pulled up with ova circular tongs, and fragmented thrombi were spilled out of the incision with the prelum arteriol winding from foot to thigh. The artery was rinsed with heparinized saline for three minuets till the femoral vein was completely unobstructed. The vein was sutured, and the wound was drained under negative pressure. Results The near future effects: Limb swelling and pain disappeared in seventeen cases, conditions turned for the better in six cases, and there was no improvement in one case. The long term effects: Twenty one were followed up for an average of one year and three months. All patients had excellent walking and standing except two cases who suffered lower limb swelling and pain occasionally. Conclusions The operation of vein thrombectomy is a simple, easy and excellent approach to treat DVT, especially within six days after the the condition.

Objective To strengthen the understanding of the imaging features in congenital aberrant left pulmonary artery (CALPA). Methods All 4 patients underwent chest film and Doppler echocardiography. Thres cases were examined by enhanced spiral CT examination. In addition, MRI and DSA were performed in 2 cases respectively. Thres cases were proven by surgery or autopsy. Results (1) appearances on chest films included cardiomegaly, pulmonary overvascularity, left hilum a little lower than the right one, emphysema, atelectasis, and pneumonia. (2) bronchography showed stenosis of trachea and/or bronchia. (3) Barium esophagram showed an imprint on the left anterior wall of esophagus. (4) Contrast-enhanced spiral CT and MRI showed marked dilatation of main pulmonary artery (MPA) and the root of MPA extended backward to become right pulmonary artery (RPA), the left pulmonary artery (LPA) arose from the RPA directly. (5) echocardiography indicated LPA arose from RPA. (6) DSA showed MPA was marked dilated, and LPA arose from RPA. (7) other abnormalities included 3 PDA, 2 PLSVC, and ~1 ASD. Conclusion CT and MRI are the best methods to diagnose CALPA.

Objective To discuss the radiological characteristics and improve the diagnostic ability of SARS in children. Methods The clinical data and X-ray findings of 35 SARS cases who hospitalized during Jan, 2003～Apr, 2003 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Chest X-ray features were as follows: massive consolidation (27 cases, 77.1%), pulmonary interstitial infiltration (6 cases, 17.1%), and mixed pattern (2 cases, 5.7%). There were two patients with emphysema, but no patient with lung abscess or pleural lesion. The radiological dynamic changes showed that the lesions of lung appeared early, the severest period was between the fifth day and the seventh day, the X-ray findings were not consistent with physical sign, and the absorption of lesion was slower than the clinical process. Conclusion There are some certain radiographic characteristic in children with SARS. A correct diagnosis can be made by closely combining the X-ray findings with clinical and laboratory results.

Objective To investigate the value of spleen stiffness measured by transient elastography (FibroScan,FS) for diagnosing esophageal-gastric varices in liver cirrhosis patients.Methods A total of 259 cirrhotic patients in Tianjin Third Central Hospital from Apr 2011 to Apr 2012,and 30 healthy controls were enrolled.All the patients and controls were evaluated for spleen and liver stiffness by FS and 201 cirrhotic patients also underwent gastroscopy for the diagnosis of esophageal-gastric varices.By using gastroscopy as the gold standard,the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of three parameters including spleen stiffness,liver stiffness and platelet/thickness of spleen were delineated for different disease stage.The areas under curves (AUC) were used to evaluate the value of these parameters in the diagnosis of esophageal-gastric varices.Results The spleen and liver stiffness values in cirrhotic patients were (44.64 ± 22.27) kPa and (24.27 ±18.89) kPa,respectively,while those in healthy controls were (20.94± 14.78) kPa and (6.12±5.77) kPa,respectively,which were both lower than cirrhotic patients (P＜0.05).The stiffness values of liver and spleen both increased with higher Child-Pugh scores.And the liver stiffness values were different among groups (F=0.068,P =0.000),while the spleen stiffness values in patients with Child-Pugh A and B were different from that in patients with Child-Pugh C (P＜0.05).In patients with moderate or serious esophageal-gastric varices,the spleen and liver stiffness values were significantly higher.The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of spleen stiffness,liver stiffness and platelet/thickness of spleen in the patients with moderate to serious esophageal-gastric varices were 0.918,0.749 and 0.743,respectively.The corresponding optimal cut-off values were 50.7 kPa,20.1 kPa and 1.65.The AUC,sensitivity and specificity of spleen stiffness were all higher than liver stiffness and platelet/thickness of spleen.Conclusion Spleen stiffness measured by transient elastography is a valuable parameter for non-invasive diagnosis of esophageal-gastric varices in cirrhotic patients.

The poly ester-amide (PEA) nanofiber membrane was prepared by electrospinning and the surface topography of nanofiber membrane was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). It was found that with the increasing of spinning fluid concentration from 10% to 20%, the diameter of prepared fibers was increased from 180 nm to 305 nm. The chemical structure of PEA was detected by infrared spectrum, which showed that electrospinning had no significant effect on PEA. X-ray diffraction spectrogram and differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the crystallinity of PEA was decreased after electrospinning. Mechanical property test demonstrated that the mean breaking strength and elongation at break of PEA nanofiber membrane with (0.50±0.05) mm thickness were (1.00±0.18) MPa, and (18.20±2.86)%, respectively. MTT results showed that the endothelial cells proliferated actively on the PEA nanofiber membrane, and presented good adhesive and growth status.

Objective To perform expression and to detect immunogenicity of Clostridium difficile Toxin B receptor binding zone(CD3).Methods The clostridium difficile toxin B C-terminal repeated gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET 22b(+),and the recombinant plasmid pET 22b(+)CD3 was then transformed into E.coli strainBL21(DE3).The E.coli strainBL21(DE3) containing pET22b(+)CD3 was induced with IPTG and analyzed with SDS PAGE.Results A 71.3 ku protein was harvested after inducing with IPTG and thin layer scanning which takes 34% of the total bacterial protein,22.7% of the supernatant and 24.9% of the inclusion body.The contentration of recombinant protein is 0.781 g/L identified by Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 chromatometry method.Conclusion The high expression and purification of clostridium difficile toxin B receptor gene lay a foundation for the further study on CD3 function and clostridium difficile vaccine.

Objective:To isolate and culture the pulp cells from human young permanent teeth (pDPC),and to observe their biological characteristics and the expression of some specific markers,and to induce these pulp cells to differentiate into osteoblast, adipocyte, neuron and chondrocyte lineages. Methods:Pulp cells were isolated and cultured from orthodontic extracted premolars of children. The attached cells after at least 3 passages were used for the following experiments:1. Morphology and ultrastructure analysis; 2. Cell cycle and phenotype were analyzed by flowcytometry; 3. Growth curve were recorded;4. pDPC were induced to differentiate into osteoblast,adipocyte,neuron in vitro,and were identified by histochemical methods and RT-PCR. Results: 1. Attached pDPCs were fibrablast-like cells,which were distinguished from BMSC. 2. The cell organs in dDPCs were well developed. 3. pDPCs were highly positive for CD90, CD44, CD147,which are mesenchymal stem-cell markers,but were negative for other markers including CD34, CD38, CD45, HLA-DR. 4. pDPCs showed high growth rate. 5. pDPCs could be induced to differentiate into osteoblast, adipocyte, and neuron lineages,but not chondrocyte lineages. Conclusion:pDPCs were characterized by their ability to proliferate with high growth rate in vitro. The expression of some BMSC markers in these cells were observed. They showed the potential to differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages such as osteoblst,adipocyte, neuron lineages under specific conditions in vitro.