Growth hormone is a protein secreted by the anterior pituitary acidophilic cell,which directly or indirectly affects growth and metabolism via insulin-like growth factor.Growth hormone can be applied to the target cells of various tissues,and has extensive physiological functions.With the development of further clinical studies,the application of recombinant human growth hormone is no longer limited to children dwarfism treatment,and it also has clinical significances in the adult growth hormone deficiency,neurological diseases such as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,traumatic brain injuries,cerebral palsy,Alzheimer's disease and other diseases such as bum and assisted reproduction.This paper reviews current clinical application and research progress in recombinant human growth hormone at home and abroad.

According to the constructivism learning theory,the paper analyzed the method and the value of applying the constructivism learning theory to teaching Acupuncture and Moxibustion Science in the universities and colleges of Chinese medicine from designing and developing the pedagogy platform and online learning courseware for Acupuncture and Moxibustion Science to the experiment of teaching mode and the effect on teaching experiment based on constructivism learning theory etc.The advantages and effect are also summed up in this article.

Human African trypanosomiasis is caused by the infection of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or T.b. rhodesiense, while another morphologically identical subspecies, T.b.brucei, and other closely related species, T.equiper-dum and T.evansi, are considered not infectious to human. This is highly related to the trypanosome lytic factor (TLF) found in normal human serum (NHS) and the serum resistance-associated (SRA) protein of trypanosomes infectious to human. We reviewed the research progress in TLF and its role in trypanosome lysis as well as the mechanism of SRA against the TLF.

Objective To explore the risk factors of death in infant with muggy syndrome(IMS).Methods Sixty-three children with IMS were analyzed retrospectively, who admitted from Jan. 2002 to Feb. 2007,and these children were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of combined conditions including metabolic acidosis, hyperglycemia, hypocalcemia, ultrahyperpyrexia, pediatric critical illness score(PCIS) or number of the multiple organs failure. The ?2 test was used to examine the mortality between those groups.Results The total mortality of these children with IMS in-hospital was 22.1%. There were significant differences in mortality between combining metabolic acidosis and non-combining ones (RR=3.20,95%CI=1.0-10.24 ?2=4.76 P80 score (RR=12.73,95%CI=1.78-91.04,?2=13.24 P12 mmol/L and those

This article explains in detail the experiment of the education transformation of acupuncture and Moxibastionscience, which is based on the use of internet resources, and the assessment method of education results. The article alsostresses the importance of using the above method to enhance education reformation in the universities of the traditionalChinese medicine, to change the education mode and to improve the education quality.[

AIM: To evaluate the clinical effects of modified hydroxyapatite implant in scleral shell.
METHODS: Thirty - four cases were performed eye evisceration, autogenous sclera shell anterior and posterior petaloid shape with posterior sclera fenestration, hydroxyapatite artificial eyeballs were implanted at stage I, and conjunctival wound, orbital activity and other complications were observed after surgery.
RESULTS:The follow-up was 6 ~12mo. There was no patients with implant exposure, sclera dissolution, conjunctival wound dehiscence, conjunctival sac constriction noted. All the patients got good activity of artificial globe, and the active range of side motion of the HA was 10o ~15o. The artificial eyes looked symmetrical, and the eyes socket were full.
CONCLUSION: The modified hydroxyapatite implant in scleral shell can maintain the normal anatomy of the orbital tissue, and also can get full eyes socket and good activity, It was an easy and simple surgery which could obtain satisfactory clinical effect and less complications.

Under the guidance of the learning theory of constructivism,the mode of curriculum educational reform is designed and experimented on the"acupuncturology" on-line study website using the method of action research.The action experiment contains 3 kinds of different teaching modes: the teaching center mode,the study center mode and teacher donimated-students centered mode.A whole process intervention to question senses is carried on.The relative theoretical basis and problem-solving research methods are found out during the experiment.Phase summary is formed and the teaching project is constantly revised and become perfect.

Objective: To investigate the effect of irrational use of traditional Chinese patent medicines (CPM) on medication safety.Methods: The adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports on traditional CPM (including traditional Chinese medicine for injection) in our hospital during January 2013 to October 2016 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.After finding the corresponding prescriptions, the situation of irrational drug use in the reports including indications, usage and dosage, combination of traditional CPM, combination of Chinese and western medicines and course were analyzed, and the rate of irrational drug use was calculated.Results: A total of 217 reports were collected including 217 patients.The primary diseases ranked top three were cardio-cerebral vascular system diseases, digestive system diseases and respiratory system diseases.The cases involved 81 kinds of drugs, and among them, 37 cases were induced by Shenmai injection.The rate of irrational drug use associated with indications, usage and dosage, combination of traditional Chinese patent medicines, combination of Chinese and western medicines and course was 6.45% , 5.99% , 2.76% , 0.92% and 1.84% , respectively, and the total rate was 17.97% (39/217).Conclusion: The irrational drug use maybe one of the important factors related to ADR of CPM.According to syndrome differentiation, CPM should be used rationally, and pharmaceutical care should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of ADR.

Auricular points of Lung (MA-IC1), Fengxi (MA-SF), EarShenmen (MA-TF1), Subcortex (MA-AT1), Adrenal Gland (MA-T) and Large Intestine (MA-SC4) were selected in the present paper, 25cases of skin pruritus were treated by combination of the auricular acupuncture and routine method, andanother 25 cases were treated with the routine method as the control group. The result showed better therapeutic effect in the former than the latter with statistical difference.

BACKGROUND: The determination of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites is important in the experimental.research of Parkinson disease (PD) and experimental diagnosis of phaochromocytoma.OBJECTIVE: To develop a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for simultaneous and rapid determination of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites which include epinephrine(E), norepinephrine(NE), dopamine(DA), 5'-hydroxytryptamine(5'-HT), 5-hydroxy3-indoleacetic acid(5-HIAA), homovanillic acid(HVA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid(DOPAC).DESIGN: Case control observation and a randomized controlled animal experiment.SETTING: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University; Haiyang Branch, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS: This experiment was carried out at Staff Room of Physiology, edical College, Qingdao University and Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University from October to December 2003. ①Two patients with phaeochromocytoma were all confirmed by CT, MRI or pathologic section as well as physical sign. Twelve health volunteers were all university students and were excluded to suffer hypertension, endocrine system diseases and other diseases. ② Total 12 healthy female Wister rats weighed between 150 g to 180 g were chosen and randomly divided into control group and PD group with 6 rats in each.METHODS: The standard chromatograms of the standard solution of mixtures of seven substances (E, NE, DA, 5'-HT, 5-HIAA, HVA and DOPAC)were prepared and the precisions and recovery rates of the same samples were determined respectively. Urine samples of 24 hours obtained from 12 healthy volunteers and 2 patients with phaeochromocytoma were analyzed respectively by HPLC. The unilateral forebrain bundles in PD group were destroyed with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for monitoring release characteristics of monoamine neurotransmitters and their metabolites in healthy and marred caudate putamen nucleus striatum of normal and PD rats striatum.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①Determination of the precisions and recovery rates of monoamines. ②The contents of catecholamines in 24 hours urine of 12 health volunteers and 2 patients with phaeochromocytoma .③The release characteristics of monoamines and their metabolites in rats striatum. RESULTS: The results and analysis of catecholamines substances in 24hours urine were all obtained from 12 health volunteers and 2 patients with pheochromocytoma. There were no animals died in the experinment, and all of them were involved in the result analysis. ①There was a favorable linear relationship in the range of 2-1 000 μg/L for DA, E, NE and DOPAC, 10-1 000 μg/L for 5-HIAA, HVA and 5-HT for 30-1 000 μg/L with HPLC. The minimal detection limit of DA, E, NE and DOPAC was 2 μg/L, 5-HIAA 10 μg/L, HVA and 5-HT 30 μg/L. The coefficient of variation (CV) in the same batch was 3.0%-8.6%, and the CV in the different batchs was 3.8%-9.7%. The average rates of recovery of DA, NE, E and other 4 kinds of substances were 107.3%, 89.4%, 80.1% and 89.2%-95.7%, respectively.②The contents of CA in 24 hours urine of the 2 patients with phaeochromocytomas were higher than those of the 12 healthy volunteers. One of patient samples showed that E was mainly higher than that of control group. Other samples showed that NE was mainly higher than that of control group. Otherwise , E and NE were ten times higher than that of control group. ③The contents of DA and its metabolites such as DOPAC and HVA in intact sides of hemiparkinsonian rats had no significant changes ,while the contents of DA, DOPAC and HVA in lesion sides were significantly decreased compared with the controls (P ＜ 0.01 ).There were no significant changes in the contents of 5-HT and its metabolites 5-HIAA. ④The turnover rates of DA (DOPAC/DA and HVA/DA) in intact and lesion sides of hemiparkinsonian rats were all higher than those of the controls(P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The method we developed is suitable for the experimental research of normal and hemiparkinsonian rat models and for the diagnostic testing of phaeochromocytoma.