In order to offer the theoretical basis of preventing and treating rickets as well as providing information on scientific feeding, a case-control study of 300 infants, less than 24 months of age diagnosed by multiple means was undertaken to investigate the risk factors of infantile rickets in Beijing urban districts. The results showed that the occurrence of infantile rickets was related to maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy, certain birth circumstance, insufficient sunlight exposure and unsuitable feedings. Thus,a concerted policy of systematic management involving early prevention and treatment should be emphasized.

Objective To explore the risk factors of recurrent cerebral infarction and the preventive meas-ures. Methods The risk factors were compared between recurrent group (246 cases with recurrent cerebral infarc-tion) and unrecurrent group( 100 cases with unreeurront cerebral infarction) by means of multiple logistic regression analysis. Results The recurrent cerebral infarction is correlated closely with hypertension, diabetes, heart diseases and excessive drinking, and the OR values arc 2.206, 2.232, 2.252, 2.842, 2.366 respectively (P<0.05), prophy-lactic treatment had the protective effects against the recurrent cerebral infarction,and the OR value was 0.249. Con-dusions The main risk factors of recurrent cerebral infarction were hypertension,heart diseases,excessive drinking. Prophylactic treatment hed great significance in preventing the recurrence of cerebral infarction.

To examine whether sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake during infancy is associated with dental caries by age 6, a longitudinal analysis of 1,274 U.S. children was conducted using data from the 2005-2007 Infant Feeding Practices Study II and the 2012 Follow-up Study at 6 years of age. The exposure variables were maternal-reported SSB intakes during infancy (i.e., any SSB intake during infancy, age at SSB introduction during infancy, and average frequency of SSB intake during 10-12 months of age). The outcome variable was maternal-reported dental caries of their 6-year-old in his/her lifetime. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for associations of SSB intake during infancy with having dental caries among 6-year-olds after controlling for baseline characteristics of children and mothers and child's tooth brushing habits and sweet food intake at follow-up. Based on maternal recall, almost 40% of 6-year-olds had dental caries in their lifetime. Adjusted odds of having dental caries was significantly associated with higher frequency of SSB intake during 10-12 months (aOR=1.83 for > or =3 times/week, vs. none). Any SSB intake during infancy and age at SSB introduction during infancy were not associated with dental caries. In conclusion, frequent SSB intake during 10-12 months of age significantly increased the likelihood of having dental caries among 6-year-olds. Late infancy may be an important time for mothers to establish healthy beverage practices for their children. These findings can be used to inform efforts to reduce dental caries among children.
Beverages* ; Child* ; Dental Caries* ; Eating ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Mothers ; Odds Ratio ; Public Health ; Tooth

Objective To compare the efficacy of different rehabilitation models on acalculia after acquired brain injury. Methods 113 cases were randomly assigned to 3 groups: control group(n=37), computer-assisted training group(n=38) and face-to-face training group(n=38). The control group just received cognitive dysfunction evaluation. The training groups received cognitive rehabilitation training 5 days a week and 30 minutes a day which sustained for 6 weeks. And 33 patients were selected to prolong for 12 weeks. They were evaluated with Revised EC301Calculation and Number Processing Battery in Chinese version (EC301-CR) at the beginning, the 6th week point and the 12th week point respectively. Results 6-week after treatment, The performance of both the computer-assisted training group and face-to-face training group significantly improved(P<0.001); It showed that computer-assisted group>face-to-face group>control group(P<0.001) both 6 weeks and 12 weeks latter. Significant negative correlation was found between age and performance of EC301-CR(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of computer-assisted training on acalculia is superior to face-to-face training; The first 6 weeks of training is the best period for rehabilitation; The younger the patient is, the better results are.

Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation on memory deficits after acquired brain injury, to compare different training models of memory rehabilitation and to analyze the possible factors affecting memory rehabilitation. Methods 144 patients with acquired brain injury following memory deficits were randomly assigned to computer-assisted training group, face-to-face training group and control group. Both training groups were given memory-based cognitive training program once a day which sustained 30 minutes for 6 or 12 weeks. The instantaneous memory, short-term memory and long-term memory were evaluated and compared before and after training. The effect of gender, age, education, course, site of injury and coma time on training efficacy were analyszed as well. Results 6 weeks and 12 weeks at training, both computer-assisted and face-to-face training groups showed a significant improvement in memory abilities when compared to controls (P<0.01), with the former making more progress (P<0.01). Negative correlation was found between age and memory performance. Conclusion Effectiveness of memory rehabilitation is proven. 12 weeks training can significantly improve memory. Cognitive training using professional equipment is significantly more effective than the face-to-face training and should be recommended.

Body temperature is an essential physiological parameter. Conducting non-contact, fast and accurate measurement of temperature is increasing important under the background of COVID-19. The study introduces an infrared temperature measurement system based on the thermopile infrared temperature sensor ZTP-135SR. Extracting original temperature date of sensor, post-amplification and filter processing have been performed to ensure accuracy of the system. In addition, the temperature data of environmental compensation which obtained by polynomial fitting is added to the system to further improve measurement accuracy.
Algorithms ; Body Temperature ; COVID-19 ; Humans ; Temperature ; Thermometers

Body temperature is an important physiological parameter of the human body and is used in medicine to reflect the physiological state and health status of the human body. At present, the commonly used clinical thermometers on the market are mainly divided into contact and non-contact types. Most of them are used for rapid body temperature measurement, and it is not easy to monitor body temperature changes in real time. This article introduces a new wearable wireless body temperature monitoring system based on NTC, which senses through NTC. The temperature changes are amplified and filtered, zeroed, and calibrated, and then the temperature data is uploaded to the mobile phone APP via Bluetooth in real time to achieve real-time accurate measurement of body temperature.
Body Temperature ; Cell Phone ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Temperature ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Wireless Technology

Objective: A model was built by neural network analysis to study the relationship between different degrees of vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency and malnutrition-induced stomatitis. Methods: Data from 30 healthy volunteers and 30 patients with malnutrition-induced stomatitis were collected. The distribution of lesions, the number of affected sites and clinical manifestations were recorded, and the severity was scored. The levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the peripheral blood of the two groups were simultaneously measured. The SPSS software was used to analyze the correlation between vitamin B12 and folic acid levels in the peripheral blood of patients with malnutrition-induced stomatitis and healthy volunteers, and the MATLAB software package was used to analyze the data via a neural network. Results: The levels of vitamin B12 and folic acid significantly correlated with the grade of malnutrition-induced stomatitis. Simultaneous B12 and folic acid deficiency linearly correlated with the occurrence and severity of malnutrition-induced stomatitis. Based on this correlation, a thermogram model of malnutrition-induced stomatitis was constructed. Conclusion Malnutrition-induced stomatitis is closely related to vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency. Their synergistic effect may promote the occurrence and development of malnutrition-induced stomatitis. The construction of the malnutrition-induced stomatitis model aids the targeted etiological treatment of patients with moderate and severe deficiency to prevent malnutrition-induced stomatitis.

Oxygen therapy is an effective clinical method for the treatment of respiratory disorders, oxygen concentrator as a necessary medical auxiliary equipment in hospitals, its research and development has been a hot spot. The study reviewed the development history of the ventilator, introduced the two preparation technique of the oxygen generator pressure swing absorption (PSA) and vacuum pressure swing adsorption (VPSA), and analyzed the core technology development of the oxygen generator. In addition, the study compared some major brands of oxygen concentrators on the market and prospected the development trend of oxygen concentrators.
Oxygen ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; Hospitals ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; Equipment Design

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features, treatment and prognosis of oralmucosal malignant melanoma to provide a reference for clinical practice. Methods: Data from 19 patients with oralmucosal malignant melanoma were collected, and their clinical manifestations, treatment methods and follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Among the 19 patients, 11 cases (58%) had lesions in the gingiva, 7 cases (37%) had lesions in the palate, and 1 case (5%) had lesions in the tongue, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Eight patients had regional lymph node metastasis with a metastasis rate of 42%, of which 4 cases had multiple site metastasis, and the total number of regional lymph node metastasis sites was 15. Among the 19 patients, 3 cases received only surgery, 4 cases received cryotherapy, and 12 cases received combined surgery, cryotherapy and biological immunotherapy. Pathological examination showed malignant melanoma. The positive rates of S-100, HMB-45 and Melan-A were 95%, 89% and 84%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients with lesions less than 5 cm2 had a higher survival rate (P < 0.05). Conclusions Oral malignant melanomas usually present as black lesions in the oral mucosa, which are prone to metastasis in early stage. The area of lesions may affect the prognosis of the disease. Therefore, the large range of black lesions or masses should be the alert for the clinicians. Oral malignant melanoma patients are usually treated with combined treatment with surgery, cryotherapy and biological immunotherapy.