Objective To detect the Yersinia pestis plasmid and molecular weight along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.Methods Yersinia pestis plasmids molecular weight detected and analyzed using alkaline lysis,phenol-chloroform extraction of Yersinia pestis plasmid by agarose gel electrophoresis.Results The 18 Yersinia pestis strains of Qinghai-Tibet Railway contained 6×106,45×106,52×106,65×106,92×106plasmid,varing in the range of the 52×106-92×106.Conclusions The Yersinia pestis of Qinghai-Tibet Railway has a standardplasmid graphics,with the biggest Yersinia pestis plasmid changing in a certain regular degree,which providessignificance in the study of plague natural foci of the spatial structure and the genetic.characteristics of Yersiniapestis.

ObjectiveTo measure the iodine content of normal thyroid and the sternocleidomastoid muscle with gemstone spectral imaging (GSI),in order to offer diagnostic reference for iodine excess or iodine deficiency disorders.MethodsA total of 226 cases of patients with suspected neck or cervical disease underwent GSI of the neck,the thyroid and the sternocleidomastoid muscle.One hundred and nineteen cases were male and 107 female,aged 18 to 77 years,average age(46 ± 17) years.Data were transmitted to AW 4.4 workstation and processed using GSI Viewer software to obtain the best contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR) of thyroid to sternocleidomastoid muscle and corresponding singe-energy images.Iodine content of left and right thyroid lobes and both sides of sternocleidomastoid muscle as well as iodine content ratio of thyroid to sternocleidomastoid muscle were calculated in the iodine-based images.ResultsTotal iodine content of the left and the right lobes of the thyroid was (1.5233 ±0.4318)mg/cm3,of the left lobe was (1.5230 ± 0.4271 )mg/cm3,of the right lobe was (1.5236 ± 0.4365 )mg/cm3,there was no significant difference statistically between the two(t =0.0084,P ＞ 0.05).The iodine content of the male was (1.6395 ± 0.4105)mg/cm3,and of the female was (1.4238 ± 0.3832)mg/cm3,there was statistically a significant difference between the two(t =3.4743,P ＜ 0.01 ).Iodine content ratio of thyroid to sternocleidomastoid muscle was 96.6271 ± 33.2442,the ratio in male was 94.6250 ± 37.3621 and in female was 98.0000 ± 29.0737,there was no statistical difference between the two(t =0.3817,P ＞ 0.05).The iodine content of thyroid decreased gradually with age,the difference between groups was statistically significant(F =9.66,P ＜ 0.01 ).The iodine content in ＜ 40 age group[(1.7256 ± 0.4631)mg/cm3] was higher than that in 40 - 60 age group[(1.4517 ±0.3643)mg/cm3] and ＞ 60 age group [(1.4368 ± 0.3465)mg/cm3; q =5.6195,5.4158,all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions It is easy to calculate thyroid iodine content with gemstone spectral imaging,which can reflect the iodine level of our body,and is helpful for the diagnosis of iodine excess or iodine deficiency disorders.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of remnant stomach cancer.

METHODSThe clinicopathological and prognosis data of 45 patients with remnant stomach cancer were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSThe remnant stomach cancer are likely to develop in males with a ratio of male to female: 44:1. Their initial operation modes of these patients were Billroth II subtotal gastrectomy in 40 patients, Billroth I subtotal gastrectomy in 4 and proximal subtotal gastrectomy in 1. The interval from the initial operation to the diagnosis of remnant stomach cancer was 5 to 42 years with an average of 23 years. Of these 45 patients, 28 had lesion at anastomotic site, 9 in the gastric cardia and 8 in other locations; 19 had radical resection, 16 palliative resection and 10 exploration alone except one who had an anastomosis of remnant stomach with the jejunum. The histology types included: 1 un-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 36 poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma, 7 moderately-differentiated adenocarcinoma and 1 well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates of patients with radical resection were significantly better than those treated with palliative resection, which was 100% vs. 62.5%, 78.8% vs. 25%, 47.2% vs. 0, respectively (P < 0.05). All ten patients without resection died within 2 years with an average survival time of 12 months. The 5-year survival rate of stage I, II, III and IV was 100%, 75%, 17.8% and 0, respectively (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONRemnant stomach cancer prevalently occurs in the male usually 10 years after Birroth II gastrectomy. The lesions is mainly located at anastomotic site. Poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma is found to be the prevalent histological type of advanced remnant stomach cancer. The prognosis of remnant stomach cancer is correlated with pTNM stage and whether having been treated with complete resection or not. Patients with early remnant stomach cancer may survive for a long time if radical resection can be done.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastric Stump ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Analysis

Objective To study the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL)-induced apoptosis of glioma U87 cells.Methods Human glioma U87 cells were treated with human recombinant soluble TRAIL(rsTRAIL),and the cell apoptosis was detecmd with flow cytometry with AnnexinV-FITC/PI double staining.Flow cytometry with DiOC6 staining was used to assess the changes in mitochondrial transmembrane potential(△ψm).The relative activity of caspase-3,-8 and-9 Was measmed by colorimetric assay,and the concentration of cytoplasmic cytochrome C(cyt C) determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbem assay.The effects ofcaspase-8 inhibitor(Z-IETD-fmk)on rsTRAIL-induced apoptosis,△ψm,caspase-3,-8 and-9 activities and cyt C concentration were observed. Results RsTRAIL tinle-dependently induced apoptosis and progressive collapse of △ψm in glioma U87 cells,resulting also in caspase-3,-8 and-9activation and elevated cytC concentration.Caspase-8 inhibitor partially antagonized these biological effects induced by rsTRAIL in U87 cells.Conclusion TRAIL initiates a cascade of mitochondrial events by activating caspase-8 and induces apoptosis of glioma U87 cells.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features of various types of mature T-cell and natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma in Guangdong, China, with respect to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

METHODSEleven hundred and thirty-seven (1137) cases of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma diagnosed during the period from 2002 to 2006 in Guangzhou area were retrieved. The clinical data, histologic features and immunohistochemical findings were reviewed by a panel of experienced hematopathologists. Additional immunostaining was performed if indicated. The cases were re-classified according to the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms.

RESULTSNine hundred and sixty-three (963) cases fulfilled the diagnostic criteria of mature T-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma and accounted for 20.1% of all cases of lymphoma encountered during the same period (963/4801). A predominance of extranodal involvement was noted in 644 cases (66.9%), while 319 cases (33.1%) showed mainly nodal disease. The prevalence of various lymphoma subtypes was as follows: peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified (PTCL, NOS) 293 cases (30.4%), extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type 281 cases (29.2%), anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) 198 cases (20.6%), and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AILT) 46 cases (4.8%). The male-to-female ratio was 1.99. The median age of the patients was 44 years, with the peak age of PTCL, NOS, extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and AILT being 55 to 64 years, 25 to 54 years and 65 to 74 years, respectively. ALK-positive ALCL occurred more frequently in young age, while the ALK-negative ALCL cases occurred mainly in the elderly.

CONCLUSIONSExtranodal lesions predominate in mature T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas occurring in Guangzhou area. There is a male predominance and the overall incidence shows no increasing trend with age of the patient. The peak age of various subtypes however varies. The most common subtype was PTCL, NOS, followed by extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, ALCL and AILT. The relatively frequent occurrence of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type in Guangdong area is likely associated with the high incidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection there.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Infant ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral ; metabolism ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; metabolism ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; World Health Organization ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of metastatic pancreatic tumor.

METHODSThe clinical data of 18 metastatic pancreatic tumors were retrospectively analyzed. The primary foci of these 18 patients included: 8 lung cancer, 2 gastric cancer, and malignant histiocytoma, melanoma, rectal cancer, thyroid cancer, renal cell carcinoma, esophageal carcinoma, liver cancer and ovarian cancer each.

RESULTSAll these 18 patients harboring metastatic pancreatic tumor did not show any specific symptoms but were frequently found to have a solitary (14 cases) or multiple (4 cases) homogeneous and hypodense nodules on CT scan without any enhancement except one metastatic renal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis was cytologically confirmed in 14 patients by fine needle aspiration biopsy guided by CT or ultrasonography, and diagnosed by postoperative pathology in the other 4 patients. After receiving combined modality treatment, their survival time was 8 to 38 months with an average of 19 months.

CONCLUSIONMetastatic pancreatic tumors are rare and give no specific symptom or image finding. Selection of appropriate combined modality treatment according to the type of primary focus is very important for the management.

Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinoma, Small Cell ; diagnosis ; secondary ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; secondary ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

OBJECTIVETo study the early effects of coal dust on lung function in new underground coal miners.

METHODSTwo hundred and eighty-seven male miners were selected from new employees at the Xuzhou Mining Group Company as study group, and 132 male students at a mining technical school were selected as control. Data collection included: individual demographic parameters, family medical history, occupational history, and smoking history, measurement of dust concentrations in work areas, and lung function tests. This prospective cohort study took place over 3 years during which time total dust and respirable dust concentrations in the new coal miners' work areas were measured twice each month. For both miner and student groups, FVC and FEV(1) were tested initially before dust exposure, and then 15 times over the 3 years.

RESULTSThe average total dust and respirable dust concentrations in the miners' work areas were 23.8 mg/m(3) and 8.9 mg/m(3) respectively, which greatly exceeded national health criteria. During the first year of dust exposure, the miners's average FVC was higher than that of the controls (5.19 L vs 4.92 L, P < 0.01). During the 2nd and 3rd year the difference in average FVC between miners and control group was not significant (5.14 L vs 5.12 L, P > 0.05). Before dust exposure, the miners' FEV(1) was significantly higher than that of the control group (4.48 L vs 4.28 L). In the miners group, FEV(1) declined rapidly during the first year following dust exposure (from 4.48 L to 4.25 L), and in the 2nd and the 3rd year the average FEV(1) of the miners was significantly lower than that of controls (4.34 L vs 4.56 L, P < 0.01), although there were some fluctuations during the follow-up period. Overall, the average FEV(1) of miners group showed a significant decline during the study. There were significant correlations between FVC or FEV(1) and age, height, weight, and smoking. The three-year total loss of FVC and FEV(1) in smoking miners (154 ml, 184 ml) were greater than in non-smoking miners (83 ml, 91 ml).

CONCLUSIONThere are apparent effects of coal dust on lung function in new underground coal miners, with FEV(1) being more impacted than FVC. Smoking may aggravate the effect of dust exposure on reducing lung function.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Coal Mining ; Cohort Studies ; Dust ; analysis ; Forced Expiratory Volume ; Humans ; Inhalation Exposure ; adverse effects ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Prospective Studies ; Pulmonary Ventilation ; physiology ; Smoking ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of FAS and FASL gene polymorphisms on genetic susceptibility of coal worker's pneumoconiosis and their relationship to the pulmonary fibrosis.

METHODS340 with coal worker's pneumoconiosis (CWP) and 312 coal mine workers (controls) exposed to the coal dusts were selected. FAS-1377G > A, FAS-670A > G and FASL-844T > C gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP techniques.

RESULTSThe distribution frequencies of genotypes of FAS-1377, FAS-670, FASL-844 genotypes in CWP had no significant differences compared to the control. Compared to CWP patients with exposure year > or = 25, the risk of pneumoconiosis with FAS-1377 GA/AA genotype was significantly higher than those with FAS-1377GG in the patients working age < 25 years (P = 0.098, 95% CI: 0.932 approximately 2.298); the risk of CWP in those with FAS-670AG genotype was higher than those with FAS-670GG genotype (P = 0.098, 95% CI: 0.928 approximately 2.404) the risks of CWP in those with FASL-844TT genotype and FASL-844TC genotype were respectively higher than those with FASL-844CC genotype (P = 0.039, 95% CI: 1.088 approximately 27.358, P = 0.089, 95% CI: 0.852 approximately 2.101). The frequencies of genotypes of FASL-844T > C were significantly different between CWP patients with exposure year > or = 25 and < 25. The risk of CWP with FASL-844TT genotype was significantly higher than that of FASL-844TT + TC (P = 0.054, 95% CI: 0.971 approximately 23.833). The risk of CWP patients with FASL-844TT/CT + FAS-1377GA genotype was 1.810-fold than the patients with FASL-844CC + FAS-1377GG genotype. The risk of CWP patients with FASL-844TT/CT + FAS-670AG genotype was 2.117-fold than the patients with FASL-844CC + FAS-670AA genotype. The risk of CWP patients with FASL-844TT/TC + FAS-1377GA/AA + FAS-670AG/GG genotype was 2.043-fold than the patients with FASL-844CC + FAS-1377GG+FAS-670AA genotype.

CONCLUSIONFAS-1377G > A, FAS-670A > G and FASL-844T > C gene polymorphisms may not be associated with the susceptibility of CWP in Han nationality, but these three gene polymorphisms and their joint actions may influence on the progression of CWP.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; genetics ; China ; Fas Ligand Protein ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; fas Receptor ; genetics

Objective:To investigate the relationship between indicators of carotid atherosclerosis and onset of ischemic stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF).Methods:This is a case-control study, a total of 397 NVAF patients with newly diagnosed ischemic stroke (case group) and 3 038 NVAF patients without ischemic stroke (control group) from January 2015 to December 2017 were included in the study. Differences in general clinical features and carotid atherosclerosis indexes between the two groups were compared. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the correlation between carotid atherosclerosis indexes and ischemic stroke.Results:Proportions of patients with carotid intima thickening, carotid plaque, stable plaque, unstable plaque, and moderate to severe stenosis were higher in the ischemic stroke group than those in the control group (82.1% vs. 64.4%, 69.3% vs. 50.3%, 43.6% vs. 30.6%, 25.7% vs. 19.7%, and 7.3% vs. 4.0%, respectively, all P <0.05). After adjustment of age, gender, heart failure, hypertension, low density lipoprotein -cholesterol and drug use, multivariate analyses showed that subjects with carotid intima thickening, carotid plaque, stable plaque, unstable plaque, moderate to severe stenosis had 1.766, 2.111, 1.892, 2.256 and 1.824 times the risk for the development of ischemic stroke compared with the subjects without any carotid atherosclerosis indicators. Conclusion:Carotid atherosclerosis, especially with unstable carotid plaque, is associated with ischemic stroke in patients with NVAF.

Objective:To explore the current status of surgery for portal hypertension to grasp current status and future development of surgery in China.Methods:This study is jointly sponsored by China Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Specialist Alliance & Portal Hypertension Alliance in China (CHESS).Comprehensive surveying is conducted for basic domestic situations of surgery for portal hypertension, including case load, surgical approaches, management of postoperative complications, primary effects, existing confusion and obstacles, liver transplantation(LT), laparoscopic procedures and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS), etc.Results:A total of 8 512 cases of portal hypertension surgery are performed at 378 hospitals nationwide in 2021.Splenectomy plus devascularization predominated(53.0%)and laparoscopy accounted for 76.1%.Primary goal is preventing rebleeding(67.0%) and 72.8% of hospitals used preventive anticoagulants after conventional surgery.And 80.7% of teams believe that the formation of postoperative portal vein thrombosis is a surgical dilemma and 65.3% of hospitals practiced both laparoscopy and TIPS.The major reasons for patients with portal hypertension not receiving LT are due to a lack of qualifications for LT(69.3%)and economic factors(69.0%).Conclusions:Surgery is an integral part of management of portal hypertension in China.However, it is imperative to further standardize the grasp of surgical indications, the handling of surgical operation and the management of postoperative complications.Moreover, prospective, multi-center randomized controlled clinical studies should be performed.