Objective:To study the effects of 17-? estradiol on capillary ultrastructure of medulla oblongata in ovariectomized rats. Methods: The 30 adult femal rats were randomly divided into ovariectomy group(A group), estradiol group(B group) and sham- ovariectomy group(C group).The rats of A group and B group were bilaterally ovariectomized ,Which were injected with normalsaline 0.1 ml/d), 17-? estradiol(20 ?g/kg?d -1) ,The rats of D group were sham- ovariectomy ,animals were injected with normalsaline(0.1 ml/d), for 6 weeks. Results:(1)The level of serum estradiol of A group was significantly decreased compared with C group(P

Objective To discuss the method and skill of prenatal diagnosis of fetal isolated pulmonary stenosis and thus to improve prenatal diagnostic ability. Methods The data of 18 fetuses diagnosed as isolated pulmonary stenois were reviewed and the ultrasonic characters of each section were analysised. Results Five of the 18 cases were confirmed as pulmonary stenosis by autopsy and 12 cases were confirmed by echocardiography after birth. One case was confirmed as pulmonary atresia by echocardiography after birth. Reversed blood flow in arterial duct was detected at the ductal arch section in all the cases and right atrial enlargement,right ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, tricuspid regurgitation, foramen ovale enlargement, reduced activity of foramen ovale valve were detected in partial cases. Conclusions It is important that reversed blood flow in arterial duct and in the two main artery could be observed at the ductal arch section and the three vessel section respectively. Ductal arch section,ventricular outflow tracts section and the three vessel section are very important in the diagnosis of fetal isolated pulmonary stenosis.

PurposeTo evaluate left ventricular function in patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) by using three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI).Materials and Methods Twenty-eight patients with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM group) and 30 healthy volunteers (control group) underwent both conventional two-dimensional echocardiography and 3D-STI. Indexes of conventional echocardiography including interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular posterior wall at end-diastolic thickness (LVPWT), left ventricular diameter, left ventricular volume, end-systolic left ventricular volume, peak velocity of early diastolic mitral valve, peak diastolic of late diastolic mitral valve, outflow tract frequency spectrum of the aortic valve and left ventricular were compared between the two groups to get the pressure difference and velocity time integral of the left ventricular outflow tract. Early and late diastolic peak velocity of mitral annular were calculated and E/A, Ea/Aa, E/Ea were also obtained. 3D-STI indicators including three-dimensional left ventricular ejection fraction (3D-LVEF), sphericity index (SPI) and global area of strain (GAS), global longitudinal train (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global radial strain (GRS) were also compared.Results In HCM group, IVST, LVPWT and E/Ea increased (P<0.01), Ea/Aa and E/A decreased significantly (P<0.01), LVOT-PG and LVOT-VTI increased significantly (P<0.05 orP<0.01). GCS, GAS, GLS and GRS were significant lower in HCM group than those in control group (P<0.01). Local strain values at the level of papillary muscle and apex were decreased, which were significantly decreased at ventricular septum, anterior wall and inferior wall.Conclusion HCM patients have various degree of decreased myocardial contractility. The real time 3D-STI offers a novel way to assess the left ventricular function of patients with HCM.

Modeling vocal-fold vibration is extremely significant in realizing the vibration properties of human vocal folds and investigating their physiological and pathological characteristics. A combined model presented is two mass-finite element (T-F) model, which integrates all merits of both the finite element method (FEM) model and the asymmetric two-mass model of vocal folds. The high-speed glottis graph (HGG) can also be synthesized by the model. The result shows that T-F model can simulate the vibration behavior of normal and pathological vocal folds in a more realistic way with competitively computational speed. Therefore, the T-F model is helpful to gaining a thorough understanding of the vibration properties of vocal folds.
Computer Simulation ; Finite Element Analysis ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Speech ; physiology ; Vibration ; Video Recording ; instrumentation ; Vocal Cord Paralysis ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Vocal Cords ; physiology

Objective:To examine the potential influence factors of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).Methods:A 1∶2 pair-matched, case-control study was conducted from July 2011 to December 2012 .A pair was composed of one AAA patient recruited from the Vascular Surgery Department , Chinese PLA General Hospital and two gender-and age-matched non-AAA subjects , one from the same hospital and the other from the community in Fangshan District in Beijing .Demographic data , medical history and the lifestyle of each subject were collected .Moreover , all the participants underwent abdominal ultra-sound or computed tomography ( CT ) and peripheral venous blood samples were obtained .Results:There were 155 case/control pairs .The multivariate conditional logistic regression model confirmed that suffering from hypertension conferred a 1.98-fold (95%CI 1.12-3.18) increased likelihood of AAA. Smoking was a strong independent risk factor of AAA , with odds ratios ( 95% confidence intervals ) of 5.23 (2.44-11.23).Dyslipidemia(OR=2.61,95%CI 1.45-4.70), a higher level of serum hs-CRP (OR=2.43,95%CI 1.37-4.31) and homocysteine (OR=2.73,95%CI 1.61-4.65) were all asso-ciated with AAA.Conclusion: Hypertension and smoking are the risk factors of AAA .Dyslipidemia, hsCRP and Hcy are associated with AAA .

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using a novel docetaxel-loaded polycaprolactoneTween 80 (PCL-Tween 80) nanoparticles for glioma therapy.Methods Two types of docetaxel-loaded nanoparticles were made from commercial polycaprolactone (PCL) and a self-synthesized PCL-Tween 80 copolymer using a modified solvent extraction/evaporation method.A C6 glioma cell line was used to investigate the uptake of polymeric nanoparticles by brain cancer cells.In vitro cancer cell viability was assessed using MTT toxic assay.Results The nanoparticles were found by FESEM to have a spherical shape and be around 200 nm in diameter.The copolymers could encapsulate 10% of the drug in the nanoparticles and release 34.9% of the encapsulated drug over 28 days.The drug-loaded PCL-Tween 80 nanoparticles showed better in vitro cytotoxicity towards C6 cancer cells than Taxotere at the same drug concentration.Conclusion Nanoparticles using PCL-Tween 80 copolymer as drug delivery vehicles may have a promising outcome for glioma patients.

Objective:To investigate the expression of fibrillin 1 (FBN1) in engineered cartilage tissue which is constructed with pig auricular chondrocytes, and the effect of overexpression of FBN1 on chondrocyte phenotype and extracellular matrix expression.Methods:Take three Chang Feng hybrid pigs’ unilateral auricle cartilage, extract chondrocytes and expand to the passage 2, then inoculate at a density of 6.0×10 7/ml (200 μl) onto PGA-PLA scaffold materials whose diameter is 10 mm and thickness is 2 mm, then culture in vitro for 5 weeks to construct 9 pieces of chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues; implant 6 pieces into 3 nude mice, 2 pieces each, culture for 10 weeks, construct 6 pieces of engineered cartilage tissue. HE staining was used to detect the morphology of 3 pieces of chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues cultured in vitro for 5 weeks and tissue engineered cartilage after 10 weeks culture in nude mice; take 3 pieces of pig ear cartilage tissue of 2 cm×1 cm size and 3 pieces of engineered cartilage tissues of 1.0 cm×0.5 cm size, extract RNA, and detect the difference of FBN1 mRNA expression by qPCR; immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the difference in protein expression and distribution of FBN1 between 3 cases of the other side pig ear cartilage tissue and engineered cartilage tissue with size of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm; transfected empty vector plasmids and FBN1 overexpression plasmids into the passage 2 generation of pig auricular chondrocytes, and used qPCR to detect the expression changes of genes related to cartilage extracellular matrix, the experiment was repeated three times. The obtained data was analyzed with Graph Pad Prism 6.0 for two-tailed unpaired t test, P<0.05 means the difference has statistically significant. Results:HE staining result showed that a large number of chondrocytes and small cartilage lacuna were seen in chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues after 5 weeks of in vitro culture. After 10 weeks of in vivo cultivation, obvious cartilage lacuna were formed in the engineered cartilage tissues; The relative expression level of FBN1 mRNA in engineered cartilage tissue (0.001 41±0.000 28) was significantly lower than that in normal pig auricular cartilage tissues (0.003 58±0.000 34), and the difference has statistically significant ( t=4.913, P=0.008); FBN1 in normal tissues were distributed in cartilage lacuna and cartilage membrane, while the engineered cartilage tissues were mostly distributed in the periosteum, and the closer to the center of the cartilage tissue, the less. The relative expression of FBN1 mRNA in the FBN1 overexpression groups was 0.018 03±0.000 64, while the empty vector control groups was 0.006 13±0.001 03, the difference have statistically significant ( P<0.001, t=9.708). After overexpressed FBN1, the relative expression levels of cartilage-related genes: SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN in chondrocytes were increased to 1.273±0.071, 1.315±0.104, 1.928±0.280 times, and the difference have statistically significant( t=3.874, 3.311, 3.044; P=0.018, 0.001, 0.038). Conclusions:FBN1 mRNA expression and protein expression in engineered cartilage tissue constructed with pig auricular chondrocytes was significantly lower than normal auricular cartilage tissue; in vitro experiments show that FBN1 promotes the expression of cartilage-related genes such as COL2A1, ACAN in chondrocytes.

Objective:To investigate the expression of fibrillin 1 (FBN1) in engineered cartilage tissue which is constructed with pig auricular chondrocytes, and the effect of overexpression of FBN1 on chondrocyte phenotype and extracellular matrix expression.Methods:Take three Chang Feng hybrid pigs’ unilateral auricle cartilage, extract chondrocytes and expand to the passage 2, then inoculate at a density of 6.0×10 7/ml (200 μl) onto PGA-PLA scaffold materials whose diameter is 10 mm and thickness is 2 mm, then culture in vitro for 5 weeks to construct 9 pieces of chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues; implant 6 pieces into 3 nude mice, 2 pieces each, culture for 10 weeks, construct 6 pieces of engineered cartilage tissue. HE staining was used to detect the morphology of 3 pieces of chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues cultured in vitro for 5 weeks and tissue engineered cartilage after 10 weeks culture in nude mice; take 3 pieces of pig ear cartilage tissue of 2 cm×1 cm size and 3 pieces of engineered cartilage tissues of 1.0 cm×0.5 cm size, extract RNA, and detect the difference of FBN1 mRNA expression by qPCR; immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the difference in protein expression and distribution of FBN1 between 3 cases of the other side pig ear cartilage tissue and engineered cartilage tissue with size of 0.5 cm×0.5 cm; transfected empty vector plasmids and FBN1 overexpression plasmids into the passage 2 generation of pig auricular chondrocytes, and used qPCR to detect the expression changes of genes related to cartilage extracellular matrix, the experiment was repeated three times. The obtained data was analyzed with Graph Pad Prism 6.0 for two-tailed unpaired t test, P<0.05 means the difference has statistically significant. Results:HE staining result showed that a large number of chondrocytes and small cartilage lacuna were seen in chondrocyes and materials mixture tissues after 5 weeks of in vitro culture. After 10 weeks of in vivo cultivation, obvious cartilage lacuna were formed in the engineered cartilage tissues; The relative expression level of FBN1 mRNA in engineered cartilage tissue (0.001 41±0.000 28) was significantly lower than that in normal pig auricular cartilage tissues (0.003 58±0.000 34), and the difference has statistically significant ( t=4.913, P=0.008); FBN1 in normal tissues were distributed in cartilage lacuna and cartilage membrane, while the engineered cartilage tissues were mostly distributed in the periosteum, and the closer to the center of the cartilage tissue, the less. The relative expression of FBN1 mRNA in the FBN1 overexpression groups was 0.018 03±0.000 64, while the empty vector control groups was 0.006 13±0.001 03, the difference have statistically significant ( P<0.001, t=9.708). After overexpressed FBN1, the relative expression levels of cartilage-related genes: SOX9, COL2A1, ACAN in chondrocytes were increased to 1.273±0.071, 1.315±0.104, 1.928±0.280 times, and the difference have statistically significant( t=3.874, 3.311, 3.044; P=0.018, 0.001, 0.038). Conclusions:FBN1 mRNA expression and protein expression in engineered cartilage tissue constructed with pig auricular chondrocytes was significantly lower than normal auricular cartilage tissue; in vitro experiments show that FBN1 promotes the expression of cartilage-related genes such as COL2A1, ACAN in chondrocytes.

The new cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) guideline emphasize the importance of chest compression, which was considered as the first step to CPR. The duration for CPR is usually limited to 30 minutes. With the development of new technology and evidence-based medicine, the success of extra longtime CPR has become possible, which is of great significance to some patients with cardiac arrest (CA), but the time limit has not been determined. On February 23rd in 2016, a 76-year-old female patient with respiratory and cardiac arrest who was on the third day after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) was admitted to the intensive care unit of the General Hospital of Fushun Mining Bureau. On the basis of the comprehensive treatment measures such as ventilator support ventilation, physical cooling with ice cap, 1 mg adrenaline for intravenous injection, low molecular heparin of 5000 U for subcutaneous injection, and the continuous chest compression were carried out in a timely and effective manner for 125 minutes, which make the patient recover to sinus rhythm and her brain function recovered well without any sequelae, and follow-up of the patient in 1 year showed well. The key to success or failure of CPR depend on the patient's condition. If the patients in healthy, single cause, a good response to the resuscitation, the pulsation of the large artery can be seen now and then during the rescue, and the recovery of the spontaneous breathing, CPR should be kept on. In the process of CPR, individualized assessment of the disease progression without the 30-minute time limit, may benefit the patients in maximum. In the future clinical practice, we should actively explore more favorable evidence, so that CA patients can be rescued more.

Objective: To investigate the tissue structure, chondrocyte characteristics, and the differential expression of related genes and cell surface markers of auricular cartilage of patients in different ages, in order to provide a basis for the age selection of tissue engineered cartilage repair defects. Methods: The auricular cartilage tissue was obtained from 22 patients with microtia in the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, ranged from 6 to 28 years old, and divided into the child group (6-12 years old), the adolescent group (13-18 years old) and the adult group (21-28 years old). The proliferation and differentiation features of chondrocytes which from different-aged patients were detected. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR was used to detect the differences in the expression of genes related to cell proliferation and chondrocyte extracellular matrix. Flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the differences in the expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers CD90, CD44, CD73 and CD105 in chondrocytes. SPSS Statistics 21.0 software was used to process statistics. Results: The proliferation capability of auricular chondrocytes of children was stronger than adolescents and adults, the child group vs the adult group P<0.05, the child group vs the adolescent group P<0.01. The expression of cartilage extracellular matrix related gene COL2A1 increased with age, the child group vs the adult group P<0.01, the adolescent group vs the adult group P<0.01. While the capability of cell osteogenic differentiation decreased with age(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the capability of adipogenic differentiation when considering the ages of patients. The results of both flow cytometry and real-time PCR showed that the expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers decreased with age, with the most significant decrease in CD90(P<0.01). Conclusions The biological characteristics and stem cell content of cells derived from auricular cartilage tissue was influenced by the patients′age.