Unique totipotency of embryonic stem cell make it great value.Embryonic stem cells have received extensive attention from the discovery,research to application.This paper outlined the discovery of embryonic stem cell and the challenges faced in the progress of the study and research process,focusing on the ethical issues.Meanwhile,this paper analyzed the attitude of various governments,the status of the relevant laws and regulations in order to discuss the prospects of stem cell re

Objective In order to explore the incidence of PTSD and its risk factors after flood. Methods Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Ⅳ Edition) was used to examine and diagnose the victims in flood district. Results The positive rate of PTSD was 30 9%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that sex(OR=2 32), age (OR=1 83),style of flood (OR=3 71)and dissatisfaction for sustaining (OR=0 84)were risk factors. Conclusions PTSD is a common mental disorder after flood in our country. Preventive measures should be taken to protect population from PTSD in flood district.

Objective:To explore the incidence of PTSD and its risk factors among adults in flood district.Methods:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(Ⅳ Edition) were used to examine and diagnose the victims.Results:The positive rate of PTSD was 33.8%.The results of logistic regression analysis showed that style of flood (OR=4.07),having been besieged by the flood when waiting for resue(OR=2.65),seeing other people drowned by flood(OR=2.77),having the experience of staying with the dead in flood(OR=3.14) and level of satisfaction with sustaining(OR=0.72) were risk factors.Conclusion:PTSD is a not uncommon mental disorder among adults in flood district in our country and psychosocial intervention is needed.

Objective: To observe the oral care effects of finger toothbrush. Methods: The finger toothbrush worn on the index finger was made of silica gel .It was used to brush the in vitro healthy teeth pulled out on the same day and the standard hard plaster tooth model and to brush the in vivo healthy teeth in adults; the bacteria in the finger toothbrush, The dentofacial pluque and the abrasion on the tooth model were tested respectively. Results: After in vivo use the bacteria remained in the finger toothbrush were fewer than those in the commonly used toothbrush(1 683.24?1 355.59 and 2 353.76?1 582.06 respectively). The dentofacial plaque was decreased in the same extent by the two kinds of toothbrushes. The zero rate of abrasion on the tooth model was 93.3%(28/30) by finger toothbrush and 23.3%(14/30) by the commonly used toothbrush. Conclusion: The finger toothbrush worn on finger can remove dentofacial plaque effectively and produce a lower abrasion on tooth.

Twelve community nursing managers were interviewed.The consensus was reached that there should be 4 main themes concerning evaluation indicators of community nursing quality:necessity,content,format and expectation.The interviewed nursing managers expressed their need for a system of community nursing quality evaluation,and those indicators should be comprehensive,concrete and practical.The format of evaluation should facilitate the development of nursing quality and the criteria should meet the requirements of Minister of Health and international standards.

A biomedical entity association evolution network was constructed by mining the implicit associations in PubMed-covered literature, which can help scientific researchers to form new scientific hypotheses, to analyze the topological features of associated network, to study the scientific literature-enriched knowledge structure, associa-tions, development rules, to introduce new visual angles and methods for literature-based knowledge discovery, and to improve the knowledge discovery efficiency.

Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of young patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), discuss the key points of health education in young patients with AMI, enhance the understanding of patients, and improve the prognosis of AMI in the young patients. Methods: hTe patients were chosen in XiangyaHospital from September 2012 to September 2013. We consulted the medical records, analyzed the clinical characteristics and results of coronary angiogram in young patients (age≤45), and compared with old patients (age≥60). Results: There were 69 young patients with AMI, about 14.2% of all the patients with AMI. Of the 69 young patients, 59 were male (85.5%) and 10 were female (14.5%). Compared with the old patients, the percentages of smoking, drinking, hyperlipidemia and overweight were much higher;the percentages of hypertension and diabetes were much lower in young patients. The coronary angiogram showed that the constituent ratios of insigniifcant disease and single-vessel disease inthe young patients were higher than those in the old patients; the constituent ratios of double-vessel disease and triple-vessel disease in the young patients were lower than those in the old patients. Conclusion: The clinical characteristics of young patients withAMI are different from the old patients.Health education should be conducted in the youth, and new diet and lifestyle should be advocated.

The particularity and complexity of medical support in the United Nations peacekeeping operations bring various ethical problems to medical staff of the second-grade peacekeeping hospitals during their work.This paper analyzed the ethical dilemma in terms of the relevant provisions of the United Nations,the medical humanitarianism principle,lack of medical resources and the principle of fairness,emergency treatment and informed consent,cultural differences and the principle of optimal health,occupational protection requirements and respect to the human rights.In addition,it discussed the countermeasures from personnel selection,the laws and regulations,the training of medical norms and foreign customs,the concept of “patient-centered”,and the humanitarian treatment,providing a theoretical basis for solving the problems of medical support in peacekeeping operations.

Objective To investigate the role of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) in partial pathologic process of lung injury in rat models of fat embolism syndrome (FES).Methods A total of 120 healthy male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to control group and FES group which was subgrouped at 4,6,12,24,and 48 hours with 20 mice per group,according to the random number table.Allogeneic perinephric fat was injected to rat caudal veins in FES groups.Lung samples were harvested from each group to examine pathological morphology and lung weight to dry ratio (W/D) to verify the FES models and observe the pathologic process.Expression of AQP4 was detected by western blot and immunohistochemistry.Additional 36 C57BL/6J mice were divided into control group,DMSO group,FES 12-hour group,and AQP4 inhibitor group according to the random number table,with 9 mice per group.Pathologic process of FES-induced lung injury was detected after the inhibition of AQP4.Results Damage to lung tissues was notable in FES group compared with control group.Lung W/D value was 5.06 ± 1.23,5.22 ± 1.58,6.18 ± 1.65,and 5.07 ± 0.31 at 6,12,24,and 48 hours respectively,which was higher than 3.16 ± 1.58 in control group (F =3.62,P ＜ 0.05).Expression of AQP4 was 1.71 ± 1.05 at 12 hours and 1.28 ± 0.68 at 24 hours in FES group,which showed significantly increase when compared with 0.65 ±0.08 in control group (F =4.12,P ＜0.01),whereas at 4 hours (0.76 ± 0.36),6 hours (1.17 ± 0.60),and 48 hours (0.85 ±0.45) in FES group,no statistical difference was observed when compared to control group.W/D value in FES 12-hour group (5.22 ± 1.17),DMSO group (4.96 ±1.66),and AQP4 inhibitor group (3.25 ± 1.19) was higher than 3.03 ± 1.68 in control group (F =3.69,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,there was no statistical difference between DMSO and FES 12-hour groups,but significantly lowered W/D value was observed in AQP4 inhibitor group than in FES 12-hour group.Conclusion AQP4 may be implicated in mitigating lung injury induced by FES.