Objective To evaluate the protective effects of the antisense peptide of C5a(NH_(2)-EARLQRVFLYVNPS-COOH) on lung injury of mouse sepsis model by cecal ligation and puncture(CLP).Methods Mice were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture(CLP).Forty mice received 0.5 mg/ml antisense peptide of C5a at the dose of 1,2,4,8 mg/kg through the tail vein after CLP,with ten mice receiving physiological saline as control and the survival rate was observed.The pathological change of the lung and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen,lung wet weight/dry weight and myeloperoxidase(MPO) were determined in normal controls,sham operation mice,CLP mice and CLP mice recceiving antisense peptide at dose of 4 mg/kg(n=10 in each group).Results The mice receiving antisense peptide at dose of over 2 mg/kg had higher 96-hour survival rate(P

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is currently the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Angiogenesis, the formation of new vasculature, is a complex and strictly regulated process that promotes metastasis and disease progression in lung cancer and other malignancies. Anti-angiogenic therapy is an anti-cancer strategy that targets the new vessels. Most anti-cancer agents used in the clinic include cytotoxic drugs, which target all rapidly dividing cells, resulting in severe adverse effects. These effects in-clude immunosuppression, intestinal problems, and hair loss. By contrast, anti-angiogenic agents theoretically exhibit fewer side effects because angiogenesis rarely occurs in healthy adults, except in the uterine endometrium. Various angiogenic factors may contribute to the regulation of angiogenesis in the individual tumor;thus, the proper selection of patients who may benefit from a specific therapy is important, considering the increasing number of clinically tested agents. This study provides an overview of angiogenic molecules cur-rently being investigated as prognostic and predictive biomarkers in NSCLC. Clinical examples are presented to show the rationales for investigating various biomarkers of pre-clinical studies.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),a commonly used imaging technique,has been extensively investigated in lung cancer diagnosis and staging.Many studies have demonstrated that MRI can be used for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules and for the screening of lung cancer; it also has important value in TNM staging of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),with equivalent sensitivity and specificity to 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET-CT,which suggests that MRI can be used as an alternative imaging modality in noninvasive diagnosis and staging of NSCLC.

Kaempferol is a kind of flavonoid compound that exists in natural plants including fruits,vegetables and Chinese herbal medicine.Kaempferol has extensive pharmacological activities,including antitumor,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anxiolytic,analgesic and antiallergic activities.Researches show that Kaempferol can reduce the risk of cancer,can inhibit proliferation and invasion of tumor cells by inducing apoptosis,regulating cell cycle,inhibiting angiogenesis and tumor metastasis.Meanwhile,kaempferol can suppress tumor growth by regulating the oxidative stress reaction and inhibiting inflammatory cytokines.In a word,kaempferol has broad prospects in cancer prevention and treatment.

A hybrid 18F-FDG positron emission tomography and computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET-CT) image can offer the functional and anatomic information simultaneously.Compared with conventional methods,such as CT,EUS,it has advantages in determining the TNM staging,especially in measuring the length of primary tumor and detecting the metastasis of distant lymph nodes and organs.Moreover,it can guide the treatment and evaluate therapeutic effect of esophageal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the safety and efficacy of second-generation recombinant factor Ⅷ (Kogenate FS) for treatment of patients with hemophilia A in China. METHODS: 16 patients with hemophilia A were treated with Kogenate FS. The factor Ⅷ antibodies and factorⅧ activities (FⅧ∶ C) were determined before and after the treatment. RESULTS: In the treatment of Kogenate FS for 16 patients with hemophilia A,15 (93.75%) recovered and 1 (6.25%) improved,and irreversible adverse drug reaction was seen in only 1 case. CONCLUSION: The second-generation recombinant factor Ⅷ product (Kogenate FS) was safe,efficacious and well-tolerated for patients with hemophilia A in China.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has now been the third most common cause of acquired renal failure. Diabetes mellitus (DM), the type of contrast agent used and the intra-arterial route of administration are three important risk factors inducing CIN. The incidence rate of CIN is very high in patients with DM or renal insufficiency after iodinated contrast was administered. Unfortunately, it has not yet attracted physicians’and radiologists’sufficient attention. This paper aims to make an evidence-based evaluation of the safety and rephrotoxicity of various contrast agents when they are used in patients with DM. Usually, intravenous administration of contrast media will not cause permanent damage to the kidney in highrisk patients. Low-osmolarity contrast media is relatively safe for patients with DM only, while it takes much risk of CIN when low-osmolarity contrast media is used in patients with diabetic nephropathy or in patients of DM accompanied with renal insufficiency, for such patients, the iso-osmolarity contrast media, iodixanol, can be used.

About 30％ ～ 40％ of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients belong to limited disease (LD).In the setting of limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC),the combination of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) with chemotherapy is the standard treatment for LD-SCLC with improved survival and local control.It is proven that prophylactic cranial irradiation can improve the prognosis of patients with SCLC.Radiotherapy should join in the early chemotherapy and individualized formulate appropriate target volume.Radiation schemes of conventional fractionation or hyperfractionation way are recommended.

The most of extranodal nasal type NK/ T-cell lymphoma(ENKTL)are in the Ⅰ/ Ⅱ stage. Radiotherapy alone is insufficient to achieve a high cure rate for the early stage patients with ENKTL due to fre-quent local and systemic relapse. Concomitant/ sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy is the standard treat-ment for the early stage patients with ENKTL. For the patients with stage Ⅲ/ Ⅳ ENKTL,regimens containing L-asparaginase are most effective. For the patients with advanced stage ENKTL or refractory recurrent ENKTL, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation may be considered when the remission is achieved.

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided radiotherapy has been widely used in radiotherapy, but it still has many limitations.Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) instead of CBCT for imaging-guided radiotherapy can not only make use of the advantages of MRI, but it also allows for online and real-time tracking of tumor motion and biological changes.This technique truly realizes the real-time MRI-guided adaptive radiotherapy (ART) in anatomy and biology, and sets another milestone in the advancement of radiotherapy.This review summarizes the technical advantages of MRI-guided radiotherapy, the basic structure and type of MR-Linac, and the technical difficulties and solutions of MRIgART.