Background: Negative attitudes towards disability must be addressed to promote better quality of life for Filipino persons with disability, but measures to identify these attitudes are not available in the local context. The World Health Organization (WHO) Quality of Life Disability Group's Attitude to Disability Scale (ADS) was identified to be a promising tool for this due to the participatory and cross-cultural approach used for its development and its good psychometric properties. Objectives: This study aimed to culturally adapt the ADS – Physical Disability forms to Filipino. The study also aimed to determine the test-retest reliability and internal consistency of the translated forms. Methodology: The translation process followed recommendations from literature and WHO. The translated forms were pre-tested on 12 Filipino participants with similar profiles to target users to refine the translated forms. Data collection on 362 participants in Metro Manila and surrounding provinces was conducted to evaluate internal consistency of the forms using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Ninety-seven participants underwent retesting to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the translated forms using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: The translation process ensured semantic and conceptual equivalence with the original form and experiential appropriateness for Filipino use. Both translated forms demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.67 to 0.82). ICC estimates suggest poor to moderate test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.220 to 0.705). Conclusion The ADS - Physical Disability forms were culturally adapted to Filipino and were found to reliably measure attitudes towards disability of Filipinos, save for some improvements for test-retest reliability. Further studies are also recommended to ascertain the forms' validity.
Attitude

Background and Objectives: Person-centered care aims to involve people in making decisions for their health care. The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) is an easy-to-use functional assessment scale that can facilitate person-centered care. However, cultural nuances and individual differences in English proficiency may affect the administration of the original tool. This study translated and adapted the COPM to Filipino. Methodology: Two translators independently translated the COPM to Filipino. A multidisciplinary expert panel reviewed the translations and composed an initial Filipino version. The initial Filipino version was translated back to the source language. A second expert panel meeting produced a pre-final Filipino version of the tool. Pre-test and cognitive interviews followed, and revisions were made to generate a final version of the tool. Results: The expert panel discussed issues such as preservation of the original thought, understandability to the local population, consistency with the terms used, and avoidance of redundancy during the evaluation of the proposed translations. Meanwhile, analysis of cognitive interviews revealed that despite the issues encountered in some of the translated words, the participants found the adapted version to be generally understandable and easy to follow. The semi-structured interview format also allowed elaborated assessment and goal setting for self-care, productivity, and leisure. Conclusion Findings of this study suggest the potential usefulness of the Filipino version of the COPM in further facilitating person-centered goal-setting in the Filipino context. Future studies are warranted to examine the psychometric properties of the instrument for use in specific client groups, conditions, or settings.
Patient-Centered Care