Objective To investigate the features of kidney transplantation in patients over 60 years old.Methods From May 1998 to Oct. 2001,the clinical data of 81 cases over 60 post kidney transplantation were retrospectively analysed and compared with those of 432 patients below 60 age. Results The dialysis time of senile group was longer and the hypoproteinemia was sever than that of control group (P 0.05). The postoperative incidence of pulmonary infection was higher(P

Objective To evaluate the protective effects of a novel hyperpolarized cardiac preservation solution on isolated rat heart. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats (250~300 g, n =24) were randomly divided into three groups ( n =8 in each group) and their hearts were preserved with K H, UW, HCS solution respectively for 24 h. The isolated hearts were perfused in the Langendorff rat mode for functional evaluation before and after preservation. Lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase enzyme leakages, contents of adenosine triphosphate and wet weights in myocardium were measured after reperfusion. Results The impairment of the left ventricle function in K H group was serious, while that in HCS and UW groups was mild. The recovery of coronary flow in HCS group was better than K H and UW groups. There were no significant differences in releases of LDH and CPK and wet weight of myocardium between UW group and HCS group. HCS group offered a less variety of pH and had the highest ATP content of myocardium among the three groups. The time, from the reperfusion to beating of heart, showed no difference between UW group and HCS group. The ultrastructural changes were slight in HCS group. Conclusions HCS solution can protect rat heart for 24 h effectively. The recovery of heart function by HCS is similar to that by UW solution. HCS solution can improve the coronary flow and acidosis and protect ATP more effectively than UW solution.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS) and preoperative midway through the urine and perioperative renal pelvis urine of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy(PCNL).Methods Participants included 450 patients with urinary calculus who underwent PCNL,preoperative midway through the urine and perioperative renal pelvis urine of PCNL was collected.ResultsOf 450 cases,preoperative midway through the urine germiculture positive 100 cases (22.2％,100/450 ),perioperative renal pelvis urine germiculture positive 85 cases (18.9％,85/450),46 cases ( 10.2％,46/450) occurred SIRS after PCNL.Decompression of perioperative renal pelvis urine germiculture positive 20 cases(23.5％,20/85) preoperative midway through the urine germiculture positive,perioperative renal pelvis urine the bacteria cultures negative 80 cases (21.9％,80/365 ) preoperative midway through the urine germiculture positive(P ＞0.05),preoperative midway through the urine germiculture positive 15 cases ( 15.0％,15/100) in SIRS,preoperative midway through the urine the bacteria cultures negative 31 cases ( 8.9％,31 /350) in SIRS (P ＞ 0.05 ).Decompression of perioperative renal pelvis urine germiculture positive 18 cases (21.2％,18/85) in SIRS,perioperative renal pelvis urine the bacteria cultures negative 28 cases (7.7％,28/365) in SIRS (P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionPreoperative midway through the urine has no correlation with the occurrence of SIRS,perioperative renal pelvis urine germiculture positive can predict the occurrence of SIRS,giving corresponding antibiotic treatment can improve the security of PCNL.

Objective To investigate a new strategy of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for donor-specific tolerance induction after heart transplantation. Methods Donor bone marrow cells (BMCs)were harvested simultaneously with donor cardiac graft using modified perfusion method (PM) ,then stored in a -80 ℃ refrigerator after filtration and centrifugation. Whole BMCs (IBM-BMT) (monocytes 1.2 ×107/kg,CD34+ cells 2.38× 105/kg) in host iliac bones were injected into the bone marrow cavity 40 days after heart transplantation. Preconditoning regimens that consisted of fludarabine, antithymoctye globin and total lymphoid irradiation were performed 3 days before BMT. Tacrolimus (Tac) was administrated intravenously after BMT or orally in conjunction with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) 3 weeks later.Cyclosporine and MMF were orally administrated 6 weeks later. Donor chimerism was detected using short tandem repeats-polymerase chain reaction in monocytes from peripheral blood at the 2nd,4th, 8th or 12th week after BMT or BMCs at the 4th, 8th or 12th week after BMT. Intramyocardium electrocardiography examination or endomyocardial biopsy was performed weekly or monthly respectively. Mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLR) were performed 3 months after BMT. Results Donor chimerism in monocytes in peripheral blood or BMCs in iliac bones measured at the 1 st,2nd and 3rd month after BMT was 26.3%, 19.1%,4.8% ,and 46.3%, 24.4%, 7.6%, respectively. After 3-month follow-up, there was no rejection confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy or intramyocardium electrocardiography. Echocardiography revealed that the diastolic and systolic function of the cardiac graft was maintained well 3 months after BMT. MLR revealed donor-specific hyporesponsiveness while immunocompetence was preserved to third-party antigens. Conclusion These findings indicate that the two-stage BMT strategy is a safe and feasible method for the induction of donor-specific tolerance via stable mixed chimerism and needs to be further confirmed after a long-term observation.

The amino acid sequence of ancestral enzymes from extinct organisms can be deduced through in silico approach termed ancestral sequence reconstruction (ASR). ASR usually has six steps, which are the collection of nucleic acid/amino acid sequences of modern enzymes, multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic tree construction, computational deduction of ancestral enzyme sequence, gene cloning, and characterization of enzyme properties. This method is widely used to study the adaptation and evolution mechanism of molecules to the changing environmental conditions on planetary time scale. As enzymes play key roles in biocatalysis, this method has become a powerful method for studying the relationship among the sequence, structure, and function of enzymes. Notably, most of the ancestral enzymes show better temperature stability and mutation stability, making them ideal protein scaffolds for further directed evolution. This article summarizes the computer algorithms, applications, and commonly used computer software of ASR, and discusses the potential application in directed evolution of enzymes.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Evolution, Molecular ; Phylogeny ; Proteins/genetics* ; Sequence Alignment

Metastasis is the leading cause of human cancer deaths. Unfortunately, no approved drugs are available for anti-metastatic treatment. In our study, high-throughput sequencing-based high-throughput screening (HTS) and a breast cancer lung metastasis (BCLM)-associated gene signature were combined to discover anti-metastatic drugs. After screening of thousands of compounds, we identified Ponatinib as a BCLM inhibitor. Ponatinib significantly inhibited the migration and mammosphere formation of breast cancer cells in vitro and blocked BCLM in multiple mouse models. Mechanistically, Ponatinib represses the expression of BCLM-associated genes mainly through the ERK/c-Jun signaling pathway by inhibiting the transcription of JUN and accelerating the degradation of c-Jun protein. Notably, JUN expression levels were positively correlated with BCLM-associated gene expression and lung metastases in breast cancer patients. Collectively, we established a novel approach for the discovery of anti-metastatic drugs, identified Ponatinib as a new drug to inhibit BCLM and revealed c-Jun as a crucial factor and potential drug target for BCLM. Our study may facilitate the therapeutic treatment of BCLM as well as other metastases.