The growing knowledge of cancer immunology during the past 20 years has led to the current implementation of immunotherapy. Immuno-cell therapy, in which ex vivo processed T lymphocytes and dendritic cells are used as agents, has developed and spread and is now accepted as a common treatment with the identification of a number of cancer peptide antigens. The response rate to immuno-cell therapy is reported to be around 10-20%. Some clinical studies have reported that immuno-cell therapy as a postoperative adjuvant therapy improved survival rates. This paper outlines the historic background and the current medical scene of immuno-cell therapy.