Applying formative assessment in teaching medical biomathematics course can comprehensively evaluate students and stimulate and develop students' interests in learning.The assessment contents included in class performance,study strategies,self-study abilities and internet interaction.Combined application of formative assessment and final summative examination evaluation in the process can promote the self-study,comprehensive evaluation and achieve good results.

Objective To evaluate the job burnout of the nurses in sterile laminar flow wards and offer proposals for improvements.Methods Forty nurses in sterile laminar flow wards were surveyed with MBI-GS.Results The scores of emotional exhaustion,cynicism,job inefficiency were higher after working in sterile laminar flow wards for 3 months than those working in general wards for 3 months.Conclusions The nurses in laminar flow wards are prone to have job burnout.Standardized training,humanized management and positive psvchological intervention can improve the job burnout of the nurses in laminar flow wards.

Computer programming courses is generally considered as the most difficult courses to understand and study.We have carried out some reforms in teaching experiment:making learning objective clearer to stimulate students' learning desire;adjusting teaching content to enhance the students' learning interest;combining teachers'accessible elucidation with students' operation in the class to improve both the teaching effect and students' comprehensive application capability.

Howtodevelop promotional strategies ofnetwork teachingplatform in medical colleges has laid a good foundation for the network teaching platform for successful application in medical institutions. These issues are currently facing the construction of digital campus teaching element that must be addressed. Through the research of the promotion process of Chongqing Medical University's network teaching platform,we have described effective promotion strategies of network teaching platform at the "pre-publicity," "functions of the departments," "development of policies and measures",etc.

To meet the comprehensive medical needs of experimental teaching and reform, building a targeted, full-featured intelligent experimental teaching management system. The practical application of laboratory and laboratory equipment to improve operating efficiency and management level, to improve the quality of the teaching experiment, has good prospects and promotion of value.

Objective: To explore the relationship between voluntary blood donation and autonomous motivation based on self-determination theory, so as to provide insights into optimizing voluntary blood donation recruitment. Methods: Participants meeting the blood donation criteria were selected from blood stations and medical institutions in Hangzhou City, Jiaxing City and Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province. A self-designed questionnaire based on self-determination theory was used to collect basic information, awareness and source of blood donation knowledge, autonomous motivation and controlled motivation. The correction between autonomous motivation and voluntary blood donation was analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: A total of 986 participants at ages of 18-55 years were surveyed, including 730 females (74.04%) and 256 males (25.96%). Among them, 705 participants (71.50%) had experience of voluntary blood donation. The mean score for blood donation knowledge was (5.76±1.17) points, and the total motivation score for blood donation was (58.21±8.17) points, with autonomous motivation scoring (40.86±5.46) points and controlled motivation scoring (17.35±3.26) points. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified gender (female, OR=0.419, 95%CI: 0.273-0.644), occupation (medical profession, OR=4.027, 95%CI: 2.440-6.646), blood donation knowledge (OR=1.307, 95%CI: 1.159-1.475) and autonomous motivation (OR=1.074, 95%CI: 1.033-1.116) as factors affecting voluntary blood donation. Conclusions Autonomous motivation may promote voluntary blood donation. In blood donation recruitment efforts, it is vital to enhance autonomous motivation and make appropriate use of controlled motivation.

Objective To find a simple, effective and inexpensive method for acid copper-containing waste water treatment. Methods Studied the processing of the leaching waste water from the laboratory of East China Institute of Technology and simulated acid copper mine waste water(concentration of Cu2+ is 143.00 mg/L, pH: 1.80-2.00) using the processed eggshells to treat acid copper-containing waste water under the condition of different calcining temperature, eggshells amount,eggshells size and stirring speed. Results The best condition was that the calcining temperature was 400 ℃, the amount of eggshells was 25 g/L, the size of eggshells was 0.25 mm, the stirring speed was 240 r/min. The eggshells could increase the pH values from 1.80-2.00 to 6.86-7.34 and reduce Cu2+ concentration from 0.43 mg/L to 0.09 mg/L, the concentration of Cu2+ in the treated waste water could answer for the first level of the Integrated Waste Water Discharge Standard(GB 8978-1996), the removal rates could reach 99.70%-99.94%. Conclusion Using eggshells to treat acid copper-containing waste water has application prospects for the process, is simple and easy to be operated, the treatment effect is good.

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic evidences of pleural tuberculosis (PT).Methods One hundred and eighty patients with pleural effussion, whom were admited into our hospital from December 2007 to December 2009 ,were enrolled into this study. The clinical data of patients confirmed with PT ( n = 90) or Non-PT ( n = 90) were analyzed retrospectively. The likelihood ratios( LR), sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value,and nagative predictive value of six indices including pleural ADA, IFN-γ, sIL-2R ,TB-antibody in blood and pleural effusion, age and fever status were calculated. Results The variable with the hightest LR+ was ADA optimal threshold, followed by TB-antibody, IFN-γ, age, sIL-2R, fever status, If all six variables reached the optimal threshold,the probabilities of PT exceeded 99.9%. However,if all variables didn't reached the optimal threshold, the probabilities of PT were less than 1%. Among all the six variables, any four or over four variables reached the optimal threshold, the probabilities of PT exceeded 97%. Conclusion The combination use of these six variables can aid the clinical analysis, early detection, and therapy instruction,complication prevention of PT.

Objective To investigate the aesthetic efficacy of dental implant employed to the functional reconstruction of ectodermal dysplasia (ED) patients. Methods Dental implants were inserted into the jaw bone of ED patients according clinical and X-ray examination. The dentures were made after the osseous integration of implants. The proper attachments were employed to increase the retention of the dentures. The aesthetics, denture retention, phonation, mastication, and the health of soft and hard tissues of peri-implant were evaluated in the 6~48 months follow-up period. Results 12 dental implants were inserted into jaw bone in 5 ED patients and all implants were osseointegrated and remained in the 6-48 months follow-up period. Aesthetics, denture retention, phonation, mastication, and confidence were significantly improved. Conclusions Dental implants can be used to functionally reconstruct the dentition of ED. The aesthetics and functions are improved significantly.

Objective To know DNA damage effect in testicular cells in mice induced by acrylamide through three exposure routes,intraperitoneal injection,oral exposure and skin exposure.Methods Twenty-four healthy male KM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,including the blank control group,intraperitoneal injection group,oral exposure group and skin exposure group,6 in each.The exposure dose was 25 mg(/kg?d),for 5 consecutive days,once a day.On the sixth day after the first exposure,the changes of body weight and testis coefficient were observed.The tail length,tail DNA%,tail moment,olive tail moment of testicular cells were detected by single cell gel electrophoresis.Results The body weights of intraperitoneal injection group and oral exposure group decreased significantly (P