The mortality rate of portal hypertension complicated with variceal bleeding in decompensated liver cirrhosis patients decreased dramatically in recent three decades,mainly benefited from the“forward blood flow”hypothesis proposed in the 1980s and splanchnic vascular tone theory to explain the mechanism of portal hypertension in advanced liver cirrhosis,thereby introducing clinically three types of drugs,namely,somatostatin and its derivatives,terlipressin,and nonselective beta blockers. The abovementioned drugs together with endoscopic variceal ligation, sclerotherapy and histoacryl injection have made a milestone contribution to the dramatic decreasing of mortality rate in liver cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension and bleeding. Recent advances in knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of increase of hepatic portal blood inflow,hepatic sinusoidal endothelium dysfunction and neovascularization form the basis of current emerging therapies for portal hypertension. We can expect that most likely this will result in more effective treatment and prevention for portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis patients.

Acromegaly is an endocrine and metabolic disease with insidious onset. Delays in its diagnosis and treatment significantly increase the incidence of complications. Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment are extremely important for the prognosis of patients with acromegaly. Based on a large quantity of evidence in recent years, Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acromegaly(2020) has standardized the diagnosis and the treatment strategies of acromegaly. In the non-surgical treatment section, according to the categories of drugs used to treat acromegaly, the indications, selection, administration, dosage and precautions of pharmaceutical treatment have been clarified with specific recommendations. It is hoped that the new consensus can further guide and standardize the clinical management of acromegaly.

Anemia, Iron-Deficiency ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Child ; Humans

Child ; Child Nutrition Disorders ; Child Nutrition Sciences ; Humans ; Malnutrition ; Nutritional Status

ObjectiveTo study the effect of salmon calcitonin in treating knee osteoarthritis.MethodsFortyeight cases of knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into four groups,twelve cases each group.A group:acetaminophen+glucosamine hydrochloride,B group:meloxicam+glucosamine hydrochloride,C group:salmon calcitonin + glucosamine hydrochloride,D group:salmon calcitonin.Acetaminophen and meloxicam can stop as pain symptoms disappeared.Other drugs were treated for 12 weeks.A follow up was carried out to compare visual analogue score and 12-item short form health survey.ResultsTwelve weeks later,A,B,C,D four groups' visual analogue score decreased from before treatment 5.6±1.2,5.5±1.2,5.4±1.0,5.1±l.2 to 1.9±0.8,1.2±0.7,0.8±0.6,0.9±0.7,12-item short form health survey score from before treatment - 23.4±3.1,- 23.8±3.0,-24.8 ±3.8,-22.4±2.8 to -15.1±4.7、- 14.5±4.7,-9.3±6.2,-10.2±5.3.There was significant difference before and after treatment in every group(P＜ 0.05).The visual analogue scores of B,C and D group outweigh A group's (P＜ 0.05).A and B groups'scores of 12-item short form health survey were lower to C and D groups' ( P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsSalmon calcitonin can relieve pain in treating knee osteoarthritis.

Carbohydrate antigen-125 is a nonspecific tumor marker,which was used as an aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with ovarian cancer in the past.But recent studies find that CA-125 in patients with liver disease also has different expression levels.In this article,we review the expression levels,related mechanisms and the significance of CA-125 in different liver disease.

Adult ; Arsenic Poisoning ; Arsenicals ; Humans ; Indium ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the related problems in the application of the cost-effectiveness analysis in pharmacoeconomics METHODS:To discuss the problems in the cost-effectiveness analysis by means of literature metrology,pharmacoeconomic criteria and mathematical proof RESULTS & CONCLUSION:When the cost-effectiveness analysis is adopted in evaluating the economy of drugs,we should especially pay attention to the selection of the clinical treatment indices,the calculation of costs,the usage of the incremental analysis and the comparison with the cost-minimization analysis

?7nAChR, an important neurotransmitter recptor,is w il dly expressed in the central and peripheral neuronal system, which is involved i n neuronal signal transduction and the regulation of physiological functions in the central neuronal system. Several studies have demonstrated that ?7nAChR is identified in non-neuronal cells such as endothelial cells, vascular smooth mus cle cells, bronchial epithelial cells, skin keralinocytes and is involved in the regulation of mitosis,differentiation, organization of the cytoskeleton, cell -cell contact, locomotion and migration. These (in vitro and in vivo) s tudies indicated that ?7nAChR participated in the secretion and release of seve ral bioactivity molecules in endothelial cells, mediated intercellular signal tr ansduction, and regulated angiogenesis. These studies suggested an endogenous ch olinergic target for angiogenesis mediated by endothelial ?7nAChR.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect and mechanism of Curcumenol against leukemia and to provide theoretical basis for the development and utilization of Curcumenol.METHODS:Curcumenol liposomes were prepared by mechanical dispersion method and ultrasonic method.MTT method was used to detect the inhibitory effects of Curcumenol and other drug on L1210 proliferation in mice with Lymphocytic leukemia.The apoptosis of L1210 cells induced by Curcumenol was observed under confocal microscope by trypan blue exclusion test and Hoechst 33258/PI double staining.RESULTS: Curcumenol significantly inhibited the proliferation of L1210 cells and induced apoptosis of L1210 cells.CONCLUSION: The anti-tumor effect of Curcumenol is possibly achieved by inducing the apoptosis of L1210 cells.