To study reliability and reliable indices of quantitative assessment of right ventricular systolic function by time-intensity curve (TIC) with right ventricular contrast, 5% sonicated human albumin was injected intravenously at a does of 0.08 ml/kg into 10 dogs at baseline status and cardiac insufficiency. Apical four-chamber view was observed for washin and washout of contrast agent from right ventricle. The parameters of TIC were obtained by curve fitting. The differences of parameters were analyzed in different states of cardiac functions. Among the parameters derived from TIC, the time constant (k) was decreased significantly with decline of cardiac function (P<0.001). But half-time of decent of peak intensity (HT) and mean-transit-time (MTT) of washout were increased significantly (P<0.001). The k was strongly related to cardiac output of right ventricle (CO) and ejection fraction (EF) of left ventricle and fractional shortening (FS) of left ventricle. Right ventricular systolic function could be assessed reliably by the parameters derived from TIC with right ventricular contrast echocardiography. The k, HT and MTT are reliable indices for quantitative assessment of right ventricular systolic function.
Blood Flow Velocity/physiology ; Cardiac Output ; Contrast Media ; Echocardiography ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Indicator Dilution Techniques ; Reproducibility of Results ; Systole ; Ventricular Function, Right/*physiology

Objective To determine whether endogenous endothelin(ET) plays a role in the echocardiographic evaluation of the flow-dependent epicardial coronary vasodilation induced by reactive hyperemia(RH) after blockade of nitric oxide(NO) formation. Methods In six anesthetized open-chest dogs, changes in internal diameter of the left anterior descending coronary artery(LAD) induced by RH were investigated via echocardiography before intracoronary infusion of GN-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME), after blockade of NO formation by L-NAME, and after L-NAME plus intracoronary infusion of BQ-123, an ETA receptor blocker.Results Before intracoronary infusion of L-NAME, the diameter of LAD increased significantly from((2.24)?(0.21))mm to ((2.51)?(0.23))mm (P

To study reliability and reliable indices of quantitative assessment of right ventricular systolic function by time-intensity curve (TIC) with right ventricular contrast, 5% sonicated human albumin was injected intravenously at a does of 0.08 ml/kg into 10 dogs at baseline status and cardiac insufficiency. Apical four-chamber view was observed for washin and washout of contrast agent from right ventricle. The parameters of TIC were obtained by curve fitting. The differences of parameters were analyzed in different states of cardiac functions. Among the parameters derived from TIC, the time constant (k) was decreased significantly with decline of cardiac function (P<0.001). But half-time of decent of peak intensity (HT) and mean-transit-time (MTT) of washout were increased significantly (P<0.001). The k was strongly related to cardiac output of right ventricle (CO) and ejection fraction (EF) of left ventricle and fractional shortening (FS) of left ventricle. Right ventricular systolic function could be assessed reliably by the parameters derived from TIC with right ventricular contrast echocardiography. The k, HT and MTT are reliable indices for quantitative assessment of right ventricular systolic function.
Animals ; Blood Flow Velocity ; physiology ; Cardiac Output ; Contrast Media ; Dogs ; Echocardiography ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Indicator Dilution Techniques ; Reproducibility of Results ; Systole ; Ventricular Function, Right ; physiology

To assess the value of echocardiography for detection of the flow-dependent epicardial coronary vasodilation, the changes in internal diameter of the left anterior descending coronary arteries (LAD) induced by reactive hyperemia were studied by echocardiography in 12 health anesthetized open-chest dogs. Reactive hyperemia was induced by brief occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery for 30 s followed by rapid release. The two- dimensional images of the left anterior descending coronary artery before and after reactive hyperemia with and without intracoronary infusion of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase(NOS) were investigated. The internal diameter of LAD was measured and its percent change induced by reactive hyperemia was calculated. Our results showed that the internal diameter of LAD was 2.23±0.19 mm before intracoronary infusion of L-NAME (baseline). The internal diameter of LAD significantly increased to 2.52±0.24 mm (P＜0.01) after reactive hyperemia at baseline, and the percent change in internal diameter of LAD was (13. 10±3.59) %. The internal diameter of LAD before and after reactive hyperemia under the condition of intracoronary infusion of L-NAME was not different from that before reactive hyperemia at baseline. The percent change in internal diameter of LAD was (1.07±2.97) %, and it was significantly lower than that at baseline (P＜0.001). We are led to conclude that the change in internal diameter of LAD responding to reactive hyperemia was detected sensitively by echocardiography, and this change was associated with endothelium-derived nitric oxide.

Objective:To analyze the clinic-pathological features and surgical outcomes of adult patients with hypothalamic gliomas.Methods:The adult cases pathologically confirmed as hypothalamic gliomas were analyzed from October, 2011 to January, 2022 in Beijing Tiantan Hospital.Results:There were 32 adult cases with hypothalamic gliomas, including 16 males and 16 females. Tumor was located in the hypothalamus in 6 cases, in the hypothalamus plus optic chiasma/nerve in 6 cases, in the hypothalamus plus thalamus in 9 cases, and in the hypothalamus plus the third ventricle in 11 cases. Pre-operative hydrocephalus was found in 20 cases. Five patents underwent stereotactic biopsy, 27 patients underwent craniotomy, and 11 patients underwent shunt surgery for hydrocephalus. Of 27 patients with craniotomy, trans-callosal approach was chosen for 9 patients, trans-cortical for 8 patients, via pterion approach for 4 patients, via lateral sub-frontal approach for 4 patients, via fissurae interhemisphaerica for 1 patient, and trans-sphenoidal approach for 1 patient. Twenty-two patients received gross-total or subtotal resection, 5 patients received partial resection. All the patients were pathologically confirmed, including 9 patients with high-grade and 23 patients with low-grade gliomas. Six patients died within 3 months after craniotomy, 8 patients suffered from endocrine dysfunction, 7 patients suffered from electrolyte disturbance, and 5 patients suffered from hydrocephalus. They were followed for 0.7-110.0 months, with 5-year progression-free survival rate of 63.8% and 5-year overall survival rate of 53.9% for all patients. The 5-year progression-free survival rate was 83.3% and the 5-year overall survival rate was 72.8% for low-grade gliomas.Conclusions:The peri-operative mortality is high for adult patients with hypothalamic gliomas, and protection of the hypothalamic function is important. Patients with low-grade hypothalamic gliomas have good prognoses.

Animals ; Archaeal Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Deoxyribonuclease I ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Editing ; methods ; Humans ; Natronobacterium ; enzymology ; genetics

Objective: To evaluate the effect of 3D-printed oval root canal preparation by using small field-of-view cone beam CT (CBCT) combined with computer-aided technologies. Methods: An extracted tooth with a suitable single oval canal was selected by small field-of-view CBCT scanning. Three-dimensional (3D)-printed resin teeth were obtained based on the CBCT data after data conversion and processing. 50 general dentists were selected to prepare the oval root canal of the resin teeth with X-Gold rotary Ni-Ti instruments. Small field-of-view CBCT was applied to scan the oval root canals before and after preparation. Then, computer-aided technologies were used to calculate and compare these CBCT data, analyzing the effects of oval root canal cleaning as well as the root canal deviation by 3D reconstruction and rendering of the images. Results : Among the 50 cases, the mean unprepared area of the oval root canal wall was（56.20 ± 11.91）% and the mean maximum deviation distance of the root canal was（0.140 ± 0.041）mm. There was no correlation between root canal cleanliness and deviation (r=0.18, P=0.212). Conclusion Combined with small field-of-view CBCT and computer-aided technology, we can effectively quantitatively evaluate the root canal preparation effect.