1.The Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Improves Vascular Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes.
Yoshiaki KUBOTA ; Masaaki MIYAMOTO ; Gen TAKAGI ; Takeshi IKEDA ; Sonoko KIRINOKI-ICHIKAWA ; Kotoko TANAKA ; Kyoichi MIZUNO
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2012;27(11):1364-1370
The vascular endothelial function is impaired in the very early stage of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. The goal of this study was to identify the mechanism underlying the improvement in vascular endothelial function by sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study was an open-labeled prospective observational single arm trial. Forty patients were treated with 50 mg of sitagliptin once daily for 12-weeks. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and plasma adiponectin were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after initiating treatment. The %FMD was significantly increased after treatment (4.13 +/- 1.59 vs 5.12 +/- 1.55, P < 0.001), whereas the nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) did not change. The plasma adiponectin levels significantly increased (13.0 +/- 11.3 vs 14.3 +/- 12.8, P < 0.001). The changes in the FMD were significantly correlated with those of the plasma adiponectin (r = 0.322, P < 0.05). A multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the improvement in the FMD is associated with the plasma adiponectin (P < 0.05). The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with sitagliptin reverses vascular endothelial dysfunction, as evidenced by increase in the FMD, and improvement of the adiponectin levels (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry System as trial ID UMIN000004236).
Adiponectin/blood
;
Aged
;
Aged, 80 and over
;
Atherosclerosis/complications/drug therapy
;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*drug therapy
;
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Drug Administration Schedule
;
Endothelium, Vascular/*drug effects/physiopathology
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Nitroglycerin/therapeutic use
;
Prospective Studies
;
Pyrazines/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Regression Analysis
;
Triazoles/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Vasodilation/drug effects
;
Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use
2.The Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Sitagliptin Improves Vascular Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes.
Yoshiaki KUBOTA ; Masaaki MIYAMOTO ; Gen TAKAGI ; Takeshi IKEDA ; Sonoko KIRINOKI-ICHIKAWA ; Kotoko TANAKA ; Kyoichi MIZUNO
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2012;27(11):1364-1370
The vascular endothelial function is impaired in the very early stage of atherosclerosis in diabetic patients. The goal of this study was to identify the mechanism underlying the improvement in vascular endothelial function by sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. This study was an open-labeled prospective observational single arm trial. Forty patients were treated with 50 mg of sitagliptin once daily for 12-weeks. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and plasma adiponectin were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after initiating treatment. The %FMD was significantly increased after treatment (4.13 +/- 1.59 vs 5.12 +/- 1.55, P < 0.001), whereas the nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD) did not change. The plasma adiponectin levels significantly increased (13.0 +/- 11.3 vs 14.3 +/- 12.8, P < 0.001). The changes in the FMD were significantly correlated with those of the plasma adiponectin (r = 0.322, P < 0.05). A multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that the improvement in the FMD is associated with the plasma adiponectin (P < 0.05). The treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with sitagliptin reverses vascular endothelial dysfunction, as evidenced by increase in the FMD, and improvement of the adiponectin levels (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry System as trial ID UMIN000004236).
Adiponectin/blood
;
Aged
;
Aged, 80 and over
;
Atherosclerosis/complications/drug therapy
;
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications/*drug therapy
;
Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Drug Administration Schedule
;
Endothelium, Vascular/*drug effects/physiopathology
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Nitroglycerin/therapeutic use
;
Prospective Studies
;
Pyrazines/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Regression Analysis
;
Triazoles/pharmacology/*therapeutic use
;
Vasodilation/drug effects
;
Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use
3.Infection rate of Schistosoma japonicum in the snail Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi in endemic villages in the Philippines: Need for snail surveillance technique
Fornillos, R.J.C. ; Fontanilla, I.K.C ; Chigusa, Y. ; Kikuchi, M. ; Kirinoki, M. ; Kato-Hayashi, N. ; Kawazu, S. ; Angeles, J.M ; Tabios, I.K. ; Moendeg, K. ; Goto, Y. ; Tamayo, P.G ; Gampoy, E.F ; Pates, I. ; Chua, J.C ; Leonardo, L.R
Tropical Biomedicine 2019;36(2):402-411
Schistosomiasis japonica is one of seven NTDs endemic in the Philippines that
continues to threaten public health in the country. The causative agent, the blood fluke
Schistosoma japonicum, uses an amphibious snail Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi which
can harbor larval stages that multiply asexually, eventually producing the infective cercariae
which are shed into the water. Contamination of freshwater bodies inhabited by the snail
intermediate host occurs through release of human and animal feces containing S.
japonicum eggs. Miracidia hatching from these eggs subsequently infect the snails that
inhabit these water bodies. The degree of fecal contamination can vary across snail sites
and influences snail infection rates in these sites. In this study, conventional malacological
surveys using intensive manual search for snails were conducted from 2015 to 2016 in
seven selected endemic provinces, namely Leyte and Bohol in the Visayas and Surigao del
Norte, Agusan del Sur, Bukidnon, Lanao del Norte and Compostela Valley in Mindanao. A
total of 6,279 O. hupensis quadrasi snails were collected from 38 snail sites. The
municipality of Trento in Agusan del Sur recorded the highest number of snail sites (7) that
yielded O. hupensis quadrasi snails while only one snail site was found positive for O.
hupensis quadrasi snails in Kapatagan in Lanao del Norte and Talibon in Bohol. Alegria in
Surigao del Norte yielded the highest number of snail sites (5) that were found to harbor
snails positive for S. japonicum infection. The snail infection rates in this municipality
ranged from 0.43% to 14.71%. None of the snails collected from Talibon in Bohol was
infected. Bohol is the only province among the 28 schistosomiasis-endemic provinces
which has reached near elimination status. Snail infection rates were found to vary
considerably across snail sites, which could be due to the degree of fecal contamination of
the snail sites and their connectivity to water that can serve as contamination source.