[Summary] The general status of glycemic control and insulin initiation are not optimistic in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes.Chinese patients experience pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and reduction of early phase insulin spike earlier and more severely compared to Caucasians.These can cause more significant postprandial hyperglycaemia which is further deteriorated by traditional carbohydrate-rich Chinese diet.Therefore,premixed insulin may be a more appropriate option of insulin initiation therapy for Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To analyze the effect of Montelukast combined with Beclomethasone in the treatment of asthma and the influence on the levels of serum immunoglobulin E(IgE),interleukin 4(IL-4) and tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) .Methods 88 children with pediatric asthma were divided into the two groups according to random number table method,44 cases were in each group.The control group was only treated with Beclomethasone, once a day,while the observation group was treated with Montelukast combined with Beclomethasone,10mg,once a day,last for 3 months.The levels of serum IgE,IL-4 and TNF-αof the two groups before and after treatment was observed.The clinical effective rate and adverse reactions were evaluated.Results After the treatment,the levels of serum IgE,IL-4 and TNF-αof the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment ( t=2.21,2.44, 2.21,9.61,9.02,9.61,all P<0.05);The clinical total effective rate of the observation group was 93.18%,which was obviously higher than 72.73%of the control group(χ2 =6.51,P<0.05);The adverse reactions of the control group and observation group was 3 cases(6.82%),6 cases(13.64%),respectively,the symptom was lighter,there was no statistical significance of the incidence of adverse drug reactions(χ2 =1.11,P>0.05).Conclusion There was good curative effect and security of Montelukast and Beclomethasone in the treatment ofasthma,which significantly reduced the levels of serum IgE,IL-4 and TNF-αand inhibited the action of the airway chronic inflammation.

Objective To probe diagnosis, treatment, and summerize their experiences of the ductal carci-noma of breast. Methods The clinical data of 74 cases with ductal carcinoma of breast were retrospectively analyse. Results In all of 74 cases,37 underwent modified radical mastectomy, 10 experienced simple masteetomy and 27 received breast conserving surgery. The prognosis was good, and all patients survived. Conclusions Breast mam-mography photography ean enhance the early detection rates of duetal earcinoma, especially for patients with non-lo-calized tumors. Breast conserving surgery is the right treatment claimed for ductai carcinoma.

Amino Acid Motifs ; genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; genetics ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Gene Products, pol ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; virology ; Humans ; Lamivudine ; therapeutic use ; Mutation ; Phytotherapy ; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; genetics

Objective To investigate the relationship of clinical pathological features and FOXC1 expression in NPC tissues.Methods 101 cases of nasopharyngeal tissues and 64 cases of chronic inflammatory nasopharyngeal mucosa tissue were selected and detected by immunohistochemistry SP method,and the relationship between the ex-pression of FOXC1 and the clinical pathological features were analyzed.Results The expression of Foxc1 in nasopha-ryngeal carcinoma and nasopharyngeal mucosa inflammatory tissue mainly located in the nucleus,the positive expres-sion rate (84.16%)in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)was significantly higher than that in chronic nasopharynge-al mucosa (44.44%),(χ2 =65.213,P<0.05).There was no significant relationship among FOXC1 positive expres-sion and sex,age,and clinical stage.FOXC1 positive expression with lymph node metastasis was higher than that with-out lymph node metastasis.Conclusion The expression of FOXC1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues is significant-ly up-regulated,which may play an important role in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma,and has a guid-ing significance for clinical diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Objective To summarize the clinical features,diagnosis and treatment of acute nitrite poisoning by analysis of clinical cases.Methods Twenty-two cases of acute nitrite poisoning were reported.The clinical manifestations and therapeutic effect of methylene blue were analyzed.Twenty-two cases were confirmed as nitrite poisoning caused after curing.Only 1 case had a history of definite oral nitrite at emergency time.The common clinical symptoms were nausea,vomiting,chest tightness,palpitations,dizziness and fatigue.Serious cases had loss of consciousness,breathing difficulties and even coma,respiratory failure.All of the 22 cases had signs of skin and mucous membrane cyanosis.Lips and nail bed was the main and common part of cyanosis.Specific antidote methylene blue was adjusted dosage according to the cyanosis.Results All of the 22 cases were cured without complications.Sixteen cases were intravenous push methylene blue 20 mg,and the symptoms of cyanosis and chest tightness released,after observation for 24 h,and to be away from hospital.Five cases were given methylene blue 40 mg within 30 min,and released.One case who want to commit suicide,13 years old,body weight 40 kg,was given methylene blue 60 mg within 30 min and was given mechanical ventilation,gastric lavage,after 3 d and to be away from hospital.All patients had no sequel.Conclusions The clinical symptoms of nitrite poisoning patients are nonspecific.The patients with cyanosis signs is safe and effective treating with methylene blue.Appropriate application of methylene blue can obviously shorten the course of acute nitrite poisoning.

Objective To study Ephedra sinica in preventing hyperacute rejection in guinea pig-to-rat cardiac xenotransplantation. Methods The recipient rats were divided into two groups: control group and experiment group, according to whether administrated complement inhibiting component (CIC) from Ephedra sinica. In 15 min after operation, 4 rats from control group and 4 from experiment group were sacrificed to detect the pathologic changes in cardiac tissues. The complement parameters including CH_(50), APH_(50), and C_(3) were determined during the period of 0, 10, 15, 30, 45 min in serial serum. Results The survival time was significantly prolonged and pathological changes were less in experiment group than that in control group. Conclusion The study reveals that both classical pathway and alternative pathway of complement activation can be induced by xenotransplantation and Ephedra sinica can prolong the xenograft time by inhibiting complement activities and postposing hyperacute rejection.

Objective:To investigate the effects of vecuronium on the electrophysiology in neuromuscular junction of rat diaphragm in an isolated non-uniform stretched muscle preparation(INSMP).Methods: The INSMP was made in healthy adult rats which were sacrificed rapidly.The amplitude and frequency of miniature endplate potentials(MEPP) and endplate potentials(EPP) were recorded before and after the INSMP was treated with vecuronium at 4.0 ?g/ml(4?ED_(95)),2.0 ?g/ml(2?ED_(95)),1.0 ?g/ml(1?ED_(95)),and 0.5 ?g/ml(0.5?ED_(95)) separately.Results: Vocuronium at 0.5 ?g/ml had no obvious effect on the amplitude and frequency of MEPP and the amplitude of EPP,but vocuronium at 1 ?g/ml had significant inhibitive effects on the amplitude and frequency of MEPP and the amplitude of EPP 5 min after treatment(P

Experiences of needling techniques of Professor LI Ya- fang is introduced in this article. Gentle and superficial insertion is adopted by Professor LI in clinic. Emphases are put on the qi regulation function, needling sensation to the affected region and insertion with both hands, especially the function of the left hand as pressing hand. The gentle and superficial insertion should be done as the follows: hold the needle with the right hand, press gently along the running course of meridians with the left hand to promote qi circulation, hard pressing should be applied at acupoints to disperse the local qi and blood, insert the needle gently and quickly into the subcutaneous region with the right hand, and stop the insertion when patient has the needling sensation. While the fast needling is characterized with shallow insertion and swift manipulation: the left hand of the manipulator should press first along the running course of the meridian, and fix the local skin, hold the needle with the right hand and insert the needle quickly into the acupoint. Withdrawal of the needle should be done immediately after the reinforcing and reducing manipulations. Professor LI is accomplished in qi regulation. It is held by him that regulating qi circulation is essence of acupuncture, letting the patient get the needling sensation is the most important task of needling. Lifting, thrusting and rotation manipulations should be applied to do reinforcing or reducing. The tissue around the tip of the needle should not be too contracted or too relaxed, and the resistance should not be too strong or too weak. The feeling of the insertion hand of the practitioner should not be too smooth or too hesitant. Needle should be inserted into the skin quickly at the moment of hard pressing by the left hand. And then, slow rotation and gentle lifting and thrusting can be applied to promote the needling sensation like electric current pass through and to reach the affected region along the running course of meridians.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Adult ; Facial Paralysis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; therapy

OBJECTIVE To establish the distribution and the drug resistance of the pathogens of lower respiratory tract infections in a comprehensive intensive care unit(ICU).METHODS The bacterial culturing and the tests on the antibiotic from the deep phlegm in an ICU of the hospital from 2004 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS Totally 408 phlegm samples were tested and 216 of them had bacteria,the positive rate was 52.94%.From them were isolated 240 strains of bacteria(among them 12 samples with 2 kinds of bacteria).The strains of Gram-negative bacteria were 172 and the positive rate was 71.7%,there were 35 strains of Gram-positive cocci with the positive rate of 14.6%.And there were 33 strains of fungi,the positive rate was 13.7%.Acinetobacter baumannii occupied the first place.The lowest drug resistance rate of the Gram-negatives was to SCF(0.0%),IMP(17.8%),and LEV((20.0%)).All Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin,no vancomycin resistant.Staphylococcus were found.Candida albicans was sensitive to all tested drugs.CONCLUSIONS The isolation rate of A.baumannii is significant higher than reported before and its drug resistance is heavier.It indicated the importance of monitoring bacterial distribution and drug resistance dynamics.