1.Fatty acid composition of sea-buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnodes L. ) oil
Badamtsetseg S ; Bayanmunkh A ; Lkhagva L ; Khurelbaatar L
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2014;169(3):47-50
IntroductionSea buckthorn is known to be one of the vitamin-rich berries in the plant kingdom and has beencredentialed as highly valued for healthy living, improving well-being, enhancing lifestyle, and preventingthe disease. Widely recognized in Northern regions of Europe and Asia, Hippophae rhamnodes hasbeen used medicinally for thousands of years. Both of seed and pulp oil have tocopherols, carotinoids,as well as ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acid families. The seed oil is highly unsaturated, with proportions of linoleic(C 18:2n-6) and α-linolenic (C18:3n-3) acids between 30-40% and 20-35%, respectively, whereas thepulp oil is more saturated containing high amounts of palmitoleic (C16:1n-7, 16-54%) and palmitic acids(16:0,17-47%). Many researchers including Laagan B., Avdai Ch., Tsendeekhuu Ts., Vernik S. R.,Jamyansan Y., Badamkhand D., Odonmajig P have determined content of berry, fatty acid compositionof sea buckthorn pulp and seed oil since 1970 in Mongolia. However, total fat and fatty acids compositionof Hippophae rhamnodes general is known, limited reports exist dealing with comparative differencesin fatty acid composition of Hippophae rhamnodes grown in Mongolia. Therefore, we analyzed thecomposition of fatty acids pulp oil and seed oil in sea buckthorn grown in Mongolia.Materials and MethodsPulp and seed oil were produced in Monos Food Co Ltd., and fatty acid methyl ester were analyzedusing Agilent Packard Gas Chromatograph (GC) (Model HP-6890 Agilent Packard) with mass-spectrumdetector (Model HP MSD 5973N).ResultThe results indicated that unsaturated fatty acids in the seed oil (85.4%) and in pulp oil (62.5%) arehigher than saturated fatty acids of seed oil (14.6%) and pulp oil (37.1%) respectively. The mostimportant factor defining the nutritional value of oil is ratio of unsaturated fatty acids present in oil. Theseed oil contains palmitic acid (10.8%), oleic acid (20.3%), limoleic acid (42.9%), α-linolenic acid (5.6%),Eicosadienoic acid (14.7%). Pulp oil of Hippophae rhamnodes has palmitic acid (35.4%), palmitoleicacid (38.5%), oleic acid (including Vaccenic acid) (6.6%) and linoleic acid (10.4%). The palmitic acid andpalmitoleic acid ratio in pulp oil was more than in seed oil. While oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenicacid in seed oil have a higher ratio than that of pulp oil. It shows that unsaturated fatty acids in seed oilare much higher than pulp oil.ConclusionUnsaturated fatty acids in the pulp oil contain 62.5%, including essential fatty acid ω-3, 6, 9 (18.2%);it is content of 29.12% in unsaturated fatty acids. While, unsaturated fatty acids of seed oil contains85.4% in total fatty acid and essential fatty acid contains 96.72% in unsaturated fatty acid. It can thus beconcluded that seed oil is better than pulp oil because the former contains essential fatty acid.
2. STUDY RESULT OF DRUGS SUPPLY FOR PEPTIC ULCER
Ulambayar L ; Khurelbaatar L ; Munkhbat S ; Tserenlkhagva R ; Oyuntsetseg KH
Mongolian Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2013;2(1):15-
Introduction:Structure and Function of the digestive organ diseases in that commonly occurred Ulcer Disease (PUD) is becoming one of the major diseases in the population furthermore it is tending to increase and peptic ulcer malignity is in the fourth leading tumor which causes to death.80% of the patients who has Gastric ulcer, 80 % of the patient who has PUD, has helicobacter pylori infections.Mongolian statistics data estimates that there are in total 355256 structures and function of the digestive organ diseases were registered in 2011. 25.2 % of stationary disease, 74.8% of is ambulatory diseases from them stationary disease of PUD are 3.74 %, ambulatory disease of PUD are 4.84%.Purpose of the study: Indicate the substantial supply of essential drugs of PUD in the stationary and ambulatory treatment.The study material and method:Diagnosis of PUD 2010-2012, The retrospective study has been done on the history of 393 stationary patients in the Gastroenterlogy Department of Orkhon, Uvur-Khangai, Khovd, Dornod’s regional center for diagnosis and, State Central Clinical Hospital, Clinical Hospital-2, Hospital-3 named after Mr. Shastin, Hospitals in Songini Khairkhan District and Nalaikh Districtbut also 107 ambulatory patient’s substantial supply of prescribed drug treatments were compiled by cross sectional studies which is specifically developed study card.WHO advised the drug supply “ Managing drug supply, the selection, the procurement, distribution and use of pharmaceuticals ” method by Jonathan D. Quick, Jamas R. Rakin, Richard O.Laing, Ronald W.O’Connor, Hans V.Hogerzell, M.N.G.Dukes, Andrew and Кобзарь л.в, дрёмова н.Б, глембоцкая г.т мнушко з.н. Statistic was developed and implemented excel, SPSS16.0 programme.Result of the study: In the study 500 people wereabove 20 and average age is 48.36±14.44.As a tertiary Level hospital 27, As a secondary Level hospital 18,Regional Center for Diagnosis 21, ambulatory treatment 22 kinds of drugs were used in PUD’s treatment. Omeprazolum 380, Metronidazolum 242, Sylcoseryl 227 were used.163380.15 tugrug (Mongolian currency) budget is required for Stationary treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) but 987540.95tugrug budget is required for ambulatory treatment.Conclusion:As a tertiary Level hospital 27, As a secondary Level hospital 18 and Regional Center for Diagnosis used 21 kinds of drugs for PUD.22 kinds of tablets were used for Peptic Ulcer Disease in an ambulatoryAs the result of the study 163380.15 tugrug for PUD’s stationary treatment, 987540.95 are required for PUD’s ambulatory treatment.
3.Results of determination Ginsenoside of Panax ginseng cultivated in Mongolia
Chuluuntsetseg J ; Badamtsetseg S ; Bayanmunkh A ; Khurelbaatar L ; Lkhagva L ; Bud J
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2016;176(2):60-64
BackgroundPanax ginseng is one of the most important medicinal plants in Asia. Triterpene saponins(ginsenosides) are the main bioactive compounds in P.ginseng. The present study investigated thegrowth characteristics of ginsenoside content in the leaves and roots of Panax ginseng at differentgrowth stages (from 1 and 4 years). Analysis was P.ginseng leaves and roots indicated the presenceof two ginsenosides (Rg1 and Rb1) content of Rg1 was higher than Rb1.Aim: The main aim of this study was determine by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)ginsenoside Rg1 an Rb1 of P.ginseng grown in Mongolia.Materials and MethodsLeaves and roots of different ages of P.ginseng were collected at October of 2015 in field of Umnugoviprovince, Mongolia. Collected samples were dried and powdered. Samples were extracted with70% EtOH, water saturated butanol and methanol. The extract was filtrated through filter paper(whatman No.42) and evaporated vacuum rotor. The evaporated extract was resuspended with theMethanol. It stored in room temperature and resuspended mobile phase use for HPLC analysis.The two ginsenosides were analyzed using HPLC system of a model (DGU-20A3r Shimadzu) andcolumn was Octadecylsilane 5μm I-150mm, D-4.6mm, detector was UV 204 nm. The sample wasinjected (20μl) and applied gradient elution was as follows British pharmacopeia.ResultsGinsenosides levels were much higher in the 4 ages roots compared with the 1 ages roots.Ginsenoside amounts in P.ginseng organs changed depending on the specific time during thevegetation season the samples were taken. This study found that the highest content of thesemetabolites-2.082% (butanol extract) occurred in the roots. Our study was independently of thevegetation season. These were Rb1 and Rg1, with values Rg1 was 0.7-2.082% and Rb1 was 0.002-0.03%.ConclusionGinsenosides are generally distributed throughout all the parts of the ginseng plant. We found thatthe highest Ginsenoside Rg1 content accumulated during the first year of growth then decreaseduntil four year.
4.Chemical analysis of animal and plants origin raw materials to improve body potential and strength
Battulga B ; Badamtsetseg S ; Oyunchimeg B ; Battulga G ; Khurelbaatar L
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2014;169(3):51-54
IntroductionOur country imported drugs that are contain androgen and testosterone with high selling cost. Therefore,we have to made new body potential and strength biologically activity product which have natural, lowcost and high effective.GoalThe main purpose of study was to determine chemical composition of dried testicle powder and maincompounds of Tribulus terrestris, Astragalus mongolicus.Material and MethodsThe bovine testicle used in this research was purchased from “Makh Market” Co.Ltd in 2013. T.terrestriswas collected from Gurvansaikhan, Dundgobi province July 20, 2014 and A. mongolicus was collectedfrom Botanical garden of Medicinal Plant of Drug Research Institute in September, 2014. Testicles wereremoved from skin and other parts than cut in a mechanical cutting machine. It was freeze dried at -500Cby Labconco freezone12 freeze drier. 500 g of the finely powdered T. terrestris was extracted three timeswith 5000 ml 70% ethanol for 72 hours. All extracts were combined and evaporated by vacuum rotary till2500 ml. 50 g of the powdered A. mongolicus was extracted three times with 500 ml of distilled water for72 hours. Extract was heated until 800C for 24 hours. Extract were collected and evaporated by vacuumrotary till 200 ml. Protodioscin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) wasachieved by using reversed-phase (RP-18) column, ultraviolet detector (UV) and water, acetonitrilegradient as mobile phase, polysaccharide was determined spectrophotometric method, protein wasanalyzed by Kjeldahl method, moisture was measured by Moisture balance 6KD-50K instrument, totalfat was analyzed by Soxhlet apparatus.ResultThe analyses of testicle powder showed 69.8% protein, 8.0% ashes, 5.42% moisture, 15.6% total fatcontent and protodioscin content 1.12% in T.terrestris extract. In A.mongolicus water extract the 7.26%polysaccharide content was found. We were determined to chemical composition of bovine testiclepowder and results were agreed with MNS 5775:2007. More over, high content of polysaccharide andprotodioscin were found T.terrestris and A.mongolicus. Therefore, those raw materials can use forpotential and strength biological activity product.
5.The study on drug needs of peptic ulcer disease
Ulambayar L ; Khurelbaatar L ; Munkhbat S ; Tserenlkhagva R ; Oyuntsetseg KH
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2013;164(2):76-81
IntroductionStructure and Function of the digestive organ diseases in that commonly occurred Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) is becoming one of the majority diseases in the population furthermore it is tending to increase and peptic ulcer malignity is in the fourth leading tumor which causes to death. Mongolian statistics data estimates that there are totally 355256 structures and function of the digestive organ diseases were registered in 2011. 25.2 % of stationary disease, 74.8% of is ambulatory diseases from them stationary disease of PUD are 3.74 %, ambulatory disease of PUD are 4.84%.PurposeTo define the types and needs of drugs which are used in the stationary and ambulatory treatment of patients who are suffering from peptic ulcerMaterial and MethodDiagnosis of PUD 2010-2012, The retrospective study has been done on the history of 393 stationary patients in the Gastroenterlogy Unit of Orkhon, Uvur-Khangai, Khovd, Dornod’s regional center for diagnosis and, State Central Clinical Hospital, Clinical Hospital-2, Hospital-3 named after Mr. Shastin, Hospitals in Songino-Khairkhan District and Nalaikh District but also 107 ambulatory patient’s substantial usage of prescribed drug treatments were compiled by cross sectional studies which is specifically developed study card. “The consumption method and morbidity method” by Hogerzell H.V., Jonathan D.Quick., James R.Rakin,(2005) was used due to identify drug needs as WHO advised.ResultsIn the study 500 people were above 20 and average age is 48.36±14.44. As a tertiary Level hospital 27, As a secondary Level hospital 18,Regional Center for Diagnosis 21, ambulatory treatment 22 kinds of drugs were used in PUD’s treatment. Omeprazolum 380, Metronidazolum 242, Sylcoseryl 227 were used. Peptic ulcer disease stationary treatment drug needs are not enough.Conclusions:1. As a tertiary Level hospital27, As a secondary Level hospital18 and Regional Center for Diagnosis used 21 kinds of drugs for PUD. 22 kinds of drugs were used for Peptic Ulcer Disease in an ambulatory2. Peptic ulcer disease stationary treatment drug needs are not enough.
6.Current situation of health information system of Mongolia
Enkhbold S ; Jargalsaikhan D ; Gonchigsuren D ; Khurelbaatar N ; Chimedsuren O
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2012;160(2):41-45
Goal: The purpose of this study is to identify issues of current situation of the health information system in the health care facilities of Mongolia.Materials and Methods: A total 362 users as hospital directors, physicians, nurses, statisticians and IT workers of 105 health care facilities at primary, secondary and tertiary level participated in this study. Data collection methods were generated using a combination of questionnaires and in-depth interview of the users. The statistical analysis was carried out using the SPSS. Outcome measures were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: The survey results were shown that a vertical health information flow regulates in the health sector, internal networks set up and H-info 2.0 software as routine data processing and insurance claims are used in the hospitals of Mongolia. Regarding of e-health software as Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE), Drug Information System (DIS), Laboratory Information System (LIS) and Radiology Information System (RIS), 82.6% of the health care facilities used only CPOE. There 50% of the existed e-health software is not integrated in the health care facilities. In the data management, 27.0% of the health care facilities that used e-health applications had no backup solution. 45.5% of total users said that the information technology human resource is insufficient. 70.0% of users responded as there did not any continues training program in health information technology. The study was determined lack of functions and difficulty of using the existed software and inadequate software operation and not user-friendliness are the causes of the most of dissatisfactions. Conclusions: A vertical health information flow, internal networks, routine statistic processing set up and mainly CPOE used in the health care facilities. However there is no integration of e-health software and lack of its capacity. It is required modern integrated health information system in the health sector of Mongolia.
7.Technological and standardization study of “tomuun ” 100 ml syrup medicine
Battulga G ; Oyunbileg S ; Khurelbaatar L
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2012;162(4):98-102
BackgroundOn the basis of criteria and indicators of national and international pharmacopoeia pharmacopoeia medicament in syrup determined the composition. On formulations of sweet juice syrup medicine Tomuun received 100 ml. Improved composition drazhzhe “Tomuun 5g,” which made us and added substance has antihistaminic action - chlorphenamine maleate. This additional structure of the flu as well as infectious and inflammatory diseases have a symptomatic effect, that is, reduces tearing, nasal swelling of the nasal mucosa. As the research result shows, Tomuun syrup 100 ml contains ascorbic acid 10.2 ml / mg, paracetamol 2.5 mg / ml, chlorphenamine maleate 0.41 mg / ml.GoalsThe aim of this study was to develop a new generic medicine’s technology and standardization producers. Materials and MethodsSeveral methods have been used for technological producers and chemical analysis in this study. “Tomuun 100 ml” syrup medicine prepared for general cooking techniques syrup medicine. Indicators for Standardization syrup medicine “Tomuun 100 ml” developed on the basic documents of national and international pharmacopoeia. The thin-layer chromatography and HPLC methods used for determining the content of paracetamol and ascorbic acid.ResultsWe have researched the indication syrup medicine for production technology and projected the standardization producers on syrup medicine according to national and international pharmacopoeias.ConclusionAs results from this study shows that “Tomuun” syrup medicine is suitable for several above mentioned criteria and used technological and chemical methods such as HPLC and thin layer chromatography are acceptable for generic medicine’s standard documentation for this medicine.
8. TECHNOLOGICAL AND STANDARDIZATION STUDY OF “CHLORPHENOS”100 ML SYRUP MEDICINE
Battulga G. ; Oyunbileg S. ; Byambadulam G. ; Khurelbaatar L.
Mongolian Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2013;2(1):46-
Background: The investigational new medicine “Chlorphenos 100 ml” is being developed to treat allergy, flu, and inflammatory diseases.[1] The main biologically active substance chlorphenamine maleate blocks histamine H1 receptors and reduces tearing and swelling of the nasal mucosa.[7,9] In this study, “Chlorphenos 100 ml” was tested to see if it met standards for a syrup medicine published in national and international pharmacopeia.[1,7]Goals: The aim of this study was todevelop a new generic syrup medicine technology and standardization procedures.Materials and Methods: “Chlorphenos 100 ml” was prepared following general methods used to produce syrup medicines.[4] Based on the standardization protocols of national and international pharmacopeia, the presence of chlorphenamine maleate was determined using thin-layer chromatograpy and the chlorphenamine maleate content was established using spectrophotometer techniques.[2,3, 8] The pH and the density of the syrup medicine were determined using potentiometric and hydrometric methods respectively. [4,5]Results: The Rf value of the sample from the syrup medicineandthestandardchlorphenaminemaleatewas identical. The main active ingredient chlorphenamine maleate concentration was determined to be 0.43 mg/ ml. The pH of the syrup was measured to be 4.17 and the density was 1.174 mg/ml.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the investigational new drug Chlorphenos 100 ml meet the standards set forth in the national and international pharmacopeia. Theseresult also validate thetechnological protocol used to produce Chlorphenos 100 ml syrup. Therefore this medicine is determined to be suitable for factory production.Key words: Chlorphenaminemaleat, Chlorphenos syrupReferences1. China pharmacopeia 2005, page 185 chlorphenamine maleate2. Derivative Spectrophotometry for Simultaneous Analysis of Chlorpheniramine Maleate, Phenylephrine HCl, and Phenylpropanolamine HCl in Ternary Mixtures and Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. Maryam Kazemipouraand Mehdi Ansarib*3. Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of paracetamol, phenylephrine and chlropheniramine in pharmaceuticals using chemometric approaches. Khoshayand M.R., Abdollahi H., Ghaffari A., Shariatpanahi M., Farzanegan H.4. Erdenetsetseg G, Khandsuren S, “Medicinetechnologicalvolume I”sweet juice syrup, page 3145. Mongolian national pharmacopeia 2011 page 541, 5446. Friedrich Kluge, Etymologisches Wörterbuch derdeutschen Sprache 2002, 24. Auflage.7. Gisela Wurm, Galenische Uebungen, 1989, 12Auflage, S 1588. EuropianPharmacopia, Fifth edition, Volume 1, S 609
9.The pharmacology study result of kidney inflammation treatment active preparation
Davaasambuu T ; Chimgee TS ; Khashchuluu B ; Bayaraa S ; Odchimeg B ; Bayanmunkh A ; Lkhagva L ; Khurelbaatar L
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2014;169(3):55-58
IntroductionNumber of kidney acute and chronic disease is increasing rapidly in the world and becoming the majorcause of death even population employment capacity is invalid. Statistical report of Mongolian Ministryof Health last 5 years statistic kidney disease is in the 3rd of non-contagious disease Synthetic andchemical medicines used for this sort of disease would have side effects in some cases. Plants, animalsand minerals biologically active substances, side effects need to produce new drugs, has attracted theattention of researches.GoalIdentifying pharmacology act of new granule medicine preparation.Material and Methods: The effects of the medicinal substances were investigated on “WISTAR” linesof white rat. Pathological model of nephritis was formed by injected the rats with kanamycin sulfate(Mondodoev.A.J, Lameza.S.B, Bartonov.E.A, 1988). The experimental animals were given any of thenew granular herbal medicine and compared to the rats given Nefromon. After treatment the creatinine,urea acid and MDA in the serum were determined. MDA is identified by an amount of concentration andmethod (Stalinaya. I.D. 1977).ResultCreatinine amount of disease model group of kidney illness created by kanamycin sulfate is comparedwith healthy group animals and 1.64 times, carbamide amount is 4.25 times, rest of the azote’s 2.73are increased and comparing the experiment group creatinine amount is 1.65 creatinine amount is 1.65decreased comparing with disease model group.ConclusionWhen compound ingredients preparation creates experiment animal kanamycin sulfate oxidantdominates, intensify the kidney cell active, decrease the carbamide and creatinine and decrease thekidney cell necrosis.
10.Comparative study of fatty acid composition of anti-cancer Ellipin preparation at the production stage
Badamtsetseg S ; Bayanmunkh A ; Uuganbayar M ; Battulga B ; Radnaeva L D ; Lkhagva L ; Khurelbaatar L
Mongolian Medical Sciences 2014;170(4):73-77
Introduction. Monos Group, Drug Research Institute is starting to investigate of Ellipin preparationfrom the mid-1990s, Ellipin has anti cancer activity in liver and several studies were investigated withscientists from Japan and China. Especially Hayashi K., Khurelbaatar L and Ambaga M were determinedanti-cancer action of the preparation and they were explained of mechanism of action, which apoptosisis seduced by influence of unsaturated fatty acids in tumor cells. However, changes of fatty acidscomposition at production stage were did not study yet. Therefore, we studied that composition of fattyacids in different term of production stage and compared of Ellipin dense substance.Materials and Methods. Samples of study were collected from production stage of “Ellipin” series130304, which was tacked in 48th hour, 120th hour of production. Each sample was dried at freezedryer “Labconco freezone12L” in Drug Research Institute. Total lipids of sample were extracted withchloroform: methanol (2: 1 v/v) according to Folch et al. Fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed usingAgilent Packard Gas Chromatograph (GC) (Model HP-6890 Agilent Packard) with mass-spectrumdetector (Model HP MSD 5973N) of Buryat State University, in Ulan-Ude.Results. Ellipin preparation is derived from bovine liver, and which is based on homogenization of bovineliver for isotonic. In this process, unsaturated fatty acids were extracted in organic solution. We studiedchanges which saturated and unsaturated fatty acids of bovine liver in process of homogenization andconsist of each fatty acid contents of end product. Results have shown that unsaturated fatty acidswere decreased by 0.4-44% till 120th hour of homogenization process. While, there were decreasedby 4-12% in the end product, although, ω-6 fatty acids were increased by 13.1-38.4%. Moreover, 25saturated fatty acids and 12 unsaturated fatty acids were detected in the Ellipin dense substance (endproduct). Hence, 67.5% of total fatty acid was saturated fatty acids, 32.5% was unsaturated fatty acidsin the Ellipin dense substance. Resent results and results of previous studies indicated that Ellipindense substance may contains saturated fatty acids on in average 50.34%, unsaturated fatty acids onin average 49,32%, respectively.Conclusion. Proportion of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in Ellipin production was about 2:1.Saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids were found 25 and 12, respectively. Saturated fattyacids were gradually decreased and unsaturated fatty acids were slowly increased in production period,which from 48th hour of production-conveyer till end product. Moreover, content of ω-3-6-9 fatty acidswas consist 83,9-87,5% of total unsaturated fatty acid.