1.Correlation of p16INK4a immunoexpression and human papillomavirus (HPV) detected by in-situ hybridization in cervical squamous neoplasia
Cheah PL ; Koh CC ; Nazarina AR ; Teoh KH ; Looi LM
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology 2016;38(1):33-38
Persistence and eventual integration of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) into the cervical cell is crucial
to the progression of cervical neoplasia and it would be beneficial to morphologically identify
this transformation in routine surgical pathology practice. Increased p16INK4a (p16) expression is a
downstream event following HPV E7 binding to pRB. A study was conducted to assess the correlation
between hrHPV detection using a commercial in-situ hybridization assay (Ventana INFORM HPV
ISH) and p16 immunoexpression (CINtec Histology Kit) in cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions
and squamous carcinoma. 27 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical low-grade squamous
intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 21 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 51 squamous
carcinoma (SCC) were interrogated. hrHPV was significantly more frequent in HSIL (76.2%) and
SCC (88.2%) compared to LSIL(37.0%). p16 expression was similarly more frequent in HSIL
(95.2%) and SCC (90.2%) compared to LSIL(3.7%). That the rates of hrHPV when compared with
p16 expression were almost equivalent in HSIL and SCC while p16 was expressed in only 1 of the
10 LSIL with hrHPV, are expected considering the likelihood that transformation has occurred in
HSIL and SCC but does not occur in majority of LSIL.
2.Staphylococcus Aureus Antibiotic Resistance In Atopic Eczema
Lee CK ; Yusof MY ; Lee YY ; Tan ESS ; Wong SM ; Ch’ng CC ; Koh CK
Malaysian Journal of Dermatology 2016;36(1):5-10
Background: Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing, pruritic inflammation of the skin which is often colonized by Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotic resistance of S. aureus is a constant challenge for clinicians who manages atopic dermatitis.
Aim: To determine S. aureus antibiotic resistance pattern among patients with non-infected atopic dermatitis and its association with disease severity.
Methods: One hundred and seventy eight participants (89 AD patients and 89 controls) were recruited from Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). Participants were subjected to a questionnaire on demographics, personal and family medical conditions as well as antibiotic administration. AD severity were determined using Scoring Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). Skin swab was taken from eczematous lesion in patients and from left forearm in controls. Antibiotic susceptibility towards methicillin, vancomycin, rifampicin, fusidic acid, erythromycin, gentamicin, clindamycin, sulphamethoxazole, cefuroxime and penicillin were determined using disk diffusion method. Results for antibiotic resistance were categorized as none, sensitive and resistant.
Results: Colonization of S. aureus in AD were significantly higher than control (p<0.001). Highest antibiotic resistance was reported for Penicillin (32/39, 82.1%), followed by Fusidic Acid (7/39, 17.9%) as well as Clindamycin and Erythromycin (3/39, 7.7% respectively). Two AD patient (5.1%) were resistant to Gentamicin. In addition, 1 AD patient (2.6%) was resistant towards Methicillin, Sulfamethoxazole and Cefuroxime respectively. No antibiotic resistance was reported for Vancomycin and Rifampicin among the AD patients.
Conclusion: High resistance were found for Penicillin and Fusidic acid. Their usage and prescription should be reduced to preserve its sensitivity.
3.Alternative Strategies for Central Venous Stenosis and Occlusion in Patients Requiring Haemodialysis Access.
Keith KOH ; Ye Xin KOH ; Edward Tc CHOKE ; John Cc WANG ; Ch'ng Jack KIAN
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2017;46(1):39-41
Angiography
;
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical
;
Brachiocephalic Veins
;
diagnostic imaging
;
Collateral Circulation
;
Constriction, Pathologic
;
diagnostic imaging
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Jugular Veins
;
diagnostic imaging
;
Kidney Failure, Chronic
;
therapy
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Phlebography
;
Renal Dialysis
;
methods
;
Subclavian Vein
;
diagnostic imaging
;
Vascular Access Devices