1.Epidemiologic assessment of female urinary incontinence - Comparison of the females with urinary incontinence between a rural community (Kijimadaira village) and urban area (Hokushin General Hospital)
Junnosuke Fukui ; Mitsuo Nakama ; Kenji Yamaguchi ; Osamu Muraishi ; Akemi Yudegawa ; Miyako Onozuka ; Fumiko Saitoh ; Hiroshi Fujimoto
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 1985;33(5):913-919
On the basis of 803 answers of Yes/No questionaires about urinary incontinence from the females in Kijimadaira village and at the Hokushin General Hospital, the actual incidence was discussed especially for the purpose of the comparison between the female farmers and nurses including nurse students with urinary incontinence.
2.Development of Computer Literacy Based on Education and Practical Exercise.
Kei TAKAHASHI ; Kenji SAITOH ; Mitsuo MITA ; Kazuo KATO ; Takeshi KASHIMOTO ; Tokio NAWA ; Saburo HORIUCHI
Medical Education 2000;31(3):171-179
Recent remarkable advances in medical computer technology have allowed earlier and more accurate diagnosis. These improvements in diagnosis have led to the wider recognition of the importance of computer literacy and teaching medical students to use computers. However, establishing a well-defined course for teaching computer science is difficult because of the rapid advances in computer technology. In this paper we present an outline of an educational program and practical exercises for the development of computer literacy which were introduced at Iwate Medical University in 1998.
3.Investigation of Stockpile Medicine in Pharmacies and Dispensing Doctor
Yutaka Inoue ; Yuki Morita ; Reimi Saitoh ; Rumiko Amano ; Sachihiko Numajiri ; Ikuo Kanamoto ; Kenji Sugibayashi
Japanese Journal of Social Pharmacy 2014;33(1):30-35
In 2012, the external prescription rate was 66.1% of the national average. A dispensing doctor is recognized by the escape clauses of Article 22 of the Medical Law, Article 21 of the Dentist Medical Law, and Article 19 of the Pharmacists Act. In this study, the medicine inventories of dispensing doctors and pharmacies were compared. The medicine supplies of 7 dispensing doctors and 11 pharmacies in Saitama were classified according to the medicinal effects. We also investigated the conditions in which high-risk medicines, poisons, or drugs were stored. The average number of medicines in the medicine inventory of a dispensing doctor was 262.3 (range : 99, 439), whereas the average number of medicines in the medicine inventory of a pharmacy was 1179.7 (minimum, 275 ; maximum, 1980). Further, among these medicines, there were an average of 41.0 high-risk medicines (minimum, 18 ; maximum, 76) in the inventory of a dispensing doctor and an average of 176.7 high-risk medicines (minimum, 5 ; maximum, 299) in the inventory of a pharmacy. In addition, poisons (average, 0.3) and narcotics (average, 0.9) were found to be stored by dispensing doctors. The study results revealed that pharmacies as well as dispensing doctors stored high-risk medicines. The dispensing doctor may be indirectly associated with critical medical accidents to need cross-check by pharmacist exceedingly high-risk medicine. Thus, for patients to use medicines appropriately and for them to be reassured of the safety of medicines, only professionals such as pharmacists, rather than doctors, should dispense medicines.
4.Stress- and Aging-Associated Modulation of Macrophage Functions
Takako KIZAKI ; Kenji SUZUKI ; Tomomi OOKAWARA ; Tetsuya IZAWA ; Daizoh SAITOH ; Shuji OH-ISHI ; Keiichiro SUZUKI ; Shukoh HAGA ; Hideki OHNO
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2001;6(4):218-228
Effects of environmental (cold) stress and aging on cells in monocyte/macrophage lineage were investigated. We demonstrated that immune suppressive states seen in acute cold-stressed mice (8-10 weeks of age) is attributable to FcγRIIbright suppressor macrophages. Serum corticosterone levels were markedly increased in acute cold-stressed mice. In addition, expression of glucocorticoids (GC) receptor mRNA was observed in FcγRIIbright cells from these mice. The increase of FcγRIIbright cells in peritoneal exudate cells caused by acute cold stress was inhibited by adrenalectomy or administration of a saturating amount of the GC antagonist RU 38486 (mifepristone). On the contrary, administration of the GC agonist, dexamethasone, markedly increased the proportion of FcγRIIbright cells in peritoneal exudate cells of control mice. These results suggest that the generation of FcγRIIbright suppressor cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage by acute cold stress was mediated by action of GC through the GC receptor. We likewise found that the proportion of FcγRIIbright suppressor macrophages is increased in aged mice (22-24 months of age). Meanwhile, activated macrophages which function as antigen presenting cells were decreased in aged rats. Both the basal corticosterone concentrations in serum and the expression of mRNA for GC receptor in peritoneal macrophages increased significantly in aged animals, suggesting that these populational and functional changes of macrophages in aged animals were mediated, in part, by the increased basal levels of GC. This is probably being responsible for immunosenescence.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
;
Laboratory mice
;
Acute
;
Macrophages
;
receptor
5.Results of Laminoplasty for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.
Akihiko OKAMOTO ; Masafumi ISHIZUKI ; Yasushi ISOBE ; Norio SAITOH ; Masami TOMINAGA ; Hidehiko OZAWA ; Taisuke TANIZAWA ; Yasuo SUGATA ; Tomoyuki MOCHIZUKI ; Kenji HARA ; Kazuyuki SAKAI
Journal of the Japanese Association of Rural Medicine 2001;49(5):729-732
[Follow-up studies were made of 35 patient who underwent laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy for 22 monthoon averages]
The conditions of 35 patients were observed consecutively after laminoplasty.
The mean JOA scores were improved from 8.7 to 12.5. Postoperative JOA scores correlated with preoperarive JOA scores (r=0.60, p<0.01) and ages at the time of the operation (r=-0.45, p<0.01). The period from the onset of the disease to the operation and the vertebral canal diameters didnot [No significant correlation who found between- and-] influence the operative results of the operation.
6.Relationships between Genetic Variations of PNPLA3, TM6SF2 and Histological Features of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Japan.
Norio AKUTA ; Yusuke KAWAMURA ; Yasuji ARASE ; Fumitaka SUZUKI ; Hitomi SEZAKI ; Tetsuya HOSAKA ; Masahiro KOBAYASHI ; Mariko KOBAYASHI ; Satoshi SAITOH ; Yoshiyuki SUZUKI ; Kenji IKEDA ; Hiromitsu KUMADA
Gut and Liver 2016;10(3):437-445
BACKGROUND/AIMS: It is important to determine the noninvasive parameters of histological features in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to investigate the value of genetic variations as surrogate markers of histological features. METHODS: The parameters that affected the histological features of NAFLD were investigated in 211 Japanese patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. The relationships between genetic variations in PNPLA3 rs738409 or TM6SF2 rs58542926 and histological features were analyzed. Furthermore, the impact of genetic variations that affected the pathological criteria for the diagnosis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (Matteoni classification and NAFLD activity score) was evaluated. RESULTS: The fibrosis stage of PNPLA3 GG was significantly more progressive than that of CG by multiple comparisons. Multivariate analysis identified PNPLA3 genotypes as predictors of fibrosis of stage 2 or more, but the impact tended to decrease at stage 3 or greater. There were no significant differences among the histological features of the three genotypes of TM6SF2. PNPLA3 genotypes partly affected the definition of NASH by the NAFLD activity score, but TM6SF2 genotypes did not affect the definition of NASH. CONCLUSIONS: In Japanese patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD, PNPLA3 genotypes may partly affect histological features, including stage of fibrosis, but the TM6SF2 genotype does not affect histological features.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Biological Markers
;
Classification
;
Diagnosis
;
Fatty Liver*
;
Fibrosis
;
Genetic Variation*
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Japan*
;
Multivariate Analysis
7.Transcatheter Arterial Chemotherapy with Miriplatin for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: Report of Three Cases.
Norihiro IMAI ; Kenji IKEDA ; Yuya SEKO ; Yusuke KAWAMURA ; Hitomi SEZAKI ; Tetsuya HOSAKA ; Norio AKUTA ; Masahiro KOBAYASHI ; Satoshi SAITOH ; Fumitaka SUZUKI ; Yoshiyuki SUZUKI ; Yasuji ARASE ; Hiromitsu KUMADA
Gut and Liver 2013;7(2):246-251
Miriplatin is a novel lipophilic platinum complex that was developed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although HCC patients frequently have coexisting chronic renal failure, little prospective data are available regarding the clinical toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents used to treat HCC patients with chronic renal failure. In a phase II study, the plasma concentration of total platinum in patients who received miriplatin was very low, and no severe renal toxicity caused by miriplatin injection was reported. Here, we present three cases of HCC with stage 4 chronic renal failure who received transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with miriplatin. All cases were male, ages 72, 84, and 83 years, and had serum creatinine levels of 2.3, 1.6, and 1.9 mg/dL, respectively. Their estimated glomerular filtration rates were 21.9, 20.3, and 22.2 mL/min, respectively. All cases were treated for unresectable HCC with transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with miriplatin. No serious adverse events were observed, and serum creatinine levels did not elevate, even in the patient who experienced renal failure caused by cisplatin administration. These results might suggest that transcatheter arterial chemotherapy with miriplatin can be safely used in HCC patients with chronic renal failure.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
;
Cisplatin
;
Creatinine
;
Glomerular Filtration Rate
;
Humans
;
Kidney Failure, Chronic
;
Male
;
Organoplatinum Compounds
;
Plasma
;
Platinum
;
Renal Insufficiency
8.Noninvasive Assessment of Advanced Fibrosis Based on Hepatic Volume in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.
Tatsuya HAYASHI ; Satoshi SAITOH ; Kei FUKUZAWA ; Yoshinori TSUJI ; Junji TAKAHASHI ; Yusuke KAWAMURA ; Norio AKUTA ; Masahiro KOBAYASHI ; Kenji IKEDA ; Takeshi FUJII ; Tosiaki MIYATI ; Hiromitsu KUMADA
Gut and Liver 2017;11(5):674-683
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Noninvasive liver fibrosis evaluation was performed in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We used a quantitative method based on the hepatic volume acquired from gadoxetate disodium-enhanced (Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosing advanced fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. METHODS: A total of 130 patients who were diagnosed with NAFLD and underwent Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI were retrospectively included. Histological data were available for 118 patients. Hepatic volumetric parameters, including the left hepatic lobe to right hepatic lobe volume ratio (L/R ratio), were measured. The usefulness of the L/R ratio for diagnosing fibrosis ≥F3–4 and F4 was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify variables (age, body mass index, serum fibrosis markers, and histological features) that were associated with the L/R ratio. RESULTS: The L/R ratio demonstrated good performance in differentiating advanced fibrosis (AUROC, 0.80; 95% confidence interval, 0.72 to 0.88) from cirrhosis (AUROC, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.75 to 0.99). Multiple regression analysis showed that only fibrosis was significantly associated with the L/R ratio (coefficient, 0.121; p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The L/R ratio, which is not influenced by pathological parameters other than fibrosis, is useful for diagnosing cirrhosis in patients with NAFLD.
Body Mass Index
;
Fibrosis*
;
Humans
;
Liver Cirrhosis
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Methods
;
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease*
;
Retrospective Studies
;
ROC Curve
9.What Is the Most Effective Drug Delivery System for Cisplatin during the Treatment of Hepatic Tumors with Single-Session Transcatheter Chemotherapy? A Pilot Study.
Yusuke KAWAMURA ; Kenji IKEDA ; Taito FUKUSHIMA ; Yuya SEKO ; Tasuku HARA ; Hitomi SEZAKI ; Tetsuya HOSAKA ; Norio AKUTA ; Masahiro KOBAYASHI ; Satoshi SAITOH ; Fumitaka SUZUKI ; Yoshiyuki SUZUKI ; Yasuji ARASE ; Hiromitsu KUMADA
Gut and Liver 2013;7(5):576-584
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacodynamics of cisplatin following three different treatment procedures for intrahepatic arterial infusion therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: We divided 13 HCC patients into the following three groups: group A, lone injection of cisplatin (n=3); group B, combined injection of cisplatin and lipiodol, with embolization using small gelatin cubes (GCs) (n=5); and group C, injection of suspended lipiodol with cisplatin powder, with embolization using small GCs (n=5). In each group, the free cisplatin concentration in the hepatic vein was measured at 0, 5, 10, and 30 minutes. RESULTS: The mean free cisplatin concentrations were as follows. For group A, the mean was 48.58 microg/mL at 0 minute, 7.31 microg/mL at 5 minutes, 5.70 microg/mL at 10 minutes, and 7.15 microg/mL at 30 minutes. For the same time points, for group B, the concentrations were 8.66, 4.23, 3.22, and 1.65 microg/mL, respectively, and for group C, the concentrations were 4.81, 2.61, 2.52, and 1.75 microg/mL, respectively. The mean area under the curve (AUC)0-infinity for the free cisplatin concentration was 7.80 in group A, 2.48 in group B, and 2.27 in group C. The AUC0-infinity for the free cisplatin concentration gradually decreased, from group A to group C. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the combination of lipiodol and small GCs may be useful for delaying cisplatin drainage from the liver.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
;
Cisplatin
;
Drainage
;
Drug Delivery Systems
;
Ethiodized Oil
;
Gelatin
;
Hepatic Veins
;
Humans
;
Liver
;
Pilot Projects
10.Stress- and aging-associated modulation of macrophage functions.
Takako KIZAKI ; Kenji SUZUKI ; Tomomi OOKAWARA ; Tetsuya IZAWA ; Daizoh SAITOH ; Shuji OH-ISHI ; Keiichiro SUZUKI ; Shukoh HAGA ; Hideki OHNO
Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 2002;6(4):218-228
Effects of environmental (cold) stress and aging on cells in monocyte/macrophage lineage were investigated. We demonstrated that immune suppressive states seen in acute cold-stressed mice (8-10 weeks of age) is attributable to FcγRII(bright) suppressor macrophages. Serum corticosterone levels were markedly increased in acute cold-stressed mice. In addition, expression of glucocorticoids (GC) receptor mRNA was observed in FcγRII(bright) cells from these mice. The increase of FcγRII(bright) cells in peritoneal exudate cells caused by acute cold stress was inhibited by adrenalectomy or administration of a saturating amount of the GC antagonist RU 38486 (mifepristone). On the contrary, administration of the GC agonist, dexamethasone, markedly increased the proportion of FcγRII(bright) cells in peritoneal exudate cells of control mice. These results suggest that the generation of FcγRII(bright) suppressor cells of monocyte/macrophage lineage by acute cold stress was mediated by action of GC through the GC receptor. We likewise found that the proportion of FcγRII(bright) suppressor macrophages is increased in aged mice (22-24 months of age). Meanwhile, activated macrophages which function as antigen presenting cells were decreased in aged rats. Both the basal corticosterone concentrations in serum and the expression of mRNA for GC receptor in peritoneal macrophages increased significantly in aged animals, suggesting that these populational and functional changes of macrophages in aged animals were mediated, in part, by the increased basal levels of GC. This is probably being responsible for immunosenescence.