Objective To investigate the role of CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody in the acute rejection of pancreaticoduodenal transplantation model of rats.Methods Pancreaticoduo- denal transplantation model was established from the donor F344 rats to the Lewis recipients(diabetes models).The models were divided into 4 groups:groups A,B,C and D with 12 rats in each group. Two days after transplantation,recipients were injected intraperitoneally with saline,CTLA4-Ig(200?g),anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody(200?g),CTLA4-Ig(200?g)combined with anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody(200?g)respectively.On the day 1,4,7,10 after transplantation,the grafts were harvested for histopathological examination and RT-PCR to determine the levels of interleukin (IL)-2,interferon(IFN)-?,IL-4 and IL-10;The blood CD3~+,CD4~+and CD8~+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry.On the day 4 after transplantation,the CD4~+ CD25~+ T cells in the grafts were de- tected by flow cytometry.Results As compared with group A,the severity of the rejection of grafts in groups B,C and D were depressed;Down-regulation of IL-2 was observed in the groups B,C and D, and the levels in group D were lowest.Down-regulation of IFN-7 was detected in the groups B,C and D,but there was no significantly difference between groups D and B or groups D and C.Up-regulation of IL-4 was observed in the groups B and C,and the levels in group D were lower than in groups A,B and C.Up-regulation of IL-10 was observed in groups B and C,and there was significant difference between groups D and B or groups D and C.The CD3~+,CD4~+ and CD8~+ T cells in groups B,C and D were less,but more CID4~+ CD25~+ T ceils in transplanted pancreas were observed,more notably in group D than in group C.Conclusions Combined use of CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD40L monoclonal anti- body can remarkably diminish the severity of the rejection,which might be mediated by altering the balance in Th1/Th2 and increasing the number of CD4~+ CD25~+ regulatory T cells.Co-stimulation blockade with CTLA4-Ig and anti-CD40L monoclonal antibody induction seems to be an attractive strategy to control allograft rejection.

Congresses as Topic ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Neonatal Screening

Objective To observe the effect of transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation on the contents of monoamines in ischemic area of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO).MethodsPermanent MCAO model of Wistar rat was established with silk thread enveloped with polyammoniacum.The ischemic areas received various intensity of transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation for 1 hour in rats underwent 1 hour of ischemia.Then the affected tissue was processed with fluorospectrophotometry to determine the contents of dopamine(DA),noradrenalin(NE) and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT).ResultsCompared with the sham-operation group,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area of MCAO model rats decreased obviously(all P<0.01),while all three monoamines investigated in the sham-operation group with transcranial low frequency electrical stimulation had no significant change.In the MCAO groups stimulating with lower(10 V) and middle(30 V) intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area had no significant increase.But in the MCAO group stimulating with high(50 V) intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field,the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area increased significantly(P<0.05).ConclusionSome degree of intensity transcranial low frequency electrical field stimulation can increase the contents of DA,NE and 5-HT in ischemic area of rats subjected to MCAO.

Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the necessity of central compartment neck dissection in laryngeal cancer.Study Design: Retrospective study at a tertiary referral medical center. Methods:Patients with laryngeal squamous cell cancer who underwent neck dissection were evaluated, and a retrospective analysis of clinicopathologic factors and follow-up data were performed. Results: One hundred and eighteen patients from 1999 to 2009 were enrolled. There were 11.9% central compartment lymph node metastasis in all patients, including the 10 patients with central compartment lymph node metastasis in 34 patients underwent compartment neck dissection and 4 patients do not underwent compartment neck dissection but had central neck recurrence in the follow up time. Subglottic or pyriform extension were risk factors in central compartment lymph node metastasis and central neck recurrence (P=0.002). Central compartment lymph node metastasis had closed relationship with levelⅣmetastasis (P<0.001), extracapsular extension (P=0.001), vascular extension (P=0.015) and poor local control rates (P=0.035) respectively. Patients who were positive for lateral neck lymph node metastasis had poor disease-free survival rate (P=0.014) and poor local control rates (P=0.025), and supraglottic cancer had a trend to metastases to levelⅡ(P=0.044). Conclusion:Central compartment neck dissection might be considered a potential therapeutic approach for patients with laryngeal cancer.

Objective: To summarize the methods of preventing and managing the complications in thoracoscopic lobectomy. Methods:The participants of this study included 317 patients undergoing lobectomy with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the Department of Thoracic Surgery between January 2007 and December 2012. Intra-operative complications were observed, and countermeasures were summarized. Results: Complications occurred 28 times (8.8%), including bleeding in 16 cases because of accidental vascular injury (5.0%), accidental injury/break of bronchus in two cases (0.6%), vascular stump errhysis from cutting stapler in four cases (1.3%), lung stump air leakage in three cases (0.9%), lung injury in two cases (0.6%), and diaphragmatic injury in one case (0.3%). Conversion to thoracotomy was conducted in 17 cases, with a conversion rate of 5.4%. Thoracoscopic repair operation was performed in 14 cases that exhibited bleeding, with a success rate of 70% (14/20). No mortality was reported during the operation. Conclusion:Thoracoscopic lobectomy is a highly difficult method in thoracic surgeries. The procedure requires substantial attention on the timely prevention and correct management of intra-operative complications, particularly the injury and bleeding of major vessels, to reduce the rate of conversion to thoracotomy and the incidence of post-operative complications, as well as to promote the surgery in clinics.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy and safety of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation(APBSCT) in the treatment of pemphigus.MethodsTotally,3 patients with pemphigus vulgaris who responsed poorly to 6-month treatment with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants or experienced aggrevation of disease and developed treatment-related complications,received APBSCT and were followed up for more than 5 years.There were 1 male and 2 females with an average age of 27.3(21-39) years.The mobilization program included cyclophosphamide (CTX) 4 g/m2,recombinant human granulocyte colonystimulating factors(G-CSF) and Rituximab 375 mg/m2,and the preconditioning regimen included intravenous CTX (50 mg/kg per day on days -6,-5,-4,-3),antithymocyte globulin at 2.5 mg/kg per day(on days -3,-2,-1 and 0) and Rituximab (600 mg/d on days 0 and 7).ResultsAll the 3.patients were successfully engrafted.The mean time for peripheral reconstruction:white blood cells 13.3 days (from day 11 to 16),platelet 16.3 days (from day 16 to 17).Monitoring of immunity indices and related antibodies showed no abnormality and the immune system was well reconstructed.No serious complications occurred during the follow up,and the patients' quality of life was obviously improved.ConclusionAPBSCT may be an effective and safe option for the treatment of pemphigus.

Expression of HLA class Ⅱ antigens(HLA-DR, DQ and DP), interleukin2 receptors(IL-2R) and transferrin receptors(TfR) of blood monocytes from 10 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes meIlitus (IDDM) were assayed with the indirect immune fluorescence technique using corresponding monoclonal antibodies and the FITC-labelled second antibody. The results showed that the number of HLA-DQ~+ monocytes was much more in diabetics than in normal controls. The percentages of HLA-DR~+ and HLA-DP~+ monocytes in diabetics were not different significantly from those in normal controls. Besides, IL-2R~+ and TfR~+ monocytes were also found to be very much increased in diabetics as compared with controls. It was possible that increased expression of HLA-DQ antigen, IL-2R and TfR of monocytes in patients with IDDM might play a role in the pathogenesis of the autoimmune reaction.

OBJECTIVETo study the circadian patterns of the incidence of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) and its relationship with climatic factors in Beijing.

METHODSWe searched all UGIB records from August 1, 2005 to July 31, 2007 from Beijing Emergency Center and tracked the meteorological data during the same period. The variation of the incidence of UGIB was compared based on day, month, and season. The relation between climatic factors and the incidence of UGIB was also analyzed.

RESULTSTotally 2 580 patients, including 1 888 males (73.2%) and 692 females (26.8%) were included in the study. The mean age was significantly different between males and females [(53.3 +/- 20.4) years vs. (63.3 +/- 20.7) years, P < 0.05]. The occurrence of UGIB were significantly different among different seasons (chi2 = 49.82, P < 0.01), months (chi2 = 83.43, P < 0.01), and hours (chi2 = 126.79, P < 0.01). UGIB cases were presented more frequently in winter and spring, especially in January. More UGIB cases were presented at night, especially from 8 pm to midnight. Partial correlation test showed that the incidence of UGIB significantly correlated with temperature (r = -0.3785, P = 0.001) and barametric pressure (r = -0.3002, P = 0.011). No correlation was found between UGIB incidence and wind speed (P = 0.086) and relative humidity (P = 0.971).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence of UGIB varies in different months and seasons in Beijing. Its climate-related risk factors may include temperature and barametric pressure, but not include relative humidity and wind speed.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Meteorological Concepts ; Middle Aged ; Seasons

The present study demonstrated that bone marrow cells from diabetic rats were able to form cell clusters expressing insulin,C-peptide,glucagon,somatostatin and islet amyloid .polypeptide,and other genes associated with development and function of islets such as glucose transporter-2,glucokinase,glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor,PDX-1,Ngn3,NeuroDl,Pax-6 and NKX2.2 genes.These islet-like cells might be derived from adult stem cells in bone marrow.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically assess the effect of blood flow restriction combined with endurance training on aerobic capacity,lower limb muscle strength,and sports performance of athletes using Meta-analysis. METHODS:3210 studies were searched in CNKI,VIP,WanFang,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Cochrane databases before March 2023.After screening,12 studies and 14 research reports were included.The traditional Meta-analysis and network Meta-analysis were performed by Review Manager 5.4 and Stata 14. RESULTS:Endurance training with blood flow restriction had a medium effect size on maximal oxygen uptake(standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.59,95%confidence interval(CI):0.28-0.90,P＜0.05)and no heterogeneity.The effect of continuous pressure was better than the other pressure types(P＜0.05).Compared with sports events by anaerobic energy supply,sports events by aerobic energy supply showed better effects(P＜0.05),which was set as follows:4-8 weeks of aerobic training,20-30 minutes once,3 or more sessions per week,for a total of 12 or more sessions.Secondly,endurance training with blood flow restriction showed a large effect on the lower limb muscle strength(SMD=0.99,95%CI:0.61-1.37,P＜0.05)and no heterogeneity.A subgroup analysis showed muscle endurance was the best improved(SMD=1.11;95%CI:0.37-1.85),followed by knee extension strength(SMD=1.02,95%CI:0.37-1.67)and knee flexion strength(SMD=0.87,95%CI:0.24-1.51).Finally,endurance training with blood flow restriction showed a medium effect on sports performance(SMD=0.59,95%CI:0.13-1.06,P＜0.05),and the subgroup analysis showed a medium effect on running performance(SMD=0.55,95%CI:0.05-1.06,P＜0.05)and no heterogeneity.There was only one item of soccer specific performance that was not analyzed. CONCLUSION:Endurance training combined with blood flow restriction can improve the aerobic capacity,lower limb muscle strength,and sports performance of the athletes.And there is a large effect on lower limb muscle strength and a medium effect on aerobic capacity and sports performance.A training schedule of progressive mixed-intensity aerobic endurance training under continuous pressure for no less than 4 weeks,3 sessions per week,20-30 minutes per session,for 12 or more sessions in total is easy to obtain better training results.