Objective:To analysis and discussion the effects of undergraduate nursing students to improve results in digestive endoscopy nursing skills by using situational approach.Methods: One hundred undergraduate nursing students of 2010 session in our school were randomly divided into a control group and the experimental group, control group used to explain the observation approach, the experimental group to implement the simulation methodology in this basis, two months later, to evaluate the effect of the digestive endoscopy nursing skills for both two groups.Results: Post-intervention, control group of digestive endoscopy theoretical knowledge points, skills to operate were 81 points, 62 points; experimental group theoretical knowledge of digestive endoscopy division, operating skills were 91 points, 81 points, The experimental group was significantly better than the control group.Conclusion: The situational approach can effectively improve the nursing theoretical knowledge and skills for undergraduate nursing students in the process of digestive endoscopy nursing.

Objective To investigate mental health and personality characteristics of supercargoes. Methods Catell 16 Personality Factor Test (16PF) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) were used in 470 supercargoes for quantitative analysis. Pearson correlation analysis, multiple regressions and t test were used for data analysis. Results The participants showed a significantly lower score, although specific items were higher than normal models. There was no difference in different age groups. 16PF were positively correlated with total score of SCL-90, except for gregariousness, intelligence, ambition, fantasy,worldly-wisdom,creativity and independency. All factors in SCL-90 were significantly related with the subfactor (i. e. adaptation and anxiety) of 16PF. Conclusion The mental health of supercargoes may not be optimistic,and the personality problems may have some effects on their mental health.

Of all 58 cases of knee osteoarthritis treated by acupuncture and moxibustion, 42 cases were recovered,(accounting for 72.5%), 14 cases were obviously improved (accounting for 24.1%), and 2 cases were ineffective (accounting for 3.4%). The total effective rate was 96.6%. This result demonstrated that acupuncture and moxibnstiou therapy has the good functions of dredging meridians and collaterals, activating qi and blood circulation, dispelling cold and dampness, and removing swollen to stop pain.

Objective To explore risk factors of neurosurgical patients in bed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and to compare the Autar Scale with the Caprini Scale for predicting DVT formation. Methods Retrospective analysis of DVT risk factors was conducted on sixty-eight cases neurosurgical patients in bed of three hospitals. In addition, used two kinds of risk assessment scales to assess patient′s level of DVT risk. Results Coma (OR=9.410,95%CI=1.689-52.423), paralysis (OR=4.950,95%CI=1.432-17.105) , infection (OR=2.927,95%CI=1.162-7.373), lower limb central venous catheterization (OR=6.072,95%CI=2.187-16.858) may be risk factors for DVT in neurosurgical patients in bed. The two risk assessment tools were used within 24 hours after admission (χ2=34.861) and within 24 hours after surgery (χ2=52.869) to predict differences in neurosurgical patients with thrombosis risk level, with statistical significance (P < 0.01). Conclusions Nurses should identify risk factors of DVT every day and take preventive measures early to reduce the risks. The Caprini Scale is better than the Autar Scale for predicting DVT formation.

OBJECTIVE:To provide a reference for setting codes in national New Rural Cooperative Medical System (NRC-MS) drug catalog. METHODS:Current conditions of drug catalog coding at home and abroad were introduced,the problems in the process of setting codes in national NRCMS drug catalog were analyzed and the countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS& CONCLUSIONS:Existing drug catalog codes mainly include those published by World Health Organization(WHO)in anatomi-cal,therapeutic and chemical classification system,and those in Chemical (Raw Material and Preparation) Classification and Code of China,Classification and Code of Drugs Covered by Social Insurance,meanwhile,the setting code method of relevant drugs can be also learnt from Chinese Pharmacopoeia and National Essential Drug List,etc. In setting codes in national NRCMS drug catalog,there were problems such as difficulty in classifying and mapping drug codes,insufficient authority of references for drug codes,too many reference standards for drug codes,and poor normalization of drug code extension. We should further refer to definitely authoritative standards for drug codes,establish appropriate rules on drug code integrated mapping,develop uniform and perfect drug code category set,and establish a system subject to continuous update and an effective evaluation mechanism,to solve the problems in the process of setting codes in national NRCMS drug catalog.

Objective:To promote the application of the best evidence in the prevention of venous thrombosis in patients with lung cancer in thoracic surgery, so as to improve the nursing management, elevate the nursing quality and reduce the incidence of venous thrombosis.Methods:High quality literature guidelines related to perioperative venous thromboembolism prevention of lung cancer were searched and screened, and the evidence was extracted. Combined with clinical background, nursing strategies were generated through expert demonstration meetings and used as clinical review indicators. On the basis of evidence-based i-PARIHS as the theoretical framework, through the establishment of core groups, removal of existing obstacles, education and training and quality control, the evidence was applied to the clinical practice effectively, and the data were collected by means of on-the-spot observation and consulting cases, and the effect of evidence application was evaluated from the three aspects including system, nurses and patients.Results:Systemically speaking, in the process of evidence application, the department established the standards and procedures for perioperative venous thromboembolism prevention of lung cancer patients, improved thrombus risk assessment tools, made educational materials, brought thrombus prevention into the scope of quality control, and optimized the organizational environment with full consideration of manpower and materials. For nurses, after the application of evidence, the scores of nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice of venous thromboembolism prevention were (17.6 ± 1.8), (17.4 ± 1.8), (18.8 ± 1.2), (53.8 ± 2.9) respectively, which were higher than those before the application of evidence (12.0 ± 2.9), (14.5 ± 2.8), (11.6 ± 2.7), (38.3 ± 5.1), the differences were significant ( t values were -11.40 - -3.90, all P<0.05). For patients, the incidence of venous thromboembolism before the application of evidence was 4.7% (19/403), and venous thromboembolism after the application of evidence was 0 (0/118), and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 value was 5.774, P<0.05). Conclusions:The best evidence of perioperative venous thromboembolism of lung cancer on the basis of evidence-based is of great scientificity. Its application on clinical practice could effectively optimize the systematic organizational environment, standardize nursing behavior, improve nursing quality, and reduce the occurrence of venous thromboembolism in patients with lung cancer surgical procedures.

Objective To investigate the effects of propofol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced brain injury in rats.Methods Fifty-four pathogen-free SD rats of both sexes, aged 6 weeks, weighing 200-250 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (group C, n = 6) ; LPS group (group L, n = 24) ; propofol group (group P, n = 24) . Brain injury was produced by injection of LPS 1 mg/kg via the left internal carotid artery in L and P groups. Propofol 100 mg/kg was injected intraperitonealry immediately after the LPS administration in group P, while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead of propofol in group L. The equal volume of normal saline was given instead of LPS and propofol in group C. Six rats in each group were sacrificed and the brain tissues were immediately removed at 24 h after intraperitoneal administration in group C, and at 6, 24, 48 and 72 h after intraperitoneal administration in L and P groups for determination of brain water content, high-mobility group box 1 ( HMGB1) expression and NF-κB activity, and microscopic examination. Results The brain water content and NF-kB activity were significantly increased, and HMGB1 expression was up-regulated in group L as compared to group C (P ＜ 0.05) . The brain water content, expression of HMGB1 and NF-kB activity were significantly lower in group P than in group L ( P ＜ 0.05) . The microscopic examination showed that brain injury was attenuated in group P compared with group L. The brain water content was positively correlated with the HMGB1 expression and NF- κB activity (r = 0.692 and 0.769 respectively, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Propofol can reduce the LPS- induced brain injury by reducing inflammatory response of the brain tissues.

Problem tracking method is used in dynamic and systematic tracking of the dual-signature on blood test tubes at wards of the hospital as carried out by the blood transfusion team.This practice is designed to routinely identify problems in implementation of blood transfusion safety regulations,develop and apply reform plans for overall improvement of the safety.

Objective To observe clinical therapeutic effect of treatment of knee joint-effusion with moxibustion plus auricular point sticking.Methods 35 cases(51 knees)of knee joint effusion were treated by moxibustion plus auricular points sticking for once daily.Results The total effective rate was 96.1%.Conclusion The treatment of moxibustion plus auricular point sticking has a definite therapeutic effect on knee joint-effusion with the function of reducing swelling and alleviating pain,being worthy of spread.

Objective To identify routine forensic samples by genotyping method for HLA - A locus. Method A two - step PCR - SSP method was established. The first step is amplification with a pair of primers specific for all HLA - A alleles, the second step is amplification with primers specific for HLA - A30, A31, A33 respectively, using the first step amplification product as template. Secondly amplified PCR products were genotyped by electro-phoresis. Results 100 blood stains with a serological typing result of HLA - A30, A31 and A33 were tested with this method. The discrepancy rate between serological and genetic typing was 29%. Seminal stains, salivary stains reserved for 2 years and blood stains reserved for 18 years in room temperature gave satisfactory results. Conclusions It is better to replace serological typing by genetic typing. A two - step PCR - SSP genotyping method can be applied to forensic samples.