Objective:To investigate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in hemodialysis patients.Methods:One hundred and fifty hemodialysis patients were tested for HCV-RNA using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay and for anti-HCV IgG using an enzyme-linked mmunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result:The positive rate of anti-HCV IgG was 24%.The positive rate of HCV-RNA was 26.7%;the total positive rate of HCV markers was 35.3%.Conclusion:HCV infection rate in hemodialysis patients is higher than that of general population.The first-class risk factors for HCV infection is transfusion of blood,while the cross using of dialyzer and dialysis pipe-line is also one of the risk factors.

Metastatic small bowel cancers are extremely rare in clinical practice. Primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma with gastrointestinal metastasis is seldom reported in the literature. Here, we describe the case of an 80-year-old male patient with primary appendiceal adenocarcinoma, who presented to China Medical University Hospital with mid-gastrointestinal tract bleeding. Capsule endoscopy revealed stenotic bowel lumen, but the capsule was retained in the distal duodenum. Double-balloon enteroscopy demonstrated erosive and erythematous mucosa in the region of capsule retention. The retained capsule was retrieved successfully by using an electrosurgical snare. Histological examination and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy specimen from the duodenal lesion strongly supported the diagnosis of metastatic appendiceal adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biopsy ; Capsule Endoscopy ; China ; Diagnosis ; Double-Balloon Enteroscopy ; Duodenum ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Mucous Membrane ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; SNARE Proteins

No abstract available.
Hemorrhage*

In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) are of crucial importance for human cancer. The functional relevance of ncRNAs is particularly evident for microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). miRNAs are endogenously expressed small RNA sequences that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have been extensively studied for their roles in cancers, whereas lncRNAs are emerging as important players in the cancer paradigm in recent years. These noncoding genes are often aberrantly expressed in a variety of human cancers. However, the biological functions of most ncRNAs remain largely unknown. Recently, evidence has begun to accumulate describing how ncRNAs are dysregulated in cancer and cancer stem cells, a subset of cancer cells harboring self-renewal and differentiation capacities. These studies provide insight into the functional roles that ncRNAs play in tumor initiation, progression, and resistance to therapies, and they suggest ncRNAs as attractive therapeutic targets and potentially useful diagnostic tools.
Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; RNA, Long Noncoding ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Untranslated ; genetics ; metabolism

No abstract available.
Hemophilia A* ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans

No abstract available.

Acute cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs commonly in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients, but is usually asymptomatic in the latter. Vascular events associated with acute CMV infection have been described, but are rare. Hence, such events are rarely reported in the literature. We report a case of pulmonary embolism secondary to acute CMV colitis in an immunocompetent 78-year-old man. The patient presented with fever and diarrhea. Colonic ulcers were diagnosed based on colonoscopy findings, and CMV was the proven etiology on pathological examination. The patient subsequently experienced acute respiratory failure. Pulmonary embolism was diagnosed based on the chest radiography and computed tomography findings. A diagnosis of acute CMV colitis complicated by pulmonary embolism was made. The patient was successfully treated with intravenous administration of unfractionated heparin and intravenous ganciclovir.
Administration, Intravenous ; Aged ; Colitis* ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Cytomegalovirus* ; Diagnosis ; Diarrhea ; Fever ; Ganciclovir ; Heparin ; Humans ; Pulmonary Embolism* ; Radiography ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thorax ; Ulcer

Objective To evaluate effect of cytochrome P450 2C19 ( CYP2 C19 ) genotype on pharmacokinetics of voriconazole in healthy volunteers. Methods Studies evaluating the CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism and pharmacokinetics of voriconazole were retrieved through a systematical search of electronic databases ( up to Feb.2015 ).Studies selection according to the inclusion criteria , data extraction and risk of bias assessment were conducted.The meta -analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0.Results Nine studies were included in this meta -analysis, 8 in English, 1 in Chinese.CYP2C19 gene polymorphism had a significantly effect on AUC , poor metabolizers ( PM)>intermediate metabolizers ( HEM ) >extensive metabolizers (EM) >ultrarapid metabolizers (UM), CL(EM>HEM>PM), Cmax ( PM >HEM, EM >UM ) , t1/2 ( PM >EM, PM >HEM ) and tmax ( PM>EM,HEM>EM).Conclusion The pharmacokinetics parameters of voriconazole were influenced significantly by CYP 2C19 genotype in healthy volunteers.

Objective:To investigate the short term clinical efficacy of intra-gastric balloon (IGB) on obesity patients with different body mass index (BMI).Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 62 obesity patients with different BMI who were admitted to three medical centers, including 56 cases in the Hurstville Private Hospital, 4 cases in the St George Private Hospital of University of New South Wales and 2 cases in the East Sydney Private Hospital, from January 2017 to December 2021 were collected. There were 15 males and 47 females, aged 45.1(range, 18.0 to 67.0)years, with the BMI of 35.1(range, 27.8 to 48.4)kg/m 2. Of the 62 patients, there were 33 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 29 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2. Observation indicators: (1) first operation and postoperative complications; (2) follow-up after first IGB; (3) recurrent IGB and postoperative complications; (4) follow up after recurrent IGB. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examinations to detect postoperative complications and weight loss effects. Patients were followed up at postoperative 1, 3, 6 month. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were described as absolute numbers. Results:(1) First opera-tion and postoperative complications. All 62 obesity patients underwent the first IGB successfully. Of the 62 patients, 45 cases had postoperative complications, including 38 cases with gastroesophageal reflux, 12 cases with dysphagia or burping, 9 cases with epigastric pain and 4 cases with nausea. One patient may have multiple complications. Cases with above complications in the 33 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 29 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2 were 21, 8, 7, 2 and 17, 4, 2, 2, respectively. (2) Follow-up after first IGB. Of the 62 obesity patients, there were 52, 46 and 38 cases completing followed up at postoperative 1, 3 and 6 month, respectively, including 30, 25,20 cases in patients with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 22, 21, 18 cases in patients with BMI≥35 kg/m 2. Of the 62 obesity patients, there were 15 cases requiring early balloon extraction due to intractable symptoms, inclu-ding 7 cases with ongoing dysphagia or burping, 6 cases with complaining of ineffective weight loss, 1 case with acute right-sided abdominal pain and 1 case with a serendipitous discovery of pregnant. The cumulative weight loss of the 30 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 22 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2 at postoperative 1 month was (4.8±3.0)kg and (6.6±2.8)kg, respectively. The above indicator was (6.7±4.4)kg and (10.6±4.8)kg at postoperative 3 month for the 25 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 21 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2, and (8.5±4.8)kg and (9.8±3.9)kg at postoperative 6 month for the 20 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 18 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2. The percentage of excess weight loss was 53%±26% and 29%±15% at postoperative 6 month and the percentage of total weight loss was 14%±5% and 10%±5% at postoperative 6 month for the 20 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 18 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2, respectively. (3) Recurrent IGB and postoperative complications. Of the 38 cases completing the postoperative 6 month followed up after the first IGB, 9 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 7 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2 choosing a second IGB immediately after the removal of the first balloon. Cases with postoperative compli-cations, including gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia or burping, epigastric pain, nausea were 4, 3, 0, 0 in patients with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 4, 0, 2, 1 in patients with BMI≥35 kg/m 2. (4) Follow up after recurrent IGB. All the 16 patients who chosen a second IGB completed the postoperative 6 month followed up, with the cumulative weight loss of (8.8±8.5)kg and (18.9±9.7)kg and the percentage of excess weight loss of 44%±38% and 41%±15% in the 9 cases with 27 kg/m 2≤BMI<35 kg/m 2 and 7 cases with BMI≥35 kg/m 2, respectively. Conclusions:IGB can achieve a good short-term weight loss effects in obesity patients with BMI≥27 kg/m 2. Gastroesophageal reflux, dysphagia or burping, epigastric pain and nausea are common postoperative complications.

Objective To investigate the effect of local injection of phage lyase LysGH 15 into rabbits' knee joint on the systemic inflammation,local infection around knee joint prosthesis and biofilm formation on the prosthesis surface after their knee joint prosthesis implantation surgeries.Methods Models of Staphylococcus aureus infection on rabbits' knee joint prosthesis after prosthesis implantation were built and divided into experimental group for intra-articular injection with lyase and control group for injection with saline into their joint cavity.The phage lysin LysGH15 was synthesized and purified.On the 1st,2nd and 3rd day after the inoculation with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria into the rabbits' knee joint cavity of the prosthesis implanted side,0.5 ml diluted solution of LysGH15 was injected into the knee joint cavity with infection around the prosthesis for the experimental group rabbits and 0.5 ml saline was injected into the corresponding joint cavity for control group rabbits as blank contrast.On the 1st,3rd,7th and 14th day,blood samples were collected from their ear vein to make plasma procalcitonin test for evaluation of rabbits' systemic infection.After the last time for collection of venous blood samples,these rabbits were killed instantly and their knee joints of prosthesis implantation side were dissociated.Tissue around the prosthesis was processed with HE staining to observe and evaluate the local infection and tissue necrosis around the prosthesis.The biofilm formation on the prosthesis surface was evaluated with semi quantitative method after the observation of samples under scanning electron microscope (SEM).Results After the injection of LysGH15 in experimental group,their serum procalcitonin level,which worked as the systemic inflammatory marker,decreased rapidly especially on the 3rd day after lysin injection.Compared with the control group,the infection degree of experimental group significantly decreased.In the experimental group,the infection and necrosis degree of the tissue surrounding the prosthesis were significantly lower in the experimental group than those in the control group.The semi quantitative scores were conducted for these samples and graded to make rank sum test.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (U=2.4948,P=0.0126).There was a statistically significant difference in the rank sum test between the two groups in the quality of biofilm formation (U=2.2539,P=0.0242).Conclusion Phage lysin LysGH15 can alleviate the rabbits'systemic inflammation caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria after their knee joint prosthesis implantation,reduce the extent of damage caused by infection and inflammation to the tissue around the prosthesis,and inhibit the formation of bacterial biofilm on the surface of implanted prosthesis.