When reading or writing a medical paper involving clinical practice or fundamental research, it is necessary to read or review other correlative ones published in specially journals. Medical papers are always the fastest and most authorized way of reporting the latest achievements ,innovation and discoveries in medicine. However, viewpoints expressed by different authors and different periodicals varied considerably, sometimes were similar, sometimes were contradicted and even poles apart in one subject. It is worthwhile to think about facing with different conclusions, as how to make one’s papers choice. In this article, we took the example for analysis of medical papers about "The complication of post hepatic transplantation: splenic artery steals syndrome" written by different authors and talking about how to treat medical papers properly.

Biliary tract complications occurred after liver transplantation have been the well-known causes of the substantial morbidity and mortality. It has been widely accepted that biliary drainage, balloon dilation and stent placement are useful interventional techniques for the treatment of biliary tract complications. Biliary tract complications are more likely to be complex and to have multiple causes. For the interventional radiologists, a further understanding of the mechanism, pathology, classification and diagnosis of the biliary complications is very helpful in reasonably working out the appropriate therapeutic strategy in order to improve the clinical success rate of liver transplantation.

Apoptosis is involved in a variety of diseases. Cysteine aspartate specific protease (caspase), a protease family which executes apoptosis, plays a crucial role in course of apoptosis. It can be activated through various pathways. Some natural and synthetic caspase inhibitors will strengthen anti apoptotic action through inhibiting one or several caspase activity, and will become effective means in treating diseases caused by overapoptosis.

AIM: To investigate the change of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cells and thyroid- stimulating hormone(wn) cells of pars distalls of pituitary gland of morphine dependent dependent rats and its restoration after withdrawal. METHODS: Morphine dependent model of male rats was made by subcutaneous injection of mor- phine and the adstinent model was made after withdrawal. Changes of ACTH cells and TSH cells of pars distails of pituitary gland were detected by immunohistochemistoy survey and image analysis. RESULTS: The intensity of positive staining and the numerical density of ACTH and TSH immunoreactive cells were weakened (P＜ 0.01), after withdrawal from morphine for a short time the changes would exist continuously. CONCLUSION: Morphine may give rise to disorder of endocrine of pituitary gland of male rats, which may incompletely restore after withdrawal for a short time.

Aim To investigate the effects of Astragalus Mongholicus Bunge Lectin (AMML) on tumor cells proliferation,cell cycle and apoptosis by using human leukemia cell line (K562 cells).Methods The antiproliferation effect of AMML on K562 cells was detected by the colorimetric MTT assay.The apoptosis induced by AMML on K562 cells was explored by means of cell morphological and flow cytometry.Results AMML showed strong inhibiton of the growth of K562 cells in a time-and concentration-dependence. After incubation of K562 cells with AMML at a concentration of 60 mg?L-1 for 72 h,the inhibition ratio was 89%.Morphological observation showed that AMML-treated K562 cells displayed outstanding apoptosis characteristics,such as nuclear fragmentation,chromatin condensation. AMML induced significant cell cycle arrest at S phase in K562 cells,and the apoptosis of K562 cells was confirmed by flow cytometry.Conclusion AMML can inhibit the growth of K562 cells through S arrest and induce the apoptosis of K562 cells. Thus,AMML may be valuable for the treatment of cancer.

Objective: To select highly metastatic cells from human salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell clone Mc3. Methods: In situ transplantation of Mc3 cells into submandibular gland of nude mice, in situ transplantation of Mc3 induced lung metastasized tumor tissue among nude mice and cell culture were employed to obtain the wanted cells. Morphological observation, cell growth analysis, flow cytometry, chromosome staining, clonogenic assay and artificial metastasis test in nude mice were used to characterize the cells. Results: Lung metastasis was observed in 3 out of 10 nude mice after 4 cycles of in situ transplantation of Mc3 cell induced lung metastasized tumor tissue. Epidermoid cells with similar morphology to Mc3 were obtained through cell culture and the cells were named M3SP4. M3SP4 cell induced lung metastatic foci were histologicaly proved to be mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Subdiploid karyotype with human chromosome morphology was observed in M3SP4 and Mc3 cells. The population doubling time (h) of M3SP4 and Mc3 cells was 23.9 and 25.9, the percentage of S phase cells in cell cycle 26.8 and 15.3, clonogenecity (%) 54.6 and 30.2, respectively. The artificial lung metastatic potential of M3SP4 cells was 35% higher than that of Mc3 in nude mice. Conclusion: M3SP4 cells are of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma with higher metastatic potential than Mc3. In situ transplantation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells or lung metastasized tumor tissue may maintain the metastatic potential of the cells.

AIM:To explore the effect of FOXQ1 gene silencing on angiogenesis and proliferation ability of co-lon cancer cells induced by Sonic hedgehog (Shh).METHODS:Lentivirus expressing different FOXQ1-shRNA or nega-tive cantrol (NC)-shRNA was used to infect the SW480 cells.The best silencing condition was screened and used in the following experiments .The SW480 cells were divided into interfered group ( FOXQ1-shRNA) and control group ( NC-shR-NA) .The MTT assay was used to observe the doubling time and cell activity .Tube formation assay was performed to detect the ability of angiogenesis.Meanwhile, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, matrix metallopro-teinase ( MMP) 2 and cyclin D1 at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot .After in-duction of the cells by recombinant Shh proteins , the changes of angiogenesis and proliferation ability in each group were detected.At the same time, the transformation of related gene was examined .RESULTS:Compared with control group , the angiogenic ability in interfered group was decreased , and no obvious difference of proliferation ability was observed .The expression of VEGF-A and MMP2 was declined significantly , and the expression of cyclin D 1 was not obviously changed . Recombinant Shh proteins improved the expression of FOXQ1 gene.Compared with NC-shRNA group, after induction, the angiogenic ability of FOXQ1-shRNA group was decreased , and the proliferation ability was not obviously changed .CON-CLUSION:FOXQ1 gene mediates the angiogenic ability but does not affect the proliferation ability of SW 480 cells.Mean-while, it may be regulated by shh pathway .

Objective To study the biocompatibility of silk fibroin/poly L-lactic acid (SF/PLLA) non-woven network,a kind of new composite tissue engineering nanomaterials,and to explore its possibility as the biological implant materials.Methods The PLLA non-woven network was prepared by electrostatic spinning.Physiological saline as control,the leaching solution was prepared and injected into the mice,then the mice were observed for 2 weeks.The materials were implanted into the back of the mice,and 3-0 suture was used as control.Tissues were collected at 1,2,3,and 4 weeks after operation,dyed by HE staining and then the photos were taken.The tissue reactions in experimental group and control group were observed.The rabbit knee joint cartilage cells were cultured,and then subculture cells were seeded to the surface of materials.After cultured invitro,the adhesion and growth of the cells were observed with inverted optical microscope.The bioactivities of the rabbit knee joint cartilage cells in negative control group(DMEM culture media),experimental group(DMEM containing materials) and positive control group(DMEM containing phenol solution)were determined by MTT assay after cocultured for 24 and 48 h.Results After injection,the body status of the mice in experimental group was the same to the control group.There were little fibroblasts was and a little of lymphocytes and macrophage cells in the materials which were implanted into the back of the mice at the beginning.Then the number of the fibroblasts was increased, but the number of the lymphocytes and macrophage cells did not change obviously.The materials degraded slowly, and the material degraded obviously at 4 weeks.The inflammation of tissue around the material reduced gradually from the 2nd week.The inflammation of tissue around the material was the same to the suture,and sometimes was slighter than the suture.After sed for 24 h,there were cells attaching to the fibers of the material.More and more cells attached to the fibers.The reasult of MTT assay showed that the cytotoxicities in experimental groups were all on LevelⅠ at 24 and 48 h.Except for positive control group,the A values were increased in other groups with the extended response time.At the same time,there was no significant difference in cytotoxicity between experimental group and negative control group(P>0.05)and the A value in experimental group was higher than that in positive control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The SF/PLLA non-woven network scaffold material has good biological compatibility and safety,it could be used as implant material in tissue engineering.

Objective: To investigate the differentially expressed genes in osteosarcoma cell lines with various metastatic potentialities, and to screen for new candidate genes related to metastasis of osteosarcomas. Methods: The total RNAs of a lowly metastatic and a highly metastatic osteosarcoma cell lines (M6 and M8) were extracted. Differentially expressed genes in the two osteosarcoma cell lines were studied by cDNA microarray. The hybridization signals were scanned with a Generation Ⅲ array scanner and analyzed by Imagequant 5.0 software. Typical differentially expressed genes were further verified by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: There were 330 differentially expressed genes between M6 and M8 cells. In the high-metastasis M8 cells, 178 genes were up-regulated and 152 genes were down-regulated compared to the low-metastasis M6 cells, with 43 extremely up-regulated and 49 extremely down-regulated. The differentially expressed genes were mainly associated with cell proliferation, indicating these genes might be related to the inhibition of M6 cells. Other differentially expressed genes included those associated with the regulation of gene expression and signal transduction, indicating these genes might be correlated with tumor metastasis. Conclusion: cDNA microarray shows an advantage in identifying genes associated with metastasis of osteosarcoma. In M8 subset of MG63 osteosarcoma cells,43 genes are up-regulated and 49 genes are down-regulated, which may be related with metastasis of osteosarcoma.

Objective To discuss the technique of Neuroform stent-assisted coil embolization for the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms and to evaluate its clinical efficacy and complications.Methods Neuroform stent-assisted technique was used for coil embolization treatment in 31 patients with intracranial wide-necked aneurysms, all aneurysms were ruptured and the patients suffered from subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Of the total 43 aneurysms, 39 were wide-necked and 4 were narrow-necked. Results Thirty-five stents were inserted in 31 patients. The stents were implanted in both internal carotid arteries in 3 patients and in both middle cerebral arteries in one patient, Intra-arterial embolization with coils was successfully performed in 41 of 43 aneurysms. Intraoperative hemorrhage occurred in 2 patients, which probably resulted from the rupture of middle cerebral artery branch due to microwire damage. The cerebral isehemic symptom happened in 1 patient with posterior communicating artery aneurysm due to the shifting of the coil from the original site to M2 segment of middle cerebral artery. During a follow-up period of 24.7 months in average, neither death nor recurrent hemorrhage occurred in 29 cases. Twenty-eight patients were in good living condition and the remaining one patient showed obvious disturbance of neural function.Conclusion For the treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysms, intra-arterial coil embolization with Neuroform stent-assisted technique is a safe and effective clinical therapy. It can effectively broaden the extent of indications in treating intracranial aneurysms by using interventional technique.