ObjectiveTo observe and evaluate the efficacy of Clostridium Butyricum Powder for preventing childhood diarrhea after pneumonia. Methods176 infants with pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups,100 infants as prevention group, another 76 infants as control group. With normal antibacterial therapy,and two hours afterwards. Clostridium Butyricum Powder was administered at doses of 0.5g three times a day,in prevention group.After diarrhea taken place, Clostridium Butyricum Powder was administered at doses of 0. 5 g three times a day, in control group. Clinical effect and untoward effect were observed. ResultsThe incidence of pneumonia-induced diarrhea was 9% in prevention group,and was 46. 8% in control group( P < 0. 01 ). Duration of diarrhea and course of the treatment in prevention group as compared to those in the control group were statistically significant( P < 0. 01 ).Adverse reaction was not found. ConclusionClostridium Butyricum Powder can prevent diarrhea after pneumonia with antibacterial therapy.

Complement-induced polymorphonuclearcytes (PMN) aggregate in microvasculature of vital organs, produce microemboli, and block microcirculation blood flow. Activated PMN release oxygen free radicals, prostaglandins and proteases, in turn, damage endothelial and parenchyma cells. This is an important factor in pathogenesis of multiple system organ failure. We have found that Sinomeuine and Sodium Ferulate prevented PMN aggregation induced by activated complement. Adding the drugs into PMN suspension treated with cytochalasin B, the zymosan activated plasma, PMN aggregation was prevented. The changes of light transmission were smaller than those of control without drugs recorded with platelet aggregometer. The 50% of PMN aggregation inhibition with Sinomeuine was 0.76mg/ml (1.gmmol/L), and 0.82mg/ml (3.8mmol/L) with Sodium Ferulate.

After a description of the development in Chinese minority medicine and medical documents, the class (R29) for Chinese minority medical documents offered in Chinese Library Book Classification,5th edition was analyzed. The limitations for the classification of Chinese minority medical documents offered in Chinese Library Book Classifi-cation,5th editionwere pointed out, including no classes for the modern researches and subjects in Chinese minority medical documents , with strategies put forward for adding classes in R29 for Chinese minority medical documents in Chinese Library Book Classification,5th edition.

The U.S.Armed Forces Forward Surgical Team ( FST) was first used in the Gulf War , while Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom represented the largest military operations to date in which the FST has been utilized.The FST was an integral and major component of the Medical Brigade and provided support for echelon Ⅱmedical care.This paper describes the development of FST , investigates the roles, organization and training of FST and finally brings forward some enlightenment for health service development of Chinese PLA .

Objective To investigate the role of CD4+CD25+regulatory T cells and CD4+CD25gigh regulatory T cells in peripheral blood and decidua in the pathogenesis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).Methods Peripheral blood and decidua CD4+CD25+regulatory T ceHs and CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells in 30 ICP patients(15 mild ICP and 15 severe ICP)and 28 normal pregnant women were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results The percentage of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and CD4+cD25high regulatory T cells in the CD4+T cells population in both peripheral blood and decidua in ICP patients were significantly lower than those in control women[(7.96±1.32)%vs(17.05 ±2.86)%,(17.18±2.27)%vs(32.01±3.88)%;(0.78±0.22)%vs(1.71±0.69)%,(2.25±0.89)%vs(8.30±1.13)%;P<0.01].Meanwhile,a significantly higher percentage of CD4+CD25+regulatory T ceHs and CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells in the C4+T cells population was observed in all decidua samples compared to peripheral blood both in ICP patients(P<0.01)and in control women(P<0.01).In addition,the percentages ofCD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells and CD4+CD25high regulatory T ceHs in the CD4+ T cell population in both decidua and peripheral blood in severe ICP[(15.94±1.95)%,(7.17±1.17)%,(1.87±0.90)%,(0.68±0.19)%]were lower than those in mild ICP [(18.43±1.90)%,(8.74±0.96)%,(2.62±0.72)%,(0.89±0.20)%] and normal pregnancy(all P<0.05).Conclusions CD4+CD25high regulatory T cell may play all important role in the pathogenesis of ICP and control of disease progression.

The "free" and "bound" forms of cholinc in food were determined by a rapid method in which extraction and hydrolysis were accomplished simulta- neously with a barium hydroxide-methanol-chloroform mixture. The choline was isolated by adsorption on a Florisil column. By passing ammonium rei-neckate through the column, a pink band of choline reineckate was formed. The choline reineckate could be eluted by acetone and its concentration was determined by measuring the absorbance of eluate of the reineckate band by spectrophotometer at 526nm.This method is accurate, rapid, easy to handle. The RSD is 2.43%. The recoveries of added choline ranged from 96.7% to 101.7%.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the chemical compositions of the volatile oil in the fruits of Litsea chingpingensis. METHODS: The volatile oil was extracted by wet distillation and its constituents were analyzed by GC-MS. The relative percentage of each constituent was determined by GC area normalization method. RESULTS: A total of 24 chemical compounds were identified, which included ?-Citral (28.32%), ?-Citral (22.28%), Cinene (12.15%), Nerol (4.98%), 1,8-Cineole (4.67%), and 6-Methyl-5-hepten-2-one (4.35%) etc. CONCLUSION: This study serves as a scientific basis for the further development and utilization of Litsea chingpingensis.

Objective To detect the expression and significance of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3(SOCS3) in the placentas of pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Methods Totally, 44 ICP gravidas, including 21 severe ICP and 23 mild ICP who delvered through cesarean section at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from April 2008 to January 2009, were selected as the ICP group, and another 25 healthy pregnant women were chosen as control. Placentas of the above gravidas were collected and the expression and localization of SOCS3 were determined by immunohistochemical peroxidase streptomyces-avidin link (SP) method (indicated by the percentage ofpositive cells and average gray scale) and the levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ)from placenta homogenation were measured by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA). Results(1) SOCS3 were expressed in placentas of both groups mainly in the intracytoplasma of trophocyte.However, weakly positive, positive, and strongly positive expressions were found in the severe ICP, mild ICP and the control group, respectively. Almost no expression was detected in membrane and nucleus of the trophoblasts. (2) The percentage of SOCS3 positive cells in the severe ICP group was significantly lower than in the control and the mild ICP group, respectively [ (0.15±0.08)% vs (0.69±0.12)% and (0.42±0.09) % , P < 0.01 ]. The average gay SOCS3 in placental tissue in the severe ICP group was significantly higher than that in control and mild ICP group, respectively (204 ±7 vs 81 ±7 and 147 ± 7, P <0.01 ).(3) Significant lower level of IL-10 in placenta homogenation was found in the severe ICP group than in the control and mild ICP group [ ( 1.16 ± 0.68) μg/L, vs ( 1.39 ± 0.08) μg/L and ( 1.22 ± 0.75 ) μg/L,P < 0.01 ]. (4) The opposite results were found in the level of IFN-γin trophoblasts and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 [ severe ICP group: ( 16.8 ± 0.7 ) μg/L and 16.02 ± 2.79; control group: ( 10.5 ± 0.3 ) μg/L and8.56 ±0.14; mild ICP group: ( 13.4 ±0.5) μg/L and 8.56 ±0.14, P <0.01]. (5) Negative correlation was shown between the percentage of SOCS3 positive cells in trophoblasts and the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 ( r =-0.685 and -0.702, P < 0.01 ), and the average gay SOCS3 was positively correlated with the ratio of IFN-γ/IL-10 (r=0.621 and 0.891, P<0.01) in both mild and severe ICP group. Conclousions SOCS3 may participate in the pathogenesis of ICP and its expression may affected by the severity of ICP, and SOCS3may also play a role in the immunological regulation in ICP patients.

Chronic cough is one of the common symptoms of pediatric respiratory. The diagnosis of chronic cough is complicated, and the curative effect is not clear. At present, studies on chronic cough in children are still in the preliminary stage. This article summarized the etiology, pathogenesis and clinical treatment of chronic cough.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common severe gastrointestinal emergency in neonatal period. Searching biomarkers to identify infants at greatest risk of developing NEC might be of importance for early diagnosis, effective treatment and better prognosis of NEC. Biomarkers from stool and urine attract great attention due to non-invasiveness and easy availability of fecal and urinary sampling. This article reviews the latest research progress of non-invasive biomarkers including intestinal fatty acid binding protein, serum amyloid A, complement C3a and C5a in urine;fecal lactoferrin, intestinal bacteria spectrum, fecal calprotectin, S100A12 and high mobility group box-1 protein.