The biobank for medical researchers is a resource of significant utility , which also causes a series of ethical issues. For example, the question of what kind of informed consent should be adopted for the biobanking tissue residue, whether related study can be conducted without the donors' consent and how to accomplish the biobank research. Based on ethical principles of donation, individual rights of donor and common interest of the society, this study suggested the informed consent that to which extent can be accepted for biobank and which type should be adopted in different scenes with two feasible choices. One is the irreversible, and the other is the reversible anonymization process for samples. The necessity and rationality of informed consent for biobank con-struction were also evaluated in order to provide references for the ethical practice of biobank research.

Objective To evaluate the effects of apolipoprotein-J(ApoJ)on hypoxia/reoxygenation(H/R)induced neonatal rat ventricular cells(NRVCs)injury and its related signaling pathways.Methods ApoJ high expression was achieved by infection with recombinant adenovirus in NRVCs.The three gas incubator was used to establish H/R model,SOD mimetic Mn(Ⅲ) tetrakis(4-benzoic acid)porphyrin chloride and eIF2α dephosphory inhibitor Salubrinal were performed the pretreatment.The NRVCs were divided into four groups:normal control group,H/R,ApoJ group,ApoJ+ H/R group,Mn(Ⅲ)TBAP+H/R group and Salubrinal +-H/R group.The cell viability was measured by MTT assay;the leakages of LDH,the expression of SOD and caspase-3/7 activity were detected by ELISA.The protein expression levels of ApoJ,Nox2/gp91phox,caspase-12,CHOP,and the phosphorylation level of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α(eIF2α)were determined by Western blot.Results ApoJ protein in myocardial cells was highly expressed after infection by recombinant adenoviru.Compared with the control group,the cell viability and the activity of SOD were significantly decreased,the leakages of LDH and the activity of caspase-3/7 were increased in the H/R group,the pro tein expression level of Nox2/gp91phox,caspase-12 and CHOP and the phosphorylation level of eIF2α were increased.Compared with the H/R group,the leakages of LDH and the activity of caspase-3/7 in the ApoJ overexpression group,Mn(Ⅲ)TBAP group and Salubirnal group were significantly decreased.ApoJ overexpression significantly increased the cell viability and the activity of SOD.Moreover,the protein expression level of Nox2/gp91phox,caspase-12 and CHOP were significantly decreased,while the phosphorylation level of eIF2α was markedly increased.Conclusion ApoJ alleviates H/R induced myocardial cellular injury by antioxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To contrastively analyze the performance of two kinds of blood cell separators for apheresis platelets . Methods 80 blood donors were selected from 4 234 healthy apheresis platelet donors and their data before and after apheresis platelets were respectively collected by using two kinds of different blood cell separators Trima and Amicus .The product quality during the collection process ,residual WBC and RBC count ,acquisition time ,collection efficiency ,scrapping situation and safety were performed the comparative analysis between the two kinds of blood cell separator .Results In the case of the difference of the basic parameters before apheresis platelet having no statistical significance ,the two kinds of blood cell separator had no differences in the aspects of product quality ,processing blood amount and the use amount of anticoagulants(P>0 .05);but there were statisti‐cal differences in the aspects of acquisition time ,collection efficiency and pipeline residual blood amount (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Two kinds of blood cell separators have their own advantages and disadvantages during the use process ,so the blood cell separator should be selected according to the physical quality and their own characteristics of blood donors .

Objective To evaluate the methods,applicability and results of cndovascular therapy for Stanford type B aortic dissection.Methods The clinical data of 36 cases of Stanford type B aortic dissection were analysed retrospectively.The stent-grafts were introduced via femoral arteriotomy.Stent-grafts were implanted to blockade tears of aortic dissection under the guidance of DSA.Results In all cases,the aortic dissection tears were blockaded,true lumens were opened,and organs function was restored.There were not complications such as internal hemorrhage due to trauma or stent displacement on CTA 3 and 12 months after endovascular therapywhile 2 cases developed new tears.The caliber of the 36 true lumens was restored to near normal.Twenty-two pseudocoeloms were obliterated,while the others were reduced is size and had varying degrees of thrombosis.Conclusions Endovascular thcrapy is safe and effectivc for the patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection.Its clinical application has a favorable outlook.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of endovascular embolization for the treatment of cerebellar arteriouvenous malformations (AVMs) associated with aneurysm, and to discuss its technical points. Methods The clinical data of 142 patients with cerebellar AVMs were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 142 patients, 42 had concomitant aneurysms. The patients were divided into concomitant aneurysm group and without aneurysm group. Using univariate and multivariate statistical models, the patient’s gender and age, the presence or absence of hemorrhage, the lesion’s location and size, and the presence or absence of deep venous drainage were analyzed. Results A total of 61 concomitant aneurysms were detected in the 42 patients, which were located within the malformation mass (n=14) or on the feeding artery (n=47). The concomitant aneurysms located in the malformation were closely related to AVM hemorrhage and the deep venous drainage. During the follow-up period after endovascular embolization, no recurrence of bleeding was observed in all the 42 patients. Conclusion In order to reduce the relapse rate of hemorrhage, the formulation of therapeutic measures should be based on the management of the concomitant aneurysm when endovascular embolization treatment is employed for AVM associated with aneurysm.

Objective To study the drug resistance of multiple‐drug‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(MDR‐Ab) and its rela‐tive carbapenemases genes ,in order to provide references for rational use of antibacterial agents .Methods A total of 98 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii(Ab) were identified by using the MicroScan WalkAway96 automated microbial identification susceptibility testing system ,and the resistance genes ,including OXA‐23 ,OXA‐24 ,IMP ,VIM ,TEM and SHV ,were detected by using the poly‐merase chain reaction .DNA sequences of positive amplification products of the resistance gene were analysed .Results The drug re‐sistance rates of 98 strains of MDR‐Ab to penicillin class and cephalosporin class both were 100 .0% ,to imipenem and meropenem were 55 .1% and 54 .1% respectively ,to gentamicin ,amikacin and tobramycin were 100 .0% ,100 .0% and 87 .8% respectively ,to ciprofloxacin ,levofloxacin and gatifloxacin were 89 .8% ,91 .8% and 77 .6% respectively ,to sulfamethoxazole and rifampicin were 91 .8% and 100 .0% respectively ,to polymyxin B and polymyxin were 14 .3% and 11 .2% respectively ,to tetracycline ,minocycline and tigecycline were 100 .0% ,6 .1% and 4 .1% respectively .The results of resistance genes detection in 98 strains of MDR‐Ab showed that 70 strains carried TEM and OXA‐23 gene ,53 strains carried VIM gene ,41 strains carried IMP gene ,while OXA‐24 and SHV genes were not detected .DNA sequence analysis showed that the homology of OXA‐23 ,TEM ,IMP and VIM genes were 98% ,98% ,99% and 99% .Conclusion The condition of antibacterial resistance of MDR‐Ab in this area is very serious ,and TEM and OXA‐23 are the main drug resistance genes .Carrying multiple resistance genes is an important cause of MDR‐Ab resistance . The treatment of patients with Ab infection should be based on the results of drug sensitivity test for rational use of antibacterial a‐gents .

Objective: To systematically evaluate the factors affecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) among Chinese adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), so as to provide insights into establishment of personalized risk prediction models for DR. Methods: Case-control studies pertaining to factors affecting DR among Chinese adults were retrieved from international and national databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and CINAHL from inception to March 31, 2023. A meta-analysis was performed using the software Stata 17.0, and subgroup analysis was performed to explore the source of heterogeneity. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the leave-one-out method, and the publication bias was evaluated using the Egger's test and trim-and-fill method. Results: Totally 4 969 publications were retrieved, and 35 case-control studies were finally enrolled, including 32 high-quality publications (91.43%). The included studies involved 29 228 participants and 10 568 DR patients, and the prevalence of DR was 36.16%. Meta-analysis revealed that age (OR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.00-1.13), duration of T2DM (OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.08-1.11), systolic blood pressure (OR=1.02, 95%CI: 1.01-1.03), glycated hemoglobin A1c (OR=1.38, 95%CI: 1.26-1.50), fasting blood glucose (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.07-2.31), urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (OR=1.50, 95%CI: 1.10-2.04), serum uric acid (OR=1.01, 95%CI: 1.00-1.01), urine microprotein (OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.96-2.07), triglyceride (OR=1.77, 95%CI: 1.42-2.21), and total cholesterol (OR=1.82, 95%CI: 1.50-2.21) were risk factors for DR, and glomerular filtration rate (OR=0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-0.98) and C-peptide (OR=0.79, 95%CI: 0.68-0.93) were protective factors for DR. Sensitivity analysis of age effects was not robust. Following adjustment for glomerular filtration rate with the trim-and-fill method, there was still a publication bias, and the publication bias of other influencing factors had no impact on pooled effects. Conclusions Age, course of T2DM, systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin A1c, fasting blood glucose, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, serum uric acid, urine microprotein, triglyceride and total cholesterol were risk factors, and glomerular filtration rate and C-peptide were protective factors for DR among Chinese adults.

Objective: To analyze the magnitude of blood flow energy and characteristics of frequency domain between pulsatile flow and nonpulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass and physiological flow. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2017, 60 cases of patients with mitral valve disease scheduled for mitral valve replacement or repair at Department of Cardiasurgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University were randomly divided into 2 groups: pulsatile perfusion (PP) and non-pulsatile perfusion (NP). The magnitude of blood flow energy during pulsatile and non-pulsatile was calculated using energy equivalent pressure (EEP) and surplus hemodynamic energy (SHE) while fast Fourier transformation (FFT) was used to perform power spectral density analysis to identify the frequency domain characteristics between artificial and physiological flow (prior to CPB). The data was analyzed by analysis of variance or t test. Results: At the different time-points after occlusion, the EEP and SHE in PP group were respectively 1.52 to 1.62 and 2.03 to 2.22 times higher than NP at the distal of artery filter. The power density analysis revealed that the blood flow energy of physiological pulsatile flow patterns was within 40 Hz and the ratio of low frequency energy was more than 90% before clamp. The spectral energy ratio of low frequency decreased in both group compared with physiological flow was more obvious in NP group at the radial artery. The ratio of estimated value of power density of PP and NP groups analysis showed the corresponding 0 to 5 Hz, 0 to 10 Hz, 0 to 40 Hz frequency range values measured at the radial artery and filter were 9.51, 4.68, 3.59 and 3.87, 2.69, 2.38 respectively after occulusion. In each frequency range, the energy of PP is higher than that of NP, and the lower the frequency, the greater the difference. The ratio of estimated value of power density of PP and NP groups for the three frequencies measured at the radial artery before and after occlusion were 2.86, 2.83, 2.75 and 14.70, 12.74, 9.85 respectively, and decreased significantly in NP group and low frequency energy. The ratio of estimated value of power density of PP and NP groups under the three different frequencies measured at the radial artery and filter were 26.35, 33.15, 37.36 and 37.41, 54.18, 56.64 respectively, in the conduction process from filter to radial artery, energy exhaustion is significant, especially in group NP. Conclusions The PP provides significantly more energy than the NP whereby the PP is closer to the physiological pulsatile on the energy frequency structure and attenuation characteristics, with mainly low frequency energy of 0 to 5 Hz and weak energy attenuation. The energy loss of non-pulsatile flow is obvious, especially the low frequency energy.

Due to difficult healing, wounds become chronic diseases in many patients, and bring heavy burden to family and society in China. Although there are many studies about wound repair at present, its mechanism remains unclear. An increasing number of studies showed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), exosomes, and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) play different important roles in the regulation of different phases of wound repair. This review focuses on the function and mechanism of MSCs, exosomes, and PRP in wound repair.

Objective To indentify the risk factors of hemorrhage of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in children,and further conclude the treatment strategies and safety of these patients by endovascular embolization.Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with AVMs aged 3-14 years,admitted to our hospital from June 2005 to June 2015,were retrospectively analyzed.The risk factors of hemorrhage of these patients were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses;and the treatment strategies by endovascular embolization were analyzed.Results Univariate analysis indicated that small size of malformation vascular mass was the independent risk factor of hemorrhage for patients with AVMs in children (OR=0.292,95％CI:0.106-0.805,P=0.017).For 56 patients treated by endovascular embolization,a total of 121 feeding pedicles were embolized,and the mean obliteration rate of AVMs was 79％ (20％-100％).Finally,only 9 patients (7.9％) suffered embolization-related complications,such as headache,facial paralysical,hemianopsia,and activity obstacle;however,no patients suffered severe disability or death.After a follow-up of 2 months to 36 months (mean=17 months),all childem had favorable outcome,and none suffered intracerebral hemorrhage or recurrent AVMs.Conclusions Small size of malformation vascular mass is the independent risk factor of hemorrhage of patients with AVMs in children.The endovascular embolization of patients with intracranial AVM in children is efficacy and safe with few complications.