BACKGROUND: Though immunotherapy(IT) has become an effective rnethod in extrinsic allergic patients who didn't respond to pharmacologic therapy or couldn't avoid allergen, the mechanism, termination index and prognostic index of IT have not been clarified yet. METHOD: We selected 81 asthmatic children on immunotherapy with house dust mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae). We measured the hematologic findings, the levels of serum IgG and IgE, allergen(house dust, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae)-specific IgE concentrations, lymphocyte subsets and methacholine challenge test yearly during IT, and checked the radiographs of chest and paranasal sinus. RESULTS: Peripheral white blood cell count, the percentage of eosinophil and total eosinophil count decreased significantly after 2 years of IT. Serum IgG level increased significantly after 3 years of IT. Serum total and specific IgE levels decreased significantly after 3 years of IT, but they were still higher than the normal values. CD4+, CD8+, and B lymphocytes did not change with the IT, but CD3+ lymphocytes increased significantly after 2 years of IT. PC20-methacholine increased significantly after 1 year of IT, but no correlation was found between the duration of IT and bronchial hyperreactivity. Twenty-eight patients(34.6%) had abnormal findings on chest radiographs: 15 patients(53.6%) as bronchitis, 10 patients(35.7%) as bronchopneumonia, 2 patients(7.1%) as hyperinflation and 1 patient(3.6%) as atelectasis. Sixty-three patients(77.8%) had abnormal findings on paranasal sinus radiographs. In the follow-up radiographs of 49 patients, 28 patients(57.1%) showed improvement of paranasal sinusitis after 1 year of IT. CONCLUSION: This study showed some changes of the immunologic findings such as eosinophil count, IgG, IgE, allergen-specific IgE and CD3+ lymphocytes, and improvement of bronchial hyperreactivity and paranasal sinusitis' in asthmatic children during IT. These findings were closely related to clinical improvement.
B-Lymphocytes ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity* ; Bronchitis ; Bronchopneumonia ; Child* ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Dust ; Eosinophils ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunotherapy* ; Leukocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Subsets ; Lymphocytes ; Methacholine Chloride ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Pyroglyphidae ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Reference Values ; Sinusitis* ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Female* ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Hepatitis B virus* ; Hepatitis B* ; Hepatitis* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn*

The amebicidal activity of traditional anitiamoebic drug (emetine, carbasone, diodoquin, chloroquine, atabrine, chloramphenicol and tertracycline) and newly appeared chemicals(niridazole, metronidazole and No. 8603 substance) were assayed by in vitro experiment using five strains of human originated E, histolytica. The variety of amebicidal activity of drugs by the strains were discussed. Ranges of amoebicidal activity of traditional antiamoebic drugs kept almost similar titers of previous reports at the concentration; 1:5,000 to 1:20,000 with emetine hydrochloride, 1:10.000 to 1:20,000 with carbarsone, 1:8,000 to 1:16,000 with diodoquin, 1:50,000 with chloroquine, 1:1,000 to 1: 4,000 with atabrine ,1:1,000 to 1:2,000 with chloramphencol and 1:5,000 to 1:8,000 with tetracycline. The newly appeared chemicals showed higher amebicidal titres at the concentration; 1:500,000 to 1:5,000,000 with niridazole, 1:50,000 to 1:100,000 with metronidazol and 1:100,000 to 1:500,000 with No.8603 substance. Emetine, chloramphenicol and No. 8603 substance showed amebicidal activities at lower concentration to intestine originated amebae (YS 14, YS 15 and NAMRU II strain) than to liver originated amebae (YS 24 and YS 25 strain ), while carbarsone, chloroquine and metronidazole showed the activity at higher concentrations. Diodoquin showed lower amebicidal titres to trophozoite borne amebae (NAMRU II, YS 24 and YS 25 strain) than to cyst borne amebae(YS 14 and YS 15 strain), but niridazole showed converse results. The concentration of atabrine for amebicidal activity was not constant according to strains of the amoeba, but tetracycline showed almost settled titers.
parasitology-protozoa ; Entamoeba histolytica ; virulence ; in-vitro ; chemotherapy ; emetine ; carbasone ; diodoquin ; chloroquine ; atabrine ; chloramphenicol ; tertracycline ; niridazole ; metronidazole ; No. 8603 substance

The clinical manifestations in filarial infection were examined during 1965-1966 from the known endemic areas: Yongju, a mountainous inland area and Cheju-Do, an island. All the microfilaria which were found during the survey were Brugia malayi. The principal symptom was cuticular hypertrophy (elephantiasis). It was found in 4 cases from Yongju among 707 villagers, 84 cases from Cheju-Do among 2,376 villagers. Four microfilaremia cases (4.5%) were found among a total of 88 cases of elephantiasis. In Cheju-Do, the higher incidence of elephantiasis was observed among people over 20 years old and the females showed much higher incidence than males (30 males and 54 females). The cuticular hypertrophic changes (elephantiasis) appeared more often in the lower extremities(77%) than in the upper part of the body, and in the right side than in the left.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Brugia malayi ; filariasis ; hypertrophy

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This research was intended to study on the knowledge and attitude of the medical students towards the organ donation in brain death, who will be in charge of organ donation and transplantation as health specialists in the future. METHODS: The data had been collected from 723 medical students who have finished clinical practice courses in 41 medical schools in Korea. RESULTS: 1) There were significant differences in the knowledge and attitude to the organ donation in brain death in gender and the location of university hospital. Another difference was caused by the ways to gain the information of it. In the case of attitude, there were notable differences according to the ways to obtain information of the organ donation and whether one accepts organ donation. 2) In the analysis of the knowledge of general features, the important factors were confirmed statistically by the location of university hospital and the way to get the information for organ donation. And in the attitude, the medical knowledge and the progress of brain death were more meaningful among other factors statistically. 3) The correlation between the knowledge and attitude of respondents about organ donation in brain death was not valuable statistically (r=0.055, P=0.142), on the other hand, in the medical knowledge (r=0.135, P=0.001) and the knowledge about progress of brain death (r=-0.075, P=0.043), were valuable statistically. CONCLUSION: For the strategy, they should be added to the medical college curriculum and clinical practice program about organ donation. In addition, medical students would recognize the importance, progress and the role of organ donation in brain death through this program. Eventually, they would have positive attitude about the organ donation and contribute to expand it.
Brain Death ; Curriculum ; Fees and Charges ; Hand ; Humans ; Korea ; Schools, Medical ; Specialization ; Students, Medical ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tissue and Organ Procurement ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Animals ; Horns* ; Pregnancy*

Hookworm anemia could start at a very early stage (even 3 days after infection) and that such an anemia was hardly thought to be induced from hemolysis or from dysfunction of bone marrow. Even in an improper host, the hookworm larvae could decrese the blood value hematologically, even though it was temporary. Hookworm larvae produced no anemia-inducing substance which might responsible for the early-stage anemia. The larvae taken from the intestine of the proper host on the 6th day of infection, showed ingestion of blood as in an adult worm even though no teeth had formed yet. The heavy infection group of improper host showed a decrease of circulating red cells on the 3rd day of infection but returned soon to its own normal level in the test with radioactive isotope. X-ray findings showed generalized densities in the lung field that might represent pneumonitis and hemorrhage and histopathological findings of the lungs also revealed hemorrhage in the early stage of hookworm infection in both the proper and the improper host. The decrease of the hematological blood figure in the early stage of hookworm infection is considered to be induced mainly by the blood loss into the damaged tissue, especially in the lungs during larval migration in the case of heavy infection. Then the blood loss is continued by the blood sucking of immature worms in the intestinal canal of the proper host.

No abstract available.
Ankylosis* ; Radiotherapy* ; Temporomandibular Joint*