Indices of angiogenesis are increased in synovia from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and vascu-lar proliferation may contribute to the pathogenesis of synovitis, pan nus growth, bone and cartilage destruction, and osteophyte formation. Many proan giogenic factors are expressed in the synovium in RA. They have been shown to ha ve important effects in the angiogenic process in RA. So the blockade of angioge nesis appears to be a promising avenue for the future treatment of RA.

Age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) is one of the important eye diseases of the WHO present three big blindness, is one of the main blinding eye disease in people over the age of 50, people over the age of 65, about 2% of the disease caused by monocular blindness, as the population ages, AMD prevalence is increasing in our country. AMD with respect to its clinical manifestations can be divided into dry AMD and wet AMD, wet AMD is the most harmful for the vision of patients, at present there are many treatments for AMD ( mainly for wet age-related macular degeneration ) , mainly including laser treatment, drug therapy, surgical treatment, gene therapy, etc. The treatments of AMD would be illuminated in this article.

Hepatic fibrosis is a wound-healing response to liver injury, which has complex celluar and molecular mechanisms. Animal models that similar to human hepatic fibrosis are important to explore further pathological mechanisms and more effective drug therapy for hepatic fibrosis. This article reviews recent progress in animal models and antifibrotic therapy related to hepatic fibrosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of aerosol inhalation of Pulmicort Respules combined with urbason in treating severe bronchial asthma.MethodsThe clinical data of 40 cases aith severe bronchial asthma treated in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,among which 20 cases underwent Pulmicort Respules combined with urbason(Tset Group),20 cases underwent urbason( Control Group).ResultsCompared with the control group,the blood gas analysis in test group had statistically significant difference before treatment (P ＜ 0.05 ).Compared with the control group,the clinical effect and the blood gas analysis in test group had no statistically significant difference after treatment(P ＞ 0.05 ).Compared with the control group,the complications in test group had statistically significant difference( P ＜ 0.05),the complications in test group was less than the control group.ConclusionAerosol inhalation of Pulmicort Respules can reduce the amount of urbason and lower the incidence d complications.The combination treatment of this two drugs can achieve the same clinical results alike the clinical effect of large doses of methy lprednisolone.

ObjectiveTo analyze the application effects of two dimensional Duplex imaging and Site- Rite 5 ultrasound guided instrument during PICC insertion. Methods60 cases underwent color ultrasound- guided PICC were divided into the control group and the experimental group,they used the SiteRite 5 ultrasonic guided instrument and two dimensional Duplex imaging for PICC respectively.The success rate of vessel puncture,success rate of one- time insertion,accuracy in vessel selection and the rate of local tissue damage between the two groups were compared. ResultsThe experimental group had a higher success rate in the vessel selection and also with a higher rate of local tissue damage,but success rate of vessel puncture,success rate of one- time insertion were lower than the control group.However,there were no significant differences. ConclusionsFor the hospitals which can't purchase the Site- Rite 5 ultrasound guidance instrument for PICC,the two dimensional Duplex guidance can he attempted for PICC.It can achieve a higher success rate of insertion,especial in patients with bad condition of the peripheral vessels,so that this technology can be developed rapidly and widely.

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Chinese herbs in resisting chronic immobilization stress.Methods: The rat models of chronic immobilization stress were copied by merely constraint.Total RNA in hippocampus was extracted and primers of enkaphalin or prodynorphin were respectively added for RT-PCR reaction.Then the expressions of enkaphalin and prodynorphin in hippocampus were compared. Results: Enkaphalin mRNA and prodynorphin mRNA expressions in hippocampus markedly increased in chronic immobilization stress and the longer the more evident.Xiaoyao powder as well as decoction of four mild drugs were able to decrease the gene expression of enkaphalin mRNA,and all the three recipes were able to decrease the gene expression of prodynorphin mRNA,and the effect of Xiaoyao powder was obviously outweigh to Jinkuishenqi pill.Conclusion: enkaphalin and prodynorphin both participated in the regulation of hippocampus on stress;the regulation of endogenous opium system was one of the most important ways of the three recipes in accommodating stress.

Objective To establish a method for determining glutamate concentration in microamount cerebrospinal fluid after acute cerebral insult.Methods The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid was measured in mice after acute cerebral insult by precolumn derivatization with O-phthaldehyde.Results The average recovery of glutamate was 84.26% to 125.6%(n=3),the relative standard deviation(RSD) in one day and three days was respectively less than 4.94%(n=3),0.78%(n=3).The concentration of glutamate in cerebrospinal fluid of mice 6 h after acute cerebral insult was significantly higher than that of sham operation mice(P

Objective To investigate the reasons of the unusual widening of Virchow-Robin spaces (VRS) and its clinical significance. Methods Clinic and MRI data of 1 case of VRS were analyzed retrospectively and related literatures were reviewed. Results VRS usually existed in the healthy adults and widening with age. In this case, VRS was a benign anatomic variant without special clinical significance. But in children, unusual widening of VRS suggested clinical significance. Conclusions Widening of VRS has no clear relation to clinical symptoms for adults. However, it is helpful in differentiation of diseases.

BACKGROUND:Reinfusion of autologous drainage blood could reduce al ogeneic blood demand after total hip replacement. The application of anticoagulant could ensure the safety of peri-operation period after total hip replacement. ＜br> OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application effect of reinfusion of autologous drainage blood after total hip replacement in patients taking anticoagulant. ＜br> METHODS:100 patients underwent initial unilateral total hip replacement in the Weifang People’s Hospital in China from January 2012 to January 2014. According to reinfusion of autologous drainage blood, the patients were divided into observation group and control group (n=50). ＜br> RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After replacement, total blood volume and the maximum mid-thigh circumference change were significantly larger in the observation group than in the control group (P＜0.05). No significant difference in hidden blood loss was detected between the two groups (P>0.05). Results indicated that under the application of anticoagulant, reinfusion of autologous drainage blood in patients undergoing total hip replacement does not affect hidden blood loss, but can cause an increase in limb swel ing.

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication of diabetes that can lead to severely impaired visual acuity.Its pathogenesis is complex,which is closely related to the destruction of blood-retinal barrier,and there are many cytokines involved in its formation,but the exact mechanism is not yet fully clear.Recent researches suggested that some typical pathological characterizations of retina can be used as criteria for evaluating its occurrence,and it is known that a variety of risk factors participated in the pathological process,such as glucose,blood pressure,blood lipids,which are well-known and can be closely correlated with its development through impacting the systemic and retinal vascular functions by complex mechanisms and leading to endothelial dysfunction.While other systemic risk factors,such as diabetic nephropathy which leads to changes in osmotic balance,anemia which increases cytokines caused by ischemia and hypoxia,excessive body weight which leads to vascular damage through fat factor,smoking that produces blood vessel damage by promoting oxidative stress on the body and various hypoglycemic drugs,will influence the development of macular edema on different levels.So conducting a comprehensive and newest understanding of this disease and its risk factors are conducive to better prevention efforts for diabetes patients.This review mainly summarizes the latest researches on definition,classification,pathologic characterization and risk factors of DME.