Objective:To estimate the validation of BMR predictive equations applied in Chinese population and to analyze racial and climatic influence on BMR. Methods: BMR data tested in Chinese were collected and combined for re-analysis. These measured BMR were compared with the prediction of commonly used equations. Results:The prediction of adopted equations was well associated with measured values (P0.05). Conclusion:There is no racial BMR difference between Chinese and Caucasian. BMR in southern population tended to be lower. Comprehensively, the prediction of Henry-equation was closer to measured BMR in Chinese adult population.

A bismuth-antimony fire assay method for the preconcentration of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, iridium and platinum in copper-nickel sulfide ores was developed. 40. 0 g bismuth trioxide, 25. 0 g boric acid, 10. 0 g sodium carbonate and 1. 00 g starch were mixed with 10. 0 g sample in a 120 mL porcelain bowl, which was put in a furnace at 850 ℃. After 20 min the temperature was raised to 1000 ℃ and held for another 40 min, and then the bowl was taken out, with the slag poured, which left the bismuth button to air cooling. A two-step cupellation procedure was developed. During the first step, the bismuth button was cupellated in a magnesia cupel until its diameter reached 5 mm or so, then it was transferred to a crucible cover containing 20 g melting antimony and kept cupellating, at last a bead with a diameter of 1 mm was obtained. The bead was microwave-digested, after cooling down to room temperature, the solvent of which was transferred to a volumetric flask and diluted to 10 ml with water. Pt and Pd were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry ( ICP-AES), while 99 Ru, 103 Rh, 191 Ir were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with 115 In, 185 Re as internal standard. RSD (n = 12) of the analysis results of five platinum group elements ( PGEs) in standard reference material GBW07196 ranged from 7. 04% to 9. 48% . Under the condition of 10 g sample, the detection limits (ng / g) for PGEs are 0. 027 for Ru, 0. 016 for Rh, 0. 11 for Pd, 0. 10 for Ir and 0. 11 for Pt. The method was applied to the determination of PGEs in GBW07194, GBW07195, GBW07196 with satisfactory results.

Objective: To explore the effects of multivitamin and mineral supplements on self-evaluation of mood and health status in healthy volunteers.Methods:149 healthy volunteers took multi-nutrient supplements or placeboes for 8 weeks, and self-evaluation of mood and health status was evaluated by Profile of Mood States and 36-item short-form health survey.Results:Self-comparing POMS scores, active group's scores of vigor were significantly increased, from 14.2? 4.6 to 15.5 ? 4.9(t=2.74,P37)were significantly improved. But the placebo group and young volunteers were not significantly improved. Conclusion: The intervention of multivitamin and mineral supplements can improve elderly healthy persons' mood and healthy status.

Objective: To approach the effects of glutamine supplementation on plasma and muscle levels of glutamine, and the activities of tissue glutamine synthetase and glutaminase after high intensity exercise. Methods: BAL/C mice were randomly divided into high intensity exercise(2% body weight load) and control groups to swim 2 hours per day for 8 weeks. Results: To compare with control group, high intensity exercise reduced glutamine levels in plasma and muscle by 74% (P

Objective To discuss the treatment and nursing effect for prevention of cystospasm in patients after prostatic surgery with irrigation of resinieratoxin (RTX) into urinary bladder. Methods Twenty patients were divided into the control group and observation group with 10 cases in each group according to the date of hospitalization.Four milliliters of RTX and 100 ml of normal saline were irrigated into the bladder 3 days before operation in the observation group.Only 104 ml normal saline was irrigated into the bladder in the control group.The frequency,intension and duration of cystospasm and clearing time of bladder flushing fluid were observed.The international prostatic symptom score (IPSS) and score of life quality were evaluated at the first,second and 4th week after removing of urinary catheter and bladder stoma. Results The outcome in the observation group and the control group were as followed: the incidence rate of cystospasm was 20% and 80%,the clearing time of bladder flushing fluid was (2.8±1.7)d and (5.2±1.0)d,the indwelling time of bladder stoma was (4.0±1.6)d and (5.8±1.1)d,the indwelling time of urinary catheter was (9.3±1.3)d and (11.8±1.1)d,the VAS score was (2.3±1.3)d and (4.6±1.1)d, the IPSS score at the first,second and 4th week were (11.1±3.3)and (16.0±3.0), (9.5±1.4) and (12.7±13.2), (8.4±1.6) and (11.3±2.7),the score of life quality at the 4th week was (1.6±0.5) and (2.8±0.9), respectively. All the above results had statistical difference between the observation group and the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Standard bladder irrigation,rigorous monitoring of patients condition and maintenance of smooth flush of bladder were the important nursing basis to ensure the exertion of best effect of RTX irrigation.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion on advanced colorectal carcinoma. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight advanced colorectal carcinoma patients in stage Ⅱ B or Ⅲ were randomly divided into 2 groups. Sixty-eight cases received preoperative arterial infusion chemotherapy( the treatment group),and chemotherapy regimen consist of Oxaliplatin(L-OHP) 130 mg/m2, Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) 20 mg/m2 and Dexifluridine (FUDR)600 mg/m2. Femoral arterial infusion chemotherapy administrated 8 ～ 14 days preoperative. Sixty cases received surgery directly(the control group). The adverse reaction and histology effect after arterial infusion chemotherapy were observed, and resection rate,complications,pathology stage,together with long term survival were compared. Results Adverse reaction were mostly grade Ⅰ -Ⅱ gastrointestinal discomfort and bone marrow depression with arterial infusion chemotherapy. Resection rate was 97. 1% (66/68) ,and 64 cases(96. 9%) underwent raclical (R0) resection in the treatment group, which were higher than those in the the control group(73. 3%(44/60) and 79. 5%,respectively) (x2 = 14. 848,8. 906, Ps ＜ 0. 05). Histology effect of the treatment group was 72. 7%, and the pathology stage downstaged compared to preopeartion. Percent of patients in stage Ⅱ in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group( P ＜ 0. 05). The median survival time of test group was 53. 0 months, 1- ,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 95.3%,85.9% and 44.6%, respectively. In the control group, the median survival time was 42.0 months, 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 92.6%, 75.9% and 22.0%,respectively. There was significant difference in 5-year survival rate(x2 = 6. 385, P ＜ 0. 05). No difference in postoperative complications between two groups(P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion The neoadjuvant chemotherapy via arterial infusion is of great significance on downstnging the pathology of advanced colorectal carcinoma, raising the excision rate, especially radical resection, and long term survival rate.

Background and purpose: The previous work of this study has showed that the treatment of liver cancer cells with emodin could induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis. Given the cross-talk between ER stress and autophagy, this study aimed to investigate whether blockage of autophagy, a defense mechanism against environmental stress, could improve the killing effect of emodin on liver cancer cells. Methods: The CYTO-ID auto-phagy detection kit and Western blot were used to determine autophagy in liver cancer cells. After combined treatment with chloroquine (CQ) and emodin, cancer cell survival was analyzed by ATPlite assay and clonogenic assay. Apoptosis was detected by both flow cytometry analysis and Western blot. Results: Autophagy could be induced in liver cancer cells after treatment with emodin. Inhibition of autophagy significantly increased growth-inhibitory effect of emodin on both HepG2 and Huh7 cancer cells. The combination treatment with CQ and emodin promoted remarkable apoptosis in liver cancer cells, evidenced by the increase in the percentage of cells in sub-G1 phase and the higher expression lever of cleaved caspase-3. Conclusion: Therapeutically targeting autophagy is capable of enhancing cytotoxicity of emodin in liver cancer cell lines.

To evaluate the clinical effects of Shengmai Injection in treating coronary heart disease (CHD) based on correct syndrome differentiation and incorrect syndrome differentiation.

AIM: To observe the effects of six common traditional Chinese herbs of activating blood, paeoniae rubra radix, salviae miltiorrhizae radix, ligustici, rhizome, notoginseng radix, pruni persicae semen and wine staemed radix et rhizome, on atherosclerotic plaque structure and stabilization in ApoE gene-deficient mice. METHODS: Four sections of the aortic root were choosen and stained with hematoxylin and masson. All sections were measured with Image-ProDR○ Plus Version 4.5.1 (IPP) software. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, plaque area corrected by cross-sectional vessel wall area reduced significantly in salviae miltirrhizae radix treatment group, lipid core area reduced in paeoniae rubra radix group, pruni persicae semen and wine steamed radix et rhizome treatment group, minimum thickness of fibrous cap became thicker significantly in salviae miltiorrhizae radix, ligustici, rhizome, pruni persicae semen and wine steamed radix et rhizome treatment group. CONCLUSION: These Chinese herbs may stabilize the atherosclerotic plaques in ApoE gene-deficient mice by interfering their structure, but their effects do not parallel with their activating blood efficacy in traditional Chinese medicine.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.016