ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Orem self-care theory on the patients after renal transplantation.Methods102 patients after renal transplantation into were randomly divided into the observation group(52 cases),which received Orem self-care,and comparison group(50 cases),which received general care.Self-care ability,rate of infection and mental status of the 2 groups patients were observed and recorded.ResultsFor patients of the observation group,self-care ability of was obviously better(P<0.01),the rate of infection was lower(P<0.05),and mental status was improved(P<0.01) compared with patients of the observation group.ConclusionThe application of Orem self-care on patients after renal transplantation can promote self-care ability and decrease post-operation complications.

Abdomen ; physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Compartment Syndromes ; diagnosis ; mortality ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To study the expression of skin aspartic protease (SASPase) in lesions of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) and its role in the pathogenesis of CLE.Methods Skin samples were resected from the lesions and normal skin of 9 patients with CLE,including 3 cases of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE),4 cases of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and 2 cases of acute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (ACLE).Keratinocytes were isolated from the tissue samples and cultured in serum-free medium.Total proteins were extracted from the keratinocytes and separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.ImageMaster 2D analysis software was used to assess differentially expressed proteins in keratinocytes between the lesional and normal skin,which were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).The expression levels of SASPase were further determined by Western blot.The data were analyzed statistically by Student's t test.Results Keratinocytes were isolated from the tissue samples and successfully cultured in vitro.Two-dimensional electrophoresis profiles of proteins from the keratinocytes were obtained with high resolution and reproducibility,and the average matching protein spots were about 1200 with the matching rate higher than 80％.As Western blot showed,the relative expression level of SASPase was 0.463 ± 0.018 in keratinocytes from the lesional skin,and 0.145 ± 0.011 in those from the normal skin (P ＜ 0.05).The Western blot results were consistent with those of two-dimensional electrophoresis.Conclusion The initiation and progression of CLE seem to be associated with the abnormal activation and overexpression of SASPase.

Objective To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of gallbladder wall thickening diseases.Methods 42 patients with gallbladder wall thickening (16 patients with carcinoma and 26 patients with benign lesion) were included in this study.All patients performed conventional MRI and DWI.The diagnostic performances of three methods (conventional MRI,visual assessment of color fusion image from DWI and T2WI,and ADC measurement) were evaluated by two radiologists.Results The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.570,0.849,0.901 for conventional MRI,visual assessment and ADC measurement respectively.The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity were 59.5%,62.5%,57.7% for conventional MRI,85.7%,81.2%,88.5% for visual assessment of color fusion image,and 83.3%,80.0%,85.2% for ADC measurement,respectivily.The mean ADC value of gallbladder cacinoma[(1.15±0.35)×10-3mm2/s]was significantly less than that of gallbladder benign lesion [(1.99±0.61)×10-3mm2/s](P<0.01).Conclusion The DWI(visual assessment of color fusion image and ADC measurement)might be a useful tool for diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the gallbladder wall thickening diseases.

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from Swertia macrosperma. Methods: HPLC, column chromatography, and recrystallization techniques were used for the separation and purification of the compounds. Their structures were elucidated by physiochemical properties and spectral analyses. The inhibitory activity against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was screened by half-leaf blight spot assay. Results: Eight compounds were isolated from S. macrosperma and their structures were identified as 9, 10-dihydroxyl-sweroside (1), 3'-O-(3-hydroxybenzoyl)-swertiamarin (2), mangiferin (3), 1-O-β-glucopyranosyl-2, 6, 8-trihydroxyl-xanthone (4), campestroside (5), bellidifolin (6), 4, 4'-dihydroxy-Z-stilbene (7), and 4, 4'-dihydroxy-E-stilbene (8). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named macrospermaoside A, and exhibits weak anti-TMV activity. Compounds 2, 7, and 8 are isolated from the plants of this genus for the first time.

OBJECTIVETo review HIV/AIDS epidemic history, current situation and prevention policy in China. Data sources Information included in this article was identified by searching PUBMED (1997 - 2006) online resources using the key terms "HIV/AIDS", "epidemic", "prevention", and "China". Study selection Original milestone articles and critical reviews written by major pioneer investigators of the field were selected.

RESULTSThe key issues related to the HIV/AIDS epidemic situation in China and Chinese government prevention policy were summarized. HIV/AIDS epidemic groups and trends for HIV transmission were discussed.

CONCLUSIONIn January 2006, 650 000 people were estimated to be living with HIV in China. The overall HIV/AIDS epidemic is at a low level (0.05%) and concentrated in several at risk populations. However, the data show that new cases of HIV infection are growing every year and spreading from at risk populations to the general population. Premier WEN Jia-bao announced the "Four frees and one care" policy and the Chinese government has developed a series of programs with strong policy measures to stop the spread of HIV/AIDS in China.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Blood Donors ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV Infections ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; transmission ; Health Education ; Health Policy ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Work ; Substance Abuse, Intravenous ; complications

Child, Preschool ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Pneumonia ; therapy

OBJECTIVETo observe the differences of curative effect of glomerular pathological proteinuria treated with combined therapy of acupuncture and medicine or simple medicine.

METHODSTwo hundred and forty cases of glomerular pathological proteinuria were divided into a combined therapy of acupuncture and medicine group (combined therapy group), a medicine group I and a medicine group II, 80 cases in each group. In combined therapy group, Pishu (BL 20) and Zhishi (BL 52) were punctured by heat-producing needling; Terazosin Hydrochloride, Bisoprolol Fumarate tablets or compound Reserpinum Triamterene tablet were applied with oral administration when accompanied by high blood pressure, to control the blood pressure within 130/80 mmHg. In medicine group I , Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system (RAAS) interruption method was applied to control blood pressure; Benazepril Hydrochloride and Telmisartan were applied with oral administration to keep blood pressure in satisfying level, below 125-130/75-80 mmHg. In medicine group II, placebo was orally taken, and the medicine therapy which was same as that in combined therapy group was applied when accompanied by high blood pressure. Quality low protein and low salt and fat diet were applied in all groups. The Chinese medicine syndrome score, laboratory indices and curative effect were observed in all groups before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate was 86.3% (69/80), 61.3% (49/80) and 17.5% (14/80) respectively in combined therapy group, medicine group I and medicine group II, indicating that the curative effect in combined therapy group was superior to that in other groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and it in medicine group I was superior to that in medicine group II (P < 0.01). The Chinese medicine syndrome score was markedly reduced in combined therapy group (P < 0.01), and there was no obvious change in other groups (both P > 0.05). Urinary albumin (UMA) and urinary protein in 24 hours were notably reduced in combined therapy group and medicine group I (all P < 0.01), and it was more obviously in combined therapy group than that in other groups (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The blood pressure was markedly reduced in all groups (all P < 0.05) after treatment, and there was no significant change in indices of liver and kidney functions (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe curative effect of heat-producing needling method is good for treating glomerular pathological proteinuria, better than that of RAAS interruption method.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; pathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proteinuria ; pathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the value of combined 3D-constructive interference in steady state(3D-CISS) with phase-contrast MR(PC-MR) in diagnosis of hydrocephalus children.Methods We collected retrospectively 28 children with hydrocephalus who caused by obstructive membranes.They all underwent MR imaging examination with a 1.5 T consisting of 3D-CISS, conventional sequences and PC-MR.With the result of surgery and CT cisternography as gold standard,we analysised different sequence in the diagnosis of membranous obstruction.The results of obstructive were analysed by x2 test between 3D-CISS combined with PC-MR and conventional sequences.Results The study included 28 children, of whom 16 showed obstructive membranes in CSF pathways of ventricle and 12 displayed obstructive membranes in CSF pathways of cistern.Conventional sequences diagnosed obstructive membranes of 15 children, and obstructive membranes of 11 children were consistent with gold standard, and 4 cases were false positive.The 3D-CISS diagnosed obstructive membranes of 40, and 12 cases were false positive.There were significant difference between 3D-CISS combined with PC-MR and conventional sequence about obstructive membranes diagnosis of CSF pathways(x2=24.410, P=0.001).Conclusions Making use of jointing 3D-CISS sequence and PC-MR sequence successively, and we can diagnose the position of obstructive membrane for hydrocephalus, which can be helpful to select a perfect surgical approach.