Objective To investigate the key points of nursing during the course of breast tumor excision by endoscope. Method Summarized the nursing points of 24 patients who have accepted the breast tumor excision by endoscope. Results The key points of successful operation were sufficient preparation before the operation, the special skills of nurses, exactly and quickly transfer instruments and expert cooperation. Conclusion Paving attention on psychological nursing, the correct and skillful nursing care can reduce the operation time, and then make sure the successful operation.

Objective To investigate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis.Methods 15 patients who were diagnosed as pulmonary cryptococcosis were retrospectively studied,all of them were examined by sputum smear,X ray,CT and EBUS-TBNA.Results 15 patients who received EBUS-TBNA were diagnosed pulmonary cryptococcosis by pathological methods and germiculture,during the process no complication was detected.Conclusion EBUS-TBNA is a safe and effective means in the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis for pulmonary cryptococcosis patients hard to be diagnosed clinically.

Chronic constipation(CC)is one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders. Treatment of CC includes drug and non-drug treatment. Biofeedback(BF)is a psychological behavior therapy and has become the first-line therapy of CC. However,the efficacy of BF reported varied substantially. This article reviewed the evaluation of efficacy of BF on CC.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy

Although the percentage of preterm infants developing intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) has been greatly re-duced in the past three decades, increased survival of extremely preterms has meant that severe IVH with subsequent posthae-morrhagic hydrocephalus is still one of the serious unsolved problems for managements of preterms. Therapeutic interventions for posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus include serial lumbar punctures, repeated aspiration through a ventricular access device, ventriculoperitoneal shunting, drainage, irrigation and fibrinolytic therapy, diuretic therapy treatment to reduce cerebrospinal fluid production, intraventricular fibrinolytic therapy, etc. This review summarizes the current concepts on the pathophysiology, inter-vention indications, and the effectiveness and safety of different interventions of subsequent posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the changes in and clinical significance of C-reactive protein(CRP) and endotoxin in patients who are firstly examined in fever clinic.METHODS To review and study the results of CRP and endotoxin from 81 patients(including 48 patients who were diagnosed as bacterial pneumonia and 33 patients who were diagnosed as a cold) in fever clinic of our hospital in 2005.RESULTS In 81 bacterial infection patients, the analysis indicated the levels of endotoxin between the pneumonia patients and the patients with a cold had significant difference.And the levels in the first group were significantly higher than in the latter one.The levels of CRP had no difference in two groups.CONCLUSIONS The result indicates plasma endotoxin detection helps to determine the early diagnosis of serious infection.It is also of significance to select antibacterial rationally and handle syndrome in time.In fever clinic,the levels of endotoxin may be a method to help diagnosis and treatment.CRP could be help to estimate the bacterial infection or virus infection,but it could not adjudge the seriousness in bacterial infection.

Objective:To study the feasibility and reliability of using phosphorylated H2AX(?H2AX)as a predictor for sensitivity of hepatic carcinoma cell HepG2.215 to chemotherapy agents: etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin, and cisplatin. Methods: HepG2.215 cells were exposed to etoposide, doxorubicin, mitomycin or cisplatin of 1, 2, 4 and 20 concentration index (CI). Untreated HepG2.215 cells were taken as control. The proportion of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX was measured by flow cytometry, the number of ?H2AX foci in HepG2.215 cells was measured by immunocytochemistry, and cell proliferation was measured by MTT. The correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells was analyzed; the correlation of CI with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was analyzed; and the correlation of inhibitory rate of cell praliferation with the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX or ?H2AX foci was also analyzed. Results: There was a positive correlation between the number of ?H2AX foci and the percentage of HepG2.215 cells expressing ?H2AX in HepG2.215 cells after treatment with the above 4 agents (all P

Interspinous process device is a kind of non-fusion implant for posterior spinal surgery.It is classified by static system and dynamic system according to its characteristics.With rapid development of internal fixator manufacture,materials for interspinous process device become increasing,such as bone allograft,titanium,poly(ether-ether-ketone) and lactoprene composite.A large number of experimental and clinical researches reveal the advantages of this technology in degenerative spinal stenosis,intervertebral original lower back pain,facet syndrome,protrusion of intervertebral disk,and lumbar instability.However,there are still many problems such as the influence on the lumbar posterior column,the mechanism to lumbar disc and the effect on the stability of spine etc.In addition,the clinical indications need to validate by long-term follow up.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and value of automatic segmentation of infant brain images based on diffusion tensor image (DTI).Methods A method of segmentation of infant brain based on DTI images was proposed.The method was mainly included two stages:①Extracting the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using the distribution of water;②Extracting the white matter (WM) adopting the anisotropic diffusion of water in neurons,followed by distinguishing the gray matter (GM) component.Results Through the feature selection method designed in this study,the effective DTI feature combination was selected.The first step was to extract CSF with mean diffusity (MD) and the third eigenvalue (L3),and the second step was to extract WM and GM with fractional anisotropy (FA) and the L3.The highest average similarity was obtained by the two steps.The two-step segmentation could be successfully performed in infant brain image segmentation and satisfied with the split effect.Conclusion The automatic segmentation of infant brain based on DTI in this study is reasonable and feasible,and has high segmentation accuracy.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Early diagnosis and intervention is the key to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Expression of miR-20a is up-regulated in the circulating blood of gastric cancer patients,cancer tissues and cell lines,and has been demonstrated to be closely related to the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of gastric cancer. MiR-20a promotes the proliferation of gastric cancer cells,regulates the self-renewal of gastric cancer stem cells,and induces chemoresistance via a variety of mechanisms. Detection of serum/ plasma miR-20a alone or in combination with other miRNAs is helpful for the early diagnosis and prediction of progression,relapse and prognosis of gastric cancer. MiR-20a has the potential to be used as a novel and noninvasive biomarker for gastric cancer.