A 73-year-old man underwent ascending aortic replacement and F-F crossover bypass for acute aortic dissection with right leg ischemia. He was treated postoperatively for acute renal failure due to myonephropathic metabolic syndrome (MNMS) with continuous hemodiafiltration. He suffered from acute graft occlusion and brain infarction on postoperative day (POD) 3. Although recovery of organ functions was observed, an unexpected decrease in platelet count occurred rapidly below 1.1×10⁴/μl on POD 6. We suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and all heparin administration was halted and argatroban was initiated at a dose of 0.2 μg/kg/min, with titration to achieve an activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) of 1.5-3.0 times the initial value not to exceed 100 sec. The platelet factor 4-reactive HIT antibody was positive and definite diagnosed of HIT was made. Administration of warfarin started after the platelet count recovered to 10.0× 10⁴/μl on POD 36. Awareness of the clinical features and different presentations of HIT are essential for preventing severe complications associated with this disease.

Running economy is an important factor in determining a performance of a long distance running. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the running economy and the submaximal hopping economy. Twelve long-distance runners performed a submaximal repeated hopping exercise on a force platform at a frequency of 2.2Hz and the maximum five-repeated rebound jumping (5RJ). Jumping height, contact time, maximum ground reaction force and oxygen intake were recorded during submaximal repeated hopping exercise. In addition, they performed the submaximal running for a distance of 3200m on an outdoor 400m track. Oxygen intake was recorded during the submaximal running. Then running economy (RE = V/VO₂) was calculated by using oxygen intake (VO₂) and running speeds (V). Hopping economy (HE = h/VO₂) was calculated by using oxygen intake (VO₂) and average jumping height (h). As a result of this study, we confirmed that a submaximal repeated hopping exercise performed for a ten-minute period was an aerobic exercise and a steady-state exercise. There was a significant positive correlation between RE and HE (r = 0.805, p＜0.01). These results suggest that hopping economy is an important factor in running economy. On the other hand, we did not find a significant correlation between HE and 5RJ. Furthermore, between RE and RJ index of the submaximal hopping exercise, a significant positive correlation was found (r = 0.735, p＜0.01). Therefore, RE seems to be connected with the Stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function of the legs. We conclude that the SSC ability of a long distance runner can be evaluated appropriately by using the submaximal repeated hopping exercise of this study.

　　With the introduction of the diagnosis procedure combination (DPC) system, the reduction of the health expenditure is expected. The use of generic drugs is promoted. It is imperative for introduction of generic drugs to assure the appropriate use of drugs to decrease medical costs without reducing medical services. Additionally, we should make a concerted effort to prevent the injudicious use of antimicrobial agents resulting in the emergence of drug resistance. In this study, we assessed the effects of switching to generic antimicrobial drugs on drug purchases cost, AUD (antimicrobial use density), hospital days, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study was carried out at Yashima General Hospital for the period from April 2008 to September 2011. The Health, Labor and Welfare Ministry designated Yashima General Hospital as a DPC hospital from July 2009. Since the DPC introduction, the drug purchase cost has been decreased about 40% without reduction of AUD, hospital days, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hospitals are making efforts to assess and improve management efficiency while maintaining the quality of medical care. Our results suggested that the introduction of generic drugs with assessment of efficacy may be one of the useful methods for pharmacy management.

Since January, 1981 to December, 1990, eight patients (one male, 7 female) of Stanford A type aortic dissection underwent surgical treatments with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The average was age 59.6 years (range 50 to 72 years). All of them were diagnosed with UCG and/or CT before operation. Two cases had already been in shock state due to cardiac tamponade. Three cases had aortic insufficiency and one had neurological deficit. After median sternotomy, right atrial-femoral artery bypass was established. Right atrium was incised and coronary sinus was cannulated. Then retrograde coronary infusion of cardioplegic solution was employed at a continuous flow rate of 20ml/kg/hr. The mean rectal temperature was 19.6°C and the mean circulatory arrest time was 35.5min (22-58min). Two of eight cases died, because of DIC followed by necrotizing enteritis at 28th postoperative day, and prolonged shock state before operation. The rest were all survived without any neurological deficits. There were no severe complications related to deep hypothermia. We concluded that deep hypothermic arrest is safe and simple method, allows good inspection of operative field and makes it easier to repair the dissected aorta.

This study aimed to investigate the changes in physical function, fatigue, and psychiatric symptoms in patients with hematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy and low-intensity exercise training. Sixty-two hospitalized patients with hematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy and low-intensity exercise were recruited. At the time of exercise initiation and hospital discharge, grip strength, knee extension muscle strength, maximum walking speed, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, a measure of functional independence, cancer fatigue pain, and hospital anxiety and depression were evaluated. When longitudinal data were analyzed in each group, changes in grip strength and knee extension muscle strength were unevenly distributed: some patients showed a decrease in knee extension strength. On the other hand, maximum walking speed, the measure of functional independence, and ECOG performance status were maintained or improved in more than 90% of the patients. Results of fatigue, anxiety, and depression tended to show an improvement in female patients, but not in male patients. In conclusion, physical function was maintained in nearly all patients with hematological malignancy undergoing chemotherapy and low-intensity exercise training. Sex differences were found in changes of fatigue, anxiety, and depression.

Cardiac tumors are rare, and multiple myxomas are even rarer. The latter phenomenon is mostly associated with the Carney complex, a dominantly inherited disease characterized by multiple primary cardiac myxomas, endocrinopathy, and spotty pigmentation of the skin. We report the rare case of a patient who did not have the Carney complex but had multiple primary cardiac tumors. A 78-year-old woman with a past history of breast cancer was referred to our hospital for further examination of multiple cardiac tumors. Echocardiography showed 4 tumors in the left atrium and left ventricle. We could not diagnose them preoperatively and decided to resect them surgically because they were mobile and could have caused embolism and obstruction. The postoperative pathological findings of all 4 tumors were myxomas, although the patient did not meet the diagnostic criteria of the Carney complex. Therefore, a rare case of multiple primary cardiac myxomas was diagnosed.
Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; Carney Complex* ; Echocardiography ; Embolism ; Female ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Myxoma* ; Pigmentation ; Skin

Introduction: Patients of end-stage heart failure often develop dyspnea. Although morphine is used for dyspnea, these patients are often inappropriate group for using morphine due to renal failure. Case: A seventy-year-old male with end-stage heart failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy developed dyspnea. We used continuous oxycodone infusion for dyspnea with small dose as an alternative to morphine due to renal failure. His dyspnea was relieved in dose-dependent without heart failure recovery. Conclusion: Oxycodone may be an alternative therapy for dyspnea with end-stage heart failure with renal failure.

Background/Aims: Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis and handsewn anastomosis for ulcerative colitis requires pulling down of the ileal pouch into the pelvis, which can be technically challenging. We examined risk factors for the pouch not reaching the anus. Methods: Clinical records of 62 consecutive patients who were scheduled to undergo RPC with handsewn anastomosis at the University of Tokyo Hospital during 1989–2019 were reviewed. Risk factors for non-reaching were analyzed in patients in whom hand sewing was abandoned for stapled anastomosis because of nonreaching. Risk factors for non-reaching in laparoscopic RPC were separately analyzed. Anatomical indicators obtained from presurgical computed tomography (CT) were also evaluated. Results: Thirty-seven of 62 cases underwent laparoscopic procedures. In 6 cases (9.7%), handsewn anastomosis was changed to stapled anastomosis because of non-reaching. Male sex and a laparoscopic approach were independent risk factors of non-reaching. Distance between the terminal of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) ileal branch and the anus > 11 cm was a risk factor for non-reaching. Conclusions Laparoscopic RPC with handsewn anastomosis may limit extension and induction of the ileal pouch into the anus. Preoperative CT measurement from the terminal SMA to the anus may be useful for predicting non-reaching.

STUDY DESIGN: Multicenter, prospective study. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on surgical outcomes in patients with cervical myelopathy. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: To date, few studies have investigated the influence of postoperative blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels on surgical outcomes. METHODS: The participants were patients who underwent surgery for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. The 61 cases were evaluated preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores and the JOA Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ). The study variables included fasting blood glucose and HbA1c levels measured preoperatively and at 1 week, 4 weeks, and 1 year postoperatively; the F-wave conduction velocity, latency, rate of occurrence, and M-wave latency in the ulnar and tibial nerves were measured preoperatively and at 1 year postoperatively. The patients were divided into a group without diabetes (N group, 42 patients) and a group with diabetes (DM group, 19 patients). We then assessed the associations between the surgical outcomes and each of the study variables. RESULTS: JOA scores significantly improved in both groups; however, no significant between-group differences were found. There was no significant improvement in the JOACMEQ scores, which assessed cervical function, upper and lower limb function, and bladder function in both groups. We then subdivided the DM group into those with a good control of HbA1c after 1 year (DMG group, 12 patients) and those with HbA1c deterioration after 1 year (DMB group, seven patients), prior to comparing the surgical outcomes. The JOACMEQ scores for upper and lower limb function significantly improved in the DMG group (p<0.01). Compared with the DMB group, there were no significant increases in upper or lower limb function scores in the DMG group. CONCLUSIONS: Poor glycemic control might prevent postoperative functional recovery of the spinal cord.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Electromyography ; Fasting ; Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated ; Humans ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Lower Extremity ; Neck ; Prospective Studies ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Tibial Nerve ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Bladder

Prophylaxis is sometimes offered to inpatients who share a room with, or individuals who have been in close contact with, patients who have contracted influenza. In our hospital, 5-day prophylactic oseltamivir has been used as a standard procedure. Here, we investigated the effectiveness of this post-exposure prophylaxis for inpatients and healthcare professionals, as well as its effect on hospital management. The study period was 5 years from fiscal year 2013 to fiscal year 2017, and the effectiveness outcome was the secondary infection rate. Medication costs for this prophylaxis were compared with those for oseltamivir used according to the package insert. The secondary infection rates were 3.0% and 0.5% in 133 inpatients and 434 healthcare professionals who had received post-exposure oseltamivir, respectively. The medication costs were reduced by 50% compared with the estimated costs for 10-day oseltamivir administration. The effectiveness of 5-day prophylactic oseltamivir was similar to or higher than that reported previously, indicating that this prophylaxis was effective. Moreover, 5-day post-exposure prophylactic oseltamivir is expected to reduce the prolongation of hospital stay and influenza outbreaks and thus contribute to hospital management.