OBJECTIVE:To observe the stability of fleroxacin injection. METHODS: The contents of fleroxacin injection and its degradation product were determined by HPLC method,and the effects of light, heat, pH value and halogen ion on the stability of fleroxacin injection was also studied. RESULT: The average recovery rate of the fleroxacin was 100.4%(RSD=0.87%); the color of fleroxacin injection deepened and the content of the degradation product increased if its pH value was lower or if the illuminating or heating time became longer; the sediments were separated out if met with halogen ion. CONCLUSION: The fleroxacin injection was unstable and easy to decompose under light and heat, especially under the light; the content is more likely to be decomposed if the pH value is lower;fleroxacin injection can not to be applied together with the halogen ion.

Recognition has been achieved in the molecular targeting of several key signaling transduction pathways governing cell survival and proliferation in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).A milestone in CLL treatment is reached.This review provides a brief summary of the 54th ASH annual meeting,focusing on recent advances in the preclinical and clinical investigation of promising target-directed therapeutic agents.

Objective To investigate the antileukemia effect of Prunella vulgaris Injection(PVI) in order to offer experimental data for the treatment of leukemias with PVI in clinic.Methods Inhibition of PVI on K562 cell proliferation and IC_(50) value was assayed by MTT assay.The growth curve of K562 cells was drawn also.The cellular morphology was observed by invert microscope,Giemsa staining,and MTT assay.The apoptosis induced the effect of PVI to K562 cells was observed by trypan-blue exclusion test and flow cytometer(FCM).The expression of apoptosis related protein bcl-2 and bax was measured by immunocytochemistry,and the quantitative analysis was made with figure analysis system.Results PVI obviously inhibited the proliferation of K562 cells in a dose-dependent manner(r=0.985 0).The IC_(50) was 0.113 mg/mL.(After) K562 cells were treated with PVI(50 mg/mL),the morphological characters of apoptosis were observed.The results of FCM showed that the apoptosis rats [(37.15?1.46)%] in the treatment group were significant higher than that in control group [(5.56?0.68)%](P

Background and purpose: It has been reported that activation of Notch1 could strongly inhibit proliferation of HPV (human papilloma virus)-positive HeLa cells by down-regulation of the E6 and E7 genes. The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of the Notch signaling pathway in growth arrest of EC109 cells in vitro and the molecular mechanism. Methods: EC109 cell lines, a well differentiated human ESCC (esophageal squamous cell carcinoma) cell line with HPV18-positive, was used in the study. Exogenous intracellular domain of Notch1(ICN) was transfected into cultured EC109 cells by lipofectamine transfection, the proliferation of the transfected cells was measured by an MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry. Human papilloma virus type 18 (HPV18) E6/E7 mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR, and p53 protein expression was detected by Western blot.Results: Activation of Notchl signaling resulted in inhibition of EC109 cell proliferation with the induction of G_2/ M arrest. There was a significant difference in terms of the percentage of G_2/M phase cells among the ICN-transfected group (42.57±1.57)% and the non-transfected group (1.88±0.66)% or the empty plasmid transfected group (1.99±1.02)% (P<0.01). Down modulation of HPV18 E6/E7 gene expression and upregulation of p53 expression was (2.15±0.23) in ICN-transfected group higher than non- transfected group (0.45±0.07) and empty plasmid transfected group (0.46±0.02) (P<0.01). Conclusion: Repression of HPV18 E6/E7 expression by Notch1 signaling results in growth suppression of HPV18-positive EC109 cells with concomitant activation of p53-mediated pathways.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) combined with autologous bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) transplantation in treating early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).Methods Forty patients diagnosed as stage Ⅰ or Ⅱ according to the classification of osteonecrosis of the femoral head put forward by the Association Research Circulation Osseous were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group with 20 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with BMSC transplantation,while the treatment group was further treated with ESWT the next day.Harris scores were assigned before the treatment and 3,6,12 and 24 months after the treatment to evaluate hip function,the degree of pain and the effects of the treatment.Frog-bit X-rays of the anteroposterior pelvis were taken to assess the stages.Results There were significant differences in the Harris scores and pain degree of the two groups before and at the different time points after the treatment.After 6,12 and 24 months,significant differences were observed in the two values between the two groups.After 12 months the number of hips rated excellent,good and medium level were 8,18 and 1 in the treatment group and 5,13 and 8 in the control group,showing significant differences.Conclusion Extracorporeal shock wave therapy along with autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation can be used to treat patients with early stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head,relieving their pain and improving their joint function.

Objective To investigate the potential differences in efficacy of anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments(ACL &PCL)reconstruction by using arthroscopy between autologous tendon and tendon allograft.Methods A total of 144 patients with ACL or PCL fracture were assigned into two groups,namely anterior tibial muscle tendons allograft(n =82)and tendons autograft(n =63).The graft was fixed by using the Endobutton and Intrafix systems. The general information,drawer test,Lachman test,IKDC score,Lysholm score and Tegner score were compared between groups before and after surgery.The mean follow -up period was 16 months,ranged from 6 to 24 months. Results Both two groups received significant improvement after surgery and met the requirements of ligament reconstruction.However,those patients received autologous tendon had less complications,better knee stability.There were significant differences in Lachman score,ADT/PDT score,IKDC score[(83.43 ±4.37)points vs.(81.05 ± 4.41)points],Lysholm score [(90.59 ±3.43)points vs.(89.03 ±3.25 )points],and Tegner score [(7.79 ± 0.94)points vs.(7.37 ±0.90)points]between the two groups in 12 -month(χ2 =9.509,9.080,t =3.237,2.770, 2.729,all P <0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of autologous tendon is better than tendon allograft in anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments reconstruction,which should be considered has highest priority in treating patients with anterior or posterior cruciate ligaments fracture.

Background The incidence of dry eye is gradually increased,and researches showed that inflammation participated in the pathogenesis and development of dry eye.The current therapy for dry eye can only relieve symptom but not achieve final cure.Stem cell therapy has been used in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency.However,whether it is feasible for the stem cell treating dry eye is still unclear.Objective This study attempted to investigate a new approach to treat dry eye syndrom by using human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs).Methods The use and care of experimental animals complied with the Tsinghua University School of Medicine Laboratory Animal Care Details.HUCMSCs were cultured and cell suspension was prepared with the cell density of 5×105/ml.Twenty 24-week-old male NOD/Ltj mice were randomized into 4 groups.0.1 ml PBSHUCMSCs suspension was injected via tail vein or lacrimal respectively in the caudal vein injection group and lacrimal injection group,and 10 μ1 PBS-HUCMSCs suspension was topically administed in the eye drops group.The NOD/Ltj mice without any treatment served as the model group.Five male ICR mice were used as the normal control group.Tear secretion was quantitatively detected with phenol red cotton thread in 1,2,3 weeks after injection,and corneal epithelial defect was scored by fluorescein staining.The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6,IL-17a,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-αt) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) were assayed by ELISA.The relative expression levels of p65,Stat3,Stat5 and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (Erk)-1 in lacrimal gland were detected by Western blot.Results The tear secretion amount was significantly different among the model group,caudal vein injection group,lacrimal injection group and eye drops group in various time points (1 week:F =3.700,P =0.040;2 weeks:F =5.150,P =0.008;3 weeks:F=10.130,P＜0.001).The tear secretion amount was increased in the caudal vein injection group and lacrimal injection group compared with the model group in different time points (all at P＜0.05),and no significant difference was seen in tear secretion amount between eye drops group and model group among various time points (all at P＞0.05).The fluorescein staining score was 3.00±0.63,9.40±1.62,5.20±1.17,4.20±1.17 and 7.20±0.98 in the ICR mouse control group,model group,caudal vein injection group,lacrimal injection group and eye drops group 1 week after injection respectively,and the scores were significantly lower in the caudal vein injection group,lacrimal injection group and eye drops group than those in the model group (P =0.001,0.000,0.033).The serum levels of IL-6,IL-17a and TNF-α in the caudal vein injection group were evidently lower than those in the model group (t =4.70,3.46,11.0,all at P＜0.01),but no significant difference was displayed in the serum IFN-γ level among the five groups (F=1.740,P=0.170).The expressions of STAT5 were significantly decreased in the mice treated with tail vein injection and lacrimal injection compared with mice without treatment (both at P＜0.05).Conclusions Administration of HUCMSCs via intravenous and lacrimal injection can alleviate the inflammatory response during progression of dry eye syndrome by down-regulating the serum level and expression of inflammation-related factors in NOD/Ltj mice.The topical administration of HUCMSCs eye drops can attenuate the symptom of dry eyes by lubricating the cornea and suppling nutrition.

Objective To investigate the mutation phenomenon of 20 autosomal STR loci in Henan Han population. Methods A total of 3011 parentage confirmed cases were collected to screen mutation events, ascertain the source of mutation, calculate mutation rate, analyze mutation rules and compare with the mutation condition of populations in different regions. Results 76 mutation events were observed in 19 STR loci, the average and accumulative mutation rate reached to 0.08% and 1.6629%, respectively. The ration of paternal versus maternal mutation was 8:1. Mutation rates of Penta E and D12S391 loci in Henan Han population were lower than the Han population of northern China(P<0.05); the mutation rate of CSF1PO locus were lower than Guangdong population and Yunan Han population(P<0.05); the mutation rates of D6S1043 and D12S391 loci were lower than Guangdong population(P<0.05). Conclusion STR mutation events were common in paternity testing. Region differences among mutation rate were significant.

This study was designed to investigate the expression of aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 on intraembryonic AGM stromal cells, and the change of its enzymatic activity after irradiation injury. The expression of APN/CD13 on AGM stromal cells was assayed by RT-PCR and immunihistochemistry. After the stromal cells in AGM region were irradiated with 8.0 Gy of (60)Co gamma-rays, APN/CD13 enzymatic activity was measured by spectrophotometer at different time points. The result showed that AGM stromal cells strongly expressed APN/CD13. The enzymatic activity of APN/CD13 decreased temporarily after irradiation injury, then increased to higher level 4 h after irradiation, and it returned to the pre-irradiation level 24 to 48 h after the irradiation. The enzymatic activity of APN/CD13 was temporarily enhanced after irradiation injury, which might be one of the compensatory mechanisms that promote the hematopoietic recovery after irradiation.

Objective The hearing and speech rehabilitation effects by hearing aid use and cochlear implanta‐tion in hearing -impaired children were compared .Methods A total of infants aged from 6 months to 3 years with severe hearing loss of prelingual nature were included .They were divided into 2 groups :group 1 (18 with hearing aids) and group 2 (14 with cochlear implantation) .There was no significant difference in the degree of hearing loss and age between the 2 groups .They received rehabilitation education of the same content for a year .Their unaided and aided thresholds were tested in sound field while the IT -MAIS was used for evaluating hearing ability of two groups before and after 3 ,6 ,9 ,and 12 months of hearing aid use and cochlear implantation .Results In both groups ,hearing were better in aided conditions than those of in unaided ,while those from the cochlear group were significantly improved at more frequencies than those of the hearing aid group .In general ,the longer use and train‐ing ,the better hearing improvement .The mean scores of auditory performance in the cochlear implantation group at 6 months were significantly higher in comparison with those at 3 months (P<0 .05) .There were significant differ‐ences in mean scores between the two groups at 6 ,9 ,12 months after fitting (P<0 .05) .The verbal ability scores ,hearing and speech rehabilitation levels in the cochlear group were higher than those of in the hearing aid group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion For severe hearing loss children ,cochlear implantation could produce more noticeable effects than hearing aids .