Objective To investigate the renal function damage in newberns ruth hyperbilirubinemia and the effects of early treatment. Methods 100 newberns with hyperbilirubinemia were taken as treatment group. Ser-um bilirubin, malondialdehyde (MDA), β_2-MG, and urine-minim protein (β_2-MG, α_1-MG, ALB) were measured within 24 hours after charge in. 50 healthy newborns had been chosen as controls. Anti-oxidate (vitamin E and Glu-tathion) as weel as regular method were given to the treatment group. All the above biochemical indexes were tested in the 3td and 6th day. Results When bilirubin level was in 205.0～256.5 μmol/L, β_2-MG、α_1 -MG in urine and MDA in blood were higher in treatment group than in control group(P < 0.05);when unconjugated bilirubin(UCB) was in in 256.6～342.0 μmol/L, β_2-MG was also raised (P < 0.01, P < 0.05);and when UCB greater than in 342.0 μmol/L, serum β_2-MG and urine ALB raised significantly (P <0.01,P <0.05). After early treatment, bil-irubin decreaed, and, β_2-MG, urine-minim protein declined to normal level, with a faster recovery in treatment group than control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Hyperbilirubinemia may damage the glomerular filtration and renal tubule's re-absorption function in neonatals. Lipid peroxidation activated by UCB in Hyperbilirubinemia may cause thease damages. Antioxidant combined with regular treatment could lead better results.