Objective To establish a method for the determination of eight heavy metal elements (Pb,Cd,As,Hg,Co,V,Se,and Mo) in iron dextran by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).Methods Through detection wavelength selection,optimization of instrument parameters and applying interference element correction (IEC) method to correction of spectral interference,the eight heavy metal elements were analyzed by ICP-OES.Results The elements recoveries were from 88.7％ to 101.3％ by correction of spectral interference with IEC method.The accuracy of the method was good.The linearities of the detected elements were good,and the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999.The detection limits were from 0.12 to 7.26 ng/rnL.The quantization limits were from 0.40 to 23.96 ng/mL.The precision of the method was good (RSD＜3.5％,n=6).Conclusion The results of the spectral interference correction by IEC method are greatly superior to the results of conventional method.The established method is accurate,sensitive,and rapid,which can be applied to the determination of contents of eight heavy metal elements in iron dextran.

Objective To compare the dissolution curves of reference preparation and self-prepared Iloperidone Tablets in four different pH dissolution media (0.1 mol/L HC1 solution,pH 4.5 acetate buffer solution,pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution,and water).Methods The solubility of Iloperidone in different pH solutions was measured,the dissolution curves of two preparations in four different pH dissolution media were determined by HPLC,and the similarity was investigated according to the f2 factor method.Results The f2 factors between reference preparation and self-prepared Iloperidone Tablets in four different media were more than 50.Conclusion The two preparations are equivalent in four different pH dissolution media in vitro.

Objective To evaluate the prevention and treatment effect of double-tube-drainage (DTD) method on anastomotic fistula(AF) after surgery of rectal carcinoma. Method One hundred and eight cases of rectal carcinoma with Dixon′s operation (from January 1998 to March 2005) were divided randomly into 2 groups: treatment group 52 cases underwent DTD, control group was 56 cases received a tube drainage. Results The incidence of anastomotic fistula were 1.9% and 14.3% in treatment group and control group, respectively. There was a significant difference between treatment group and control group (P

Objective To establish a method for the determination of eight heavy metal elements ofPb,Cd,As,Hg,Co,V,Se,Mo in iron dextran by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).Method Through selection of detection wavelengths,optimization of instrument parameters,correction of spectral interference,verification of ionization interference and investigation of suppression methods,the eight heavy metal elements were analyzed by ICP-OES.Results The recovery rate of the detected elements increased 5％ to 10％ by suppression of ionization interference.The accuracy of the method was good.The spiked recovery rates of the detected elements were from 95.7％ to 101.1％.The precision of the method were good (RSD ＜ 3.6％,n =6).The linearities of the detected elements were good,and the correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.999.The detection limits were from 0.15 to 8.09 ng/mL.The quantization limits were from 0.46 to 24.26 ng/mL.Conclusion The method was accurate,sensitivity,rapid and reliable,which can be applied to the determination of contents of eight heavy metal elements in iron dextran.

Objective To investigate the different characteristics of gastrointestinal migrating myoelectrical complex (MMC) of different origin in fasting state and the effects of motilin (MTL) and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) on the MMC of the gastrointestinal tract of different origin in rats. Methods Three bipolar silver electrodes were chronically implanted on the antrum, duodenum and jejunum. Seven days later twenty-four experimental rats were divided into two groups. One group were injected with porcine MTL via sublingual vein, while the other group was perfused with UDCA into the stomach. The gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity was recorded one hour before and two hours after the test substances infusions on these conscious fasting rats. Results Among the total sixty-eight MMCs recorded in fasting rats under control, 67% started in the duodenum, and 33% started in the antrum. The MMC cycle duration and duration of phase Ⅲ of antral origin were longer than those of duodenal origin. Administration of porcine MTL could induce a premature antral phase Ⅲ of antral origin. However, perfusion into the stomach with UDCA resulted in a shorter MMC cycle duration and longer duration of phase Ⅲ of duodenal origin. Conclusion In fasting rats, MMC may originate from the antrum and duodenum, respectively. The different characteristics of MMC of different origin may contribute to the large variations within subjects. Pocrine MTL and UDCA can affect the MMC of different origin of the gastrointestinal tract in fasting state.

Objective To investigate the relationship between mtND4 point mutation in sperms and asthenospermia. Methods Fifty-six asthenospermia cases and 44 control cases were collected using the WHO criterion for defining asthenospermia, the regions of mtND4 gene were amplified by using PCR of 3 pairs primers. Consequently, the point mutation, missense mutation and multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were analyzed by employing sequencing technology and bioinformatics tools. Results Six mutations never before identified were found. The frequency of single point mutation T10873C and T11944C in the control group were significantly higher than those in the asthenospermia group (P＜0.05). Eight cases involved T10873C or T11944C among the 10 cases in control groups with missense mutations were found. But, there were only 2 cases with such mutation in the 10 asthenospermia cases with missense mutations (P＜0.05). The previous 20 cases of missense mutations can be described as either multiple SNP group (with T10873C or T11944C) or nonmultiple SNP group. The percentage of a range and a plus b range of multiple SNP group of sperm was significantly higher than the non-multiple SNP group(P＜0.05). Conclusions mtND4 gene mutation, especially the missense mutation may induce loss of sperm motility. The mutations of T10873C and T11944C may be useful for sperm motility or counteract the influence for the sperm motility caused by these harmful mutations.

Objective To investigate the effects of physical and chemical factors in the environment for dried blood sample (DBS) preparation of neonatal screening assay.Methods A total of 60 normal and 120 positive DBS were prepared under control and 10 different conditions.Another 30 normal and 80 positive DBS were prepared under control and 7 different concentration gradients of formaldehyde.The levels of phenylalanine (Phe),glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenease (G6PD),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and 17α-hydoxyprogesterone (17α-OHP) were tested by time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay or fluorescence assay.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 software.Results Compared with the control group,the results of Phe were not significantly different (P ＞ 0.05) when the samples were dried under the formaldehyde sensitive threshold (4.62 to 6.95 ppm for 18 hours).G6PD levels were significantly lowered when the samples were dried under all the conditions except for fast cold drying (2 to 8 ℃ overnight and formaldehyde condition,0.30 to 0.38 ppm for 4 hours or 0.21 to 0.24 ppm for 18 hours).TSH and 17α-OHP levels were lowered obviously when the samples were dried under the conditions of humidity,UV and formaldehyde condition (TSH:0.32 to 0.52 ppm for 4 hours,0.38 to 0.45 ppm for 18 hours,17α-OHP:4.37 to 4.62 ppm for 4 hours,0.38 to 0.45 ppm for 18 hours).The results of Phe,G6PD,TSH and 17α-OHP were not statistically different with the control group when the samples were dried under the fast cold drying and 2 to 8 ℃ overnight.Conclusion The physical and chemical factors in the environment of DBS preparation should be related to the accuracy of neonatal disease screening closely.The necessary control factors including formaldehyde,ethanol,glacial acetic acid,ultraviolet irradiation,heat,humidity and decoration pollution may exhibit significant effects on the preparation of DBS.Fast cold drying and overnight at 2 to 8 ℃ could be available for DBS preparation.

Objective To compare the outcomes between interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) patients treated with four-drug combination (heparin,lidocaine,sodium bicarbonate,gentamicin) and sodium hyaluronate intravesical instillation.Methods There were 23 IC/PBS patients from Jan.1,2011 to Mar.1,2013.Ten patients (group A) received four-drug combination (heparin 40 000 U,'gentamicin 160 000 U,sodium bicarbonate 1％,lidocaine 0.4％) instillation treatment.Thirteen patients received instillation of sodium hyaluronate (40 mg/50 ml) therapy (group B).In group B,intravesical instillations were performed weekly in the first 6-8 weeks,and monthly until one year.Patients in group A received intravesical instillation twice a week in the first 6-8 weeks and twice a month for 10 months.All the patients were instructed to retain the instillation volume for at least one hour.Clinical symptoms (24 h frequency of urination,maximal micturition volume),O'Leary-Sant symptom and problem index were assessed at baseline and 1,6 and 12 months after treatment.The 2 therapies were compared within curative effects and side effects.Results Twenty-two of the 23 patients were followed up to 12 months.Patients in group A had no adverse events reported.One case of group B dropped out from treatment for recurrent urinary tract infection,and the other two cases felt painful in bladder area during instillation.There was no significant difference in initial scores between the 2 groups (P＞0.05).At 1,6,12 months after intravesical instillation,interstitial cystitis symptom index,interstitial cystitis problem index,24 h frequency of urination,the maximum bladder capacity were improved in both groups.All indicators in group A and B were improved significantly after treatment compared with pretreatment (P ＜ 0.05).≥ 25％ decrease of interstitial cystitis symptom index or ≥25％ decrease of 24 h frequency of urination were defined as remission.Remission rates of the 2 groups at each time point were:1 month after treatment (100％ versus 100％,P=1.000),6 months after treatment (80％ versus 83％,P=1.000),1 year after treatment (70％ versus 75％,P=1.000).There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in all time points for the outcomes (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The four-drug combination intravesical instillation could achieve a similar effect with hyaluronic acid therapy in patients with IC/PBS.

Objective To assess the long-term outcome of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in men with different maximum detrusor pressure (Pdet.max).Methods 113 neurologically intact men diagnosed with BPH and undergone surgical intervention in our department were enrolled between Feb.2009 and May 2012.All patients had completed the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and quality-of-life (QOL) questionnaires and had undergone a full urodynamic analysis before surgery.The outcomes were assessed at 24 months postoperatively using the IPSS score,QOL score,and maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax).Results After 24 months follow-up,3 cases in the poor symptom improvement group could not void.The average Pdet.max of these three patients was (15.7±5.1) cmH2O,which was statistically significantly lower than that of the other three groups [(102.7±39.3),(95.9±42.8),(77.0±27.4) cmH2O] (P＜0.05).Nine cases in the poor functional improvement group whose average Pdet.was (32.5± 16.6) cmH2O,which was statistically significantly lower than that of the other three groups [(115.2±36.3),(87.5±28.7),(75.5±46.9) cmH2O] (P＜0.05).Conclusions Urodynamic analysis plays an important role in judging the efficacy of TURP.Patients with a Pdet.max less than 32.5 cmH2O may not have an objectively successful result from surgery treatment.

Recombinant Fl-V (rFl-V) fusion protein is the main ingredient of the current candidate vaccine against Yersinia pestis infection, which has been under investigation in clinical trial in USA. We investigated the soluble expression conditions of rF1-V in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) that we constructed before. After scale-up and optimization of fermentation processes, we got the optimized fermentation process parameters: the culture was induced at the middle exponential phase with 50 µmol/L of IPTG at 25 °C for 5 h. Soluble rFl-V protein was isolated to 99% purity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography and gel filter chromatography. The protein recovery was above 20%. Protein identity and primary structure were verified by mass spectrometry and Edman sequencing. Results of purity, quality and western blotting analysis indicated that the target protein is a consistent and properly folded product. Furthermore, the immunogenicity of various antigens formulated with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant was evaluated in mice. Serum antibody titers of 4 groups including 20 µg rFl, rV and rFl-V and 10 µg rFl+10 µg rV, were assayed by ELISA after 2 doses. The antibody titers of anti-Fl with 20 µg rFl-V were obviously higher than titers with other groups; meanwhile there were no significant difference of anti-V antibody titers among them. These findings confirm that rFl-V would be the active pharmaceutical ingredient of the plague subunit vaccine.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; Antibody Formation ; Antigens, Bacterial ; immunology ; Blotting, Western ; Chromatography, Ion Exchange ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Mice ; Plague ; prevention & control ; Plague Vaccine ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; immunology ; Vaccines, Subunit ; immunology ; Yersinia pestis