Objective To explore the current status of social support and its influence factors among MSM in Chongqing .Meth‐ods The status of social support was measured by Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS) in 803 males who have sex with man (MSM) .Results Eight hundred and three MSM were selected as the subjects ,whose average overall scores of social support were 29 .240 ± 6 .228 .Increasing with the growth of the number of friends in gay circles ,MSM tended to obtain more social supports . SSRS score displayed that MSM with features like same gender sexual orientation ,infecting STDs ,only child and did not have regu‐lar homo sex partners got lower social support(P<0 .05) .Conclusion Their social support system should be improved .Therefore , the quality of life and social support will be improved ,thus to maintain their physical and mental health .

Objective To evaluate the effect of Orem self‐care mode on sense of well‐being in patients with schizophrenia by Me‐ta analysis .Methods The databases of CBM ,VIP ,CNKI and Wan Fang Data were searched .All randomized controlled trials(RCT ) about Orem self‐care mode for patients about sense of well‐being were included .Data collection and literature review were per‐formed by two reviewers independently .The RevMan 5 .2 software was taken for analysis .Results Three literatures were includ‐ed .All these articles were regarded as low quality ,and only one article′s score of methodological quality are more than three .The Meta analysis showed there were significant differences between the Orem self‐care mode group and the normal nursing mode group in sense of well‐being .Besides the scores of the Orem self‐care mode group are higher(MD = 16 .29 ,95% CI(14 .54 - 18 .05) ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion The Orem self‐care mode is better than normal nursing for sense of well‐being in patients .However ,trials are only three ,and most trials included in the review are of low quality .So large scale randomized controlled trials of higher quality are needed to confirm the result .

Objective To study the thrombolysis effect and safety of tirofiban combined with half dose reteplase in patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction .Methods 60 patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction in our hospital from January 2011 to March 2013 were selected as research object ,and they were divided into reteplase group (control group ,n=32) and tirofiban combined with reteplase group (observation group ,n=28) ,then the recanalization rate of infarct-relat-ed artery at different time and incidence of complications were compared .Results The recanalization rate of infarct-related artery of observation group at different time were all higher than those of control group (P<0 .05) ,while incidence of complications of two groups had no significant difference(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The thrombolysis effect of tirofiban combined with half dose reteplase in patients with ST segment elevation acute myocardial infarction is better ,and it does not increase the incidence of complications .

Objective To investigate the status on health‐related knowledge and skills among the patients in the Chongqing area and to provide basis for developing public health‐related knowledge and skills .Methods Seven hundred and sixty‐eight patients from 8 general hospitals were sampled ,using the stratified random sampling method .A cross‐sectional investigation on health literacy was conducted with questionnaire“ health awareness survey of patients”,and SAS8 .0 was used to statistically analyze the data .Results The awareness rate of health literacy in Chongqing was 4 .82% .As for the 3 health literacy related aspects including basic health concept and knowledge ,health lif‐estyle and behaviors ,and the health related skills ,the rates were 16 .28% ,2 .21% and 38 .41% respectively .Besides ,the rate of the 5 as‐pects including health conception ,the prevention of infection ,the prevention of chronic diseases ,the safety and the first aid ,the basic medical treatment of analysis were 10 .68% ,20 .31% ,8 .59% ,23 .57% ,10 .68% respectively .There noticed significant differences in different re‐gions ,education ,profession ,the condition of relatives engaged in medical ,medical insurance category(P<0 .05) .Profession and the condition of relatives engaged in medical were the main influencing factors on the level of health‐related knowledge and skills among the patients(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The prevalence of basic health‐related knowledge and skills is low in Chongqing city and we should make comprehensive interventions to improve health liter of patients .

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the effects of total flavones of oldenlandia diffusa (FOD)on epithelial-mesenchymal transition in hepatocellular cancer cell line MHCC97-H.Methods TGF-β1 induced EMT in routinely cultured liver cancer cell line MHCC97-H;then MHCC97-H cell was divided into 5 groups:normal control group, TGF-β1 group,TGF-β1 + FOD group,TGF-β1 + 5-FU group,and TGF-β1 + FOD + 5-FU group.After 48 h of treatment,the invasion ability of MHCC97-H cell was detected by Transwell;the proteins of E-cadherin and vimentin were determined by Western blot.Results Compared with the normal form of MHCC97-H cell line,the cell had obvious long fusiform after TGF-β1 induction,and the invasion ability enhanced (P = 0.02 ).But after treatment,the invasion ability of MHCC97-H cell decreased in FOD group and 5-FU group compared with that in TGF-β1 group (P = 0.03,P = 0.02 ),and decreased more significantly in FOD + 5-FU group (P = 0.01 ).The expression of E-cadherin at the protein level decreased significantly (P = 0.01 )in TGF-β1 group,which was abolished in FOD group (P =0.03 )and 5-FU group (P = 0.02 ).The expression of vimentin at the protein level increased significantly (P =0.01)in TGF-β1 group,which was abolished in FOD group (P =0.04)and 5-FU group (P =0.03)and more obviously in FOD+5-FU group (P =0.01).Conclusion FOD can reverse the invasion of MHCC97-H cells in EMT induced by TGF-β1 through decreasing the expression of E-cadherin protein and inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of MHCC97-H cell.

Objective To explore the effects of interstitial cells of liver cancer and normal liver cells co‐cultured on the biological function of liver cancer malignancy so as to understand the signal pathway involved by the interaction between these cells and confirm the role of interstitial cells in cancer progression in tumor microenvironment .Methods We co‐cultured interstitial cells or hepatocyte growth factor (HGF ) and human normal liver cell L‐02 ,and then detected the expressions of the tumor‐suppressing gene PTEN and the oncogene K‐RAS and changes of cell proliferation .The downstream signaling pathways were detected by Real‐time PCR and Western blot .Results The expression of PTEN was downregulated at the transcription level by 1 .15 times and translation level by 10 times (P<0 .05) ,while the transcription level and translation level of K‐RAS increased by 1 .4 times and more than 9 times , respectively ( P< 0 .05 ) in normal liver cells co‐cultured with liver cancer mesenchymal cells .The proliferation ability was increased by more than 2 times .ELISA experiment results showed that the medium from co‐culture contained HGF over 3 times more than the control group ( P<0 .05 ,1 085+108 vs .387+23) .At the same time ,cells in the experimental group expressed more than four times of cMET than the control group cells (P< 0 .05) .Exogenous HGF consistently promoted liver cell proliferation and viability (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Our study shows that liver cancer interstitial cells activate the HGF/cMET signaling pathway by secreting HGF and promote the proliferation of normal liver cells ,suggesting a new way to explore the molecular mechanism of tumor microenvironment in tumor development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma .

Objective: To investigate the relationship between expression of programmed cell death ligand-1(PD-L1) in the tissue of neuroblastoma (NB) and patient's clinical characteristics and prognosis. Methods: Clinical data and surgical tissue paraffin blocks of 100 newly diagnosed NB children at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 2000 and December 2015 were collected and the expression level of PD-L1 and its' relationship with pathological parameters and survival rate were analyzed retrospectively. The ratio between groups was compared by chi-square test. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and COX regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Results: Among 100 cases, 71 were males and 29 females; there were 5 cases of stageⅠ, 4 cases of stageⅡ, 19 cases of stage Ⅲ, 65 cases of stage Ⅳ and 7 cases of stage Ⅳs. Ten out of 62 cases (16%) were N-MYC amplified; 15 cases were in low-risk group, 18 were in medium-risk group and 67 were in high-risk group. The positive rate of PD-L1 in NB tumor tissue was 57% (57/100), of which 55 were weakly positive, 1 was moderately positive and 1 was strongly positive. The positive rates of PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues without bone metastasis were higher than those with bone metastasis(66%(39/59)vs.44%(18/41), χ²=4.864, P=0.027), the positive rates of PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues pathologically diagnosed as neuroblastoma were higher than those pathologically diagnosed as ganglioneuroblastoma (61%(53/87) vs.31%(4/13), χ²=4.195, P=0.041), the positive rates of PD-L1 expression in tumor tissues originated from abdominal cavity were higher than those originated from other places (61% (51/83)vs.35%(6/17), χ²=3.937,P=0.047).The 4-year event-free survival (EFS) rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 40% and 33% (χ²=0.009, P=0.923), respectively. The 4-year overall survival (OS) rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 62% and 58% (χ²=0.294, P=0.587). Among 33 non-high-risk patients, the 4-year EFS rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 89% and 78% (χ²=0.001, P=0.965), the 4-year OS rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 100% and 96% (χ²=0.500, P=0.480). Among 67 high-risk patients, the 4-year EFS rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 24% and 11% (χ²=1.154, P=0.282), the 4-year OS rates of patients with PD-L1 negative and positive were 48% and 41% (χ²=0.692, P=0.405). Multivariate analysis showed that N-MYC gene amplification was an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS and EFS rates of NB patients (RR: 1.726,95%CI:1.209-2.466; RR:1.326,95%CI:1.014-1.736) and advanced clinical stage was an independent adverse prognostic factor for EFS rates of NB patients (RR: 26.498, 95%CI:3.518-199.614). Conclusions The expression of PD-L1 in NB tumor tissues was correlated with the clinical characteristics of children. However, there were no significant differences in the prognosis of patients with or without PD-L1 expression.

Objection: To analyze the factors affecting the prognosis of patients with gastric neuroendocrine neoplasms (G-NENs) by using the surveillance of National Cancer Institute (NCI) of America, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database, and to construct a prognostic Nomogram model for individualized prediction of prognosis in patients with G-NENs. Methods: The clinical data of 2720 G-NENs patients with complete follow-up data from 2010 to 2015 in the SEER database were collected. The prognostic Nomogram model was constructed based on independent risk factors determined by survival analysis. The consistency index (C-index) and calibration curve were used to evaluate its accuracy.Area under the curve (AUC) was used to compare the evaluation value between the Nomogram and the 7th edition of AJCC TNM staging. Results: The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates of 2,720 patients with G-NENs were 88.14%, 79.09%, and 71.86%, respectively. Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that gender, age, marital status, other associated tumors, histological type, tumor grade, T stage, M stage, and surgery were independent risk factors affecting survival time of GNENs patients. The C-index of newly constructed Nomogram prediction model was 0.816, which was significantly higher than 0.702 of the 7thAJCC TNM staging (P<0.001), and the 1-, 3- and 5-year calibration curves showed a good agreement between predicted survival and actual survival. The AUC for 1-, 3- and 5-year survival by Nomogram prognostic model was 0.800, 0.811, and 0.820, which was higher than 0.650, 0.688 and 0.698 of the 7th AJCC TNM staging, and the differences were statistically significant (Z= 6.600, 8.085, 9.632, all P<0.0001). Conclusion: The Nomogram prediction model drawn in this study has a high prognostic value and can individually predict the survival rate of G-NENs patients, which is helpful for clinical treatment decision-making and clinical research options.

Objective:To explore the influence of hypophosphatemia on weaning from mechanical ventilation.Methods:An observational study was conducted. The medical records of 30 mechanical ventilated patients with hypophosphatemia admitted to intensive care unit of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from January 2018 to August 2020 were analyzed; another 60 mechanical ventilated patients with normophosphatemia around the same time were enrolled as controls by 1∶2 case-control matching based on gender, age, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHEⅡ) score, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. And then the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, times of spontaneous breathing trial (SBT), the diaphragmatic ultrasonography movement indexes, and outcome of weaning and prognosis during hospitalization were compared between the two groups. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was plotted to calculate the areas under ROC curve (AUC) and cut-off values of serum phosphorus for successful weaning and hospital survival. The correlations between the diaphragmatic ultrasonography movement indexes and serum phosphorus were analyzed by Pearson partial correlation analysis.Results:Compared with normophosphatemic group, the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in hypophosphatemia group was significantly longer [days: 13.0 (7.0, 22.0) vs. 10.0 (5.5, 14.0), P < 0.05], and SBT attempts were more often [times: 3 (0, 5) vs. 1 (1, 2), P < 0.01], while the rate of successful weaning was lower (53.3% vs. 91.7%, P < 0.01), and the hospital mortality was higher (20.0% vs. 1.7%, P < 0.01). ROC curve analysis showed that serum phosphorus could predict successful weaning of mechanical ventilated patients, the AUC was 0.795, and the optimum cut-off value of serum phosphorus was 0.85 mmol/L with sensitivity of 73.2% and specificity of 84.2%. Serum phosphorus could predict hospital survival of mechanical ventilated patients, the AUC was 0.782, and the optimum cut-off value of serum phosphorus was 0.48 mmol/L with sensitivity of 81.9% and specificity of 85.7%. Compared with normophosphatemic group, diaphragm thickness at the end of inspiration (DTei), diaphragm thickness at the end of expiration (DTee), diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF), diaphragm excursion (DE) in hypophosphatemia group were all significantly decreased [DTei (cm): 0.19±0.07 vs. 0.27±0.08, DTee (cm): 0.14±0.05 vs. 0.19±0.06, DTF: (33.55±16.17)% vs. (45.04±18.66)%, DE (cm): 1.17±0.49 vs. 2.28±0.69, all P < 0.01]. Pearson partial correlation analysis showed that linear correlations were found between serum phosphorus and DTei, DTee, DTF, DE ( r values were 0.442, 0.351, 0.293, 0.628 respectively, all P < 0.01). Conclusions:Serum phosphorus may have correlation with the diaphragmatic ultrasonography movement indexes. Hypophosphatemia may impair the contractile properties of diaphragm, induce more SBT attempts and longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, and affect outcome of weaning and prognosis.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the first degenerative disease of the nervous system, but no drugs have been found to reverse AD progression. Starting from 2 major pathogenesis of AD, namely amyloid beta (Aβ) cascade and Tau protein, this study systematically reviews anti-Aβ or Tau protein AD new drugs that have entered clinical research; this study also expounds their clinical trial findings and mechanisms, and analyzes the reasons for their success or failure to provide a theoretical basis for AD drug exploitation.