Oncogene activation and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes is an important molecular mechanism of tumor formation. HER-2 oncogene is associated with breast cancer invasion and metastasis and prognosis, HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer progresses rapidly and has poor prognosis. In recent years, the emergence of targeted therapeutic monoclonal antibody drug Herceptin which built its structure for the HER-2 has significantly inproved HER-2-positive advanced breast cancer.

Objective To study the treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of lower limbs. Methods A series of 82 patients with DVT treated in this hospital from July 1995 to July 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-two patients underwent conservative therapy while 20 patients underwent thrombectomy. Results Oedema on diseased limbs subsided in varying degrees in all the patients. However, complete re-perfusion was achieved in only 15 patients, and partial re-perfusion in 9 patients. In the rest of 58 patients, thrombosis was unimproved or recurred, leaving behind the post-thrombotic syndrome. Conclusions Early treatment for acute DVT, conservative therapy or surgical intervention, is effective. Surgery is advisable in most early central type or mixed type patients, whereas conservative therapy in late central type or peripheral type patients. The intravenous interventional therapy is a relatively novel and favorable vascular technique.

Objective To discuss causes and prevention of complications and recurrence following sphincter preserving procedure(SPP) for rectal cancer.Methods A retrospective study on clinical and follow-up data of 375 cases of rectal cancer treated by SPP from January 2000 to January 2006 was carried out.Factors relating complications and recurrence after the operation were analyzed with the Logistic regression.Results A follow-up was conducted for 1～60 months(mean,37 months).The 5-year survival rate was 75.77%,and 79 cases of those followed died.Postoperative complications included anastomotic leakage in 14 cases(3.73%),anastomotic stenosis in 37 cases(9.87%),and anastomotic bleeding in 13 cases(3.47%).Anastomotic tumor recurrence was seen in 25 cases.Logistic regression analysis showed that the distance between the tumor and the dentate line was the most important factor for postoperative complications(P=0.017),and the distance and patient's age were the most important factors for recurrence(P=0.040,P=0.041). Conclusions The distance of tumor and patient's age are the most important factors for complications and recurrence following sphincter preserving procedure for rectal cancer.Strict selection of patients for surgery,normative procedure performance,and proper peri-operative management are essential for the prevention of complications and recurrence.

Objective:To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects on mini-phlebectomy treatment for varicosis of lower limbs.Methods:Of 46 cases(70 limbs) of varicosis of lower limbs,25(38 limbs) received flush ligation and stripping of the great saphenous vein (control group),and 21 (32 limbs) received mini-phlebectomy (mini-phlebectomy group).The data of operating time,bleeding quantity,incision number,incision length and hospital stay time was analysed retrospectively in both groups.Results:The operating time,bleeding quantity,incision number,incision length and hospital syay time of mini-phlebectomy group are much less than that of control group.The cure rate of control group and mini-phlebectomy is 71.9% and 91.3% respectively.The difference of cure rate is significant while they are compared.Conclusion:Mini-phlebectomy has the advantage of minimal invasion,less bleeding,efficacious and time saving,it will be an ideal procedure for varicosis of lower limbs

Since the study of the mechanism of breast cancer occurrence and development deepens, breast cancer stem cells are receiving more and more attention. Studies have shown that a group of breast cancer stem cells were undifferentiated, with self-renewal and multi-differentiation potential. These cells have a resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, hypoxic, high tumorigenic, high invasion and metastasis. In breast cancer's recurrence,development, and even metastasis, they play an extremely important role. In-depth study of breast cancer stem cell related signal transduction pathways and the regulation of microenvironment are meaningful for clinical targeted treatment of breast cancer. Therefore, we summarized the latest development on breast cancer stem cells in the treatment of breast cancer.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the impairment cognitive function and the location and number of infarcts.MethodsThe composites the scores for memory,processing speed and executive function were detected using the neuropsychological measuring scales and determined the cortical,subcortical and cerebral infarcts by magnetic resonance imaging( MRI),then analyzed the relationship between the impairment cognitive function and the location and number of infarcts.ResultsCompared to the control group,the patients with infarcts in multiple locations had poorer memory(the score of AVLT-5 was 6.14 ± 1.89 and 7.26 ± 1.82,respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ).Compared to the patients without infarcts,a combination of cortical and subcortical infarcts was associated with slow processing speed.The patients with multiple infarcts in multiple locations had significantly lower composites scores for memory(the score of LMT-delay was 10.86 ± 3.48 and 12.69 ± 2.60,respectively,P＜ 0.01 ),processing speed ( the score of SDMT was 27.08 ± 11.13 and 34.23 ± 7.44,respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ) and executive function( the score of TMT-B was 1.34 ± 0.65 and 0.40 ± 0.35,respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ) compared to control group.ConclusionThe multiple infarcts in multiple locations is associated with the impairment cognitive function in patients with cerebral infarcts.Suggesting that both the location and the number of infarcts jointly contribute to cognition impairment.

Objective To analyze quantitatively the iron deposition in deep brain gray nucleus and frontal white matter in healthy population and to explore its correlation with age using ESWAN with 3.0 Tesla scanner.Methods 157 healthy subjects (age 20 to 85)had been manned with routine sequences and ESWAN sequences.The subjects were divided into 6 groups according to their ages:Group A (age 20-29),Group B (age 30-39),Group C (age 40-49),Group D (age 50-59),Group E (age 60-69)and Group F (age ≥70).T2 ?value was measured in both sides of the frontal white matter,red nucleus,substantia nigra pars reticulate,substantia nigra pars compacta,putamen,globus pallidus,head of caudate nucleus and thalamus,and the correlations between the T2 ? value and age were also analyzed.Results The T2 ? value of globus pallidus and substantia nigra pars reticulata were the lowest.The highest T2 ?value was observed in the frontal white matter.The difference of T2 ? value among some age groups had statistical significance in red nucleus putamen,globus pallidus,head of caudate nucleus and thalamus (P <0.05).Obvious negative correlations between age and T2 ? value was shown in red nucleus (r=-0.258),substantia nigra pars reticulate (r=-0.229),substantia nigra pars compacta (r=-0.231), putamen(r=-0.584),globus pallidus (r=-0.320),and head of caudate nucleus (r=-0.437,P <0.001),while positive correlation was displayed in thalamus (r=0.31 9),frontal white matter (r=0.161,P <0.05 ).Conclusion ESWAN can clearly display the morphology of cerebral nuclei,evaluate the brain iron content accurately and present the age-related iron concentration changes.

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (Dex)combined with ischemic preconditioning on liver ischemic reperfusion injury in rats in order to explore its possible mechanism. Methods Sixty healthy male SD rats weighing (251 ±18)g,were randomly (random number)divided into five groups (n =12 in each):sham-operation group (Group S:operation without ischemia), ischemia-reperfusion group (Group IR:hepatic pedicle occlusion for 30 min and reperfusion for 6 h), dexmedetomidine preconditioning group (Group Dex: dexmedetomidine 25 μg/kg was given intra-peritoneally at 30 min before operation),ischemic preconditioning group (Group IP:10 min ischemia,10 min reperfusion,followed by hepatic IR)and Dex combined with ischemic preconditioning group (Group Dex +IP:Dex 25μg/kg was given intra-peritoneally at 30 min befor operation,10 min ischemia and 10 min reperfusion was given followed by hepatic IR).The hepatic inflow of blood stream was occluded for 30 min by Pringle maneuver to establish hepatic ischemic reperfusion injury (HIRI)rat model.At the end of reperfusion for 6 h,the concentration of ALT,AST and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase)in serum were measured.The liver histological changes were examined after HE staining.The liver cell apoptosis were examined by TUNEL. The expression of heme oxygenase-1 were examined by Westeren blot and immunohistochemistry.H2 O2 and GSH (r-glutamylcysteinylglycine ) in liver tissue were detected by spectrophotometer.Differences among the groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keul test by using SPSS version 17.0 software.Differences were considered significant at P <0.05.Results Serum concentrations of ALT,AST and LDH in group IR,Dex,IP and Dex +IP were significantly higher than those in group S (P =0.000).And those biomarkers in group Dex,IP and Dex +IP,were significantly lower than those in group IR (P =0.000).Furthermore,those biomarkers in group Dex +IP,were significantly lower than those in group Dex and IP (P =0.000).There were no significant difference in the serum concentrations of ALT and AST between group Dex and IP (P =0.550, 0.771),and the serum level of LDH in group Dex was significantly lower than that in group IP (P =0.000).The liver histopathological score and apoptosis index were the lowest in group S and the highest in group IR,and those in group Dex and group IP were significantly lower than those in group IR (P =0.000),and those in group Dex +IP were significantly lower than those in group Dex and group IP (P =0.000),and there were no significant difference between group Dex and IP (P =0.704,0.661 ).The expression score of HO-1 was the lowest in group S and the highest in group Dex +IP,and that in group Dex and group IP was significantly lower than that in group Dex +IP (P =0.000,0.002),and that in group IR was significantly lower than that in group Dex and group IP (P =0.000),and there was no significant difference between group Dex and IP (P =0.099).In respect of H2 O2 level and GSH level in liver tissue, compared with group S,the H2 O2 levels in groups IR,Dex,IP and Dex +IP were significantly higher (P=0.000,0.000,0.000,0.001)while the GSH levels were significantly lower (P =0.000).Compared with group IR,the H2 O2 level in group Dex,IP and Dex +IP was significantly lower than that in group IR while the GSH level was significantly higher (P =0.000 ).The H2 O2 level in group Dex +IP was significantly lower than that in group Dex and IP while the GSH level was significantly higher (P =0.000).There were no significant difference between group Dex and IP (P =0.480,0.667).Conclusions Both of dexmedetomidine and ischemic preconditioning can protect liver from ischemia reperfusion injury in rats to some extent,and the combined application of two gives better effects,which is attributed to the increasing expression of HO-1 to a certain extent.

Objective To analyze the variation of intestinal microflora in patients with colorectal cancer by SYBR GreenⅠreal-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and reveal the role and significance of intestinal microflora in the colorectal cancer-associated molecular pathogenesis.Methods A set of 16S rRNA gene group of species-specific primers for Bifidobacterium spp.,Lactobacillus group,Escherichia coli,and ddl gene-targeted species-specific primers for Enterococcus faecalis and feces Enterococcus were designed.Patients with colorectal cancer(colorectal cancer group,n=30) and healthy volunteers(normal control group,n=30) were included and whose feces were collected to extract bacterial genome DNA.SYBR GreenⅠ real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to analyze the five mentioned bacterial amounts.Results Level of Bifidobacterium spp.(4.52?0.49) and Lactobacillus group(5.46?0.12) in colorectal cancer group were significantly lower than those(9.25?0.83 and 7.45?0.37) of normal control group(P

Objective To investigate the role of Huang-qi in balance of TH1/TH2 in asthma on dendritic cells level. Methods DCs from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) were induced by rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4, and then were identified. The level of IL-12 and IL-10 produced by DCs were de-tected by ELISA assay. After autoreactive T cells, mRNA of T-bet and GATA-3 was measured by RT-PCR. Simultaneously, IL-4 and IFN-γ were determined by flow cytometer. Results After 7 days culture, IL-12 was significantly decreased in asthma group compared to control group (P ＜ 0.01), whereas IL-10 on the opposite. At the 7th day of co-culture with T cells derived from floating cells, the IFN-γ/and T-bet mRNA level in asthma group were significantly decreased than that in control group, whereas IL-4, GATA-3 mRNA level, the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γ and GATA-3/T-bet were apparently increased in asthma group than that in control group(P＜0.01). After Huang-qi treatment, the IFN-γ/and T-bet mRNA level were significantly in-creased, whereas the ratio of IL-4/IFN-γ and GATA-3/T-bet, and the IL-10 level were apparently de-creased, but the level of IL-12, IL-4 and GATA-3 mRNA were not changed significantly. Conclusion DCs in asthma regulated the balance of TH1/TH2 by means of secreting decreased IL-12 and increased IL-10, that made TH2 playing a dominance role which is the key factor in initiating asthma. Huang-qi regulated DCs through decreasing the level of IL-10, and thus decreased the ability of inhibiting the differentiation of TH1 from TH0, that is also inhibiting the differentiation of TH2 from TH0 directly.