Maoto has been reported to be effective in controlling fever caused by influenza. But Maoto's effects on respiratory complications of influenza have been unknown so far. We performed a comparative study on the respiratory complication (bronchitis, pneumonia, asthma attack) rates of pediatric cases of influenza after the administration of Maoto (n = 80), Oseltamivir or Zanamivir (n = 166). Rate of using other respiratory medication at the same time is higher in Oseltamivir/Zanamivir group (64/166 = 39%) than Maoto one (12/80 = 15%) (P < 0.01). Respiratory complication rates were equal between Maoto group (34/166 = 21%) and Oseltamivir/Zanamivir one (9/80 = 11%) (P = 0.07). In the patients who had not history of bronchial asthma, respiratory complication rate is higher in Oseltamivir/Zanamivir group (19/107 = 18%) than Maoto one (4/67 = 6%) (P = 0.045). In the patients who had history of bronchial asthma and age under10, respiratory complication rate is higher in Maoto group (4/5 = 80%) than Oseltamivir/Zanamivir one (15/57 = 26%) (P = 0.047).

Because Mongoloids have been considered to have a wider nasal valve angle than Caucasians, fewer Japanese patients experience nasal obstruction due to stenotic nasal valve. However, there have been no studies measuring the nasal valve angle of Mongoloids. Accordingly, one aim of this study is to measure the nasal valve angle in Japanese subjects and obtain its standard value. Another aim is to measure the cross-sectional area at the nasal valve area. One hundred and sixteen healthy adult Japanese volunteers showing no symptoms or histories of nasal disease participated in this study. Each subject's nose was scanned, by endoscopy, and images of the subjects' nasal valve area were recorded using a video camera. The nasal valve angle was measured in video-printed photographs. Acoustic rhinometry was performed in each case. The subject's mean nasal valve angle was 28.9+/-6.3 degree, ranging from 16 to 45. The mean cross-sectional area at the I-notch was 0.95+/-0.16 cm2 . No relationship was found between the nasal valve angle and the cross-sectional area around the valve.
Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group* ; Endoscopy ; Humans ; Nasal Obstruction ; Nose ; Nose Diseases ; Rhinometry, Acoustic ; Volunteers