Objective To observe the role of human hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cell culture supernatant on T lymphocyte of the activation, proliferation, IL-2 secretion and inducing apoptosis in vitro. To explore the mechanism of immune escape in tumor.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured with different concentration of tumor cell culture supernatant. Cell proliferation was examined with standard cytometry and MTT. The apoptotic rate and immune phenotype were analyzed by FACS. The level of IL-2 was determined with ELISA.Results Adding HepG2 supernatant, there was no significant influence in activation of lymphocyte, but the proliferation rat and the secretion of IL-2 were obviously decreased. The lymphocyte apoptosis rate was raised.Conclusion The tumor cell may produce a certain soluble protein, thus escape from the immune surveillance of tumor-bearing host.

0.05),but the proliferation rate(P

OBJECTIVE:To develop a rapid RP-HPLC quantitative determination of lamivudine(LAM) in mouse serum and tissue homogenates METHODS:0 1ml of serum of tissue homogenates and 0 5ml of methanol were vortexed in a plastic tube for 30s and the mixture was then centrifuged at 15 000r/min for 10min 20?l of the resulting supernatant was directly injected and LAM was chromatographed on a reversed-phase Kromasil C column(150mm?4 6mm,5?m) using a mixture of phosphate buffer(pH6 8)and methanol(91∶9,v/v)and monitored at 270nm RESULTS:The standard curves were linear over a range from 0 25?g/ml to 50?g/ml The minimal detectable drug concentration was 60ng/ml(S/N=3) The average extraction recovery of LAM was more than 88% The average methodological recoveries of LAM ranged from 97% to 100% The within-dayand between-day precisions were less than 10% CONCLUSION:The assay is economic,simple,rapid and specific

In this study, the relationship between mycelium morphology and laccase production was studied. The results indicated that the morphology of P. ferulae pellets was changed when glass beads were added. Laccase production showed higher with spherical mycelium than with filamentous or flocculent mycelium. In addition, the spherical mycelium with a diameter of 0.2-0.4 mm highly affected laccase production. Effect of the composition of culture medium on pellets was investigated and results indicated that various concentrations of glucose, corn meal and wheat bran were important to the formation of pellets in diameter of 0.2-0.4 mm. Besides nutrients, the addition of non-nutritional substrates influenced the distribution of P. ferulae pellets. However, the production of laccase was not promoted by non-nutritional substrates.
Culture Media ; Fermentation ; Glass ; chemistry ; Industrial Microbiology ; Laccase ; biosynthesis ; Mycelium ; cytology ; growth & development ; Pleurotus ; cytology ; enzymology

Purpose To summarize the imaging features of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) with double-filling method using multi-slice CT enterography (MSCTE), and to evaluate the clinical significance of MSCTE in diagnosis of IBD. Materials and Methods MSCTE data with double-filling method of 52 patients with IBD were retrospectively analyzed. 52 IBD patients included 42 cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and 10 cases of ulcerative colitis (UC). Bowel dilatation and lesions display were evaluated. Results Among 52 patients, ileum dilated optimal in 10 cases (19.23%) and good in 42 cases (80.77%); jejunum dilated good in 21 cases (40.38%) and poor in 31cases (59.62%). Exhaustive evaluation for large bowel diseases were good in 50 cases (96.15%). The ileocecal junction displayed well in 52 cases (100.00%). Among the 42 cases of CD, 20 cases (47.62%) had lesions limited in the small intestine, 22 cases (52.38%) had lesions involved both small intestine and colon. Among 10 cases of UC, 9 cases had lesions limited in the colon, and 1 case with the terminal ileum and the colon involved simultaneously. The MSCTE findings of 52 patients included bowel wall thickening and abnormal enhancement in 52 cases, stenosis in 28 cases, increased mesenteric vascularity in 46 cases, enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes in 27 cases, phlegmon in 10 cases, incomplete intestinal obstruction in 4 cases, abscess or inflammatory masses in 7 cases, fistulas in 3 cases, perianal lesion in 12 cases, serous cavity effusion in 15 cases, sacroiliitis in 13 cases, the urinary and biliary stones in 18 cases, and hepatosplenomegaly in 9 cases. Conclusion MSCTE with double-filling method can delineate the wall lesions of small bowels and colons very well, and can also display extraintestinal lesions and complications. It obviously improves the accuracy of localization and qualitative diagnosis on IBD.

We studied the effects of several medicinal insects on biosynthesis of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum in submerged culture. The results showed that the medicinal insect, Catharsius molossus at 5 g/L significantly promoted the biosynthesis of intracellular polysaccharides (IPS) and extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) of G. lucidum, and compared with control, IPS and EPS yields markedly enhanced from (1.93 +/- 0.09) g/L to (2.41 +/- 0.12) g/L and (520.3 +/- 20.2) mg/L to (608.9 +/- 20.2) mg/L, respectively (P < 0.05). Both IPS and EPS consisted of five kinds of components, and IPS-1 and EPS-1 were the major components of IPS and EPS, respectively. Further separation studies showed that IPS-1 was made up of three single compounds, while EPS-1 was made up of two single compounds. There were no new components in both IPS and EPS obtained from G lucidum in submerged culture by the addition of the insect, C. molossus, suggesting the biosynthetic pathways of the major components of IPS and EPS had not been changed.
Animals ; Cockroaches ; chemistry ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Fermentation ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Polysaccharides ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; Reishi ; growth & development ; metabolism

We studied the effects of Catharsius molossus (a Chinese medicinal insect) on the cell growth, fermentation kinetics of key bioactive substances and anti-cancer activity of Ganoderma lucidum in submerged fermentation. The results showed that C. molossus at all the tested concentrations had no stimulatory effect on the cell growth. However, addition of C. molossus at 5 g/L lead to significant effects on the fermentation kinetics of polysaccharides and triterpenoids of G lucidum, and at 7th day in fermentation process, the yields of polysaccharides and triterpenoids reached 2.81 g/L and 539.0 mg/L, respectively, while they were 2.25 g/L and 428.2 mg/L in control. In vivo anti-cancer studies showed that the inhibitory rates of control fermented G lucidum (CFG) and a combination of water extract from C. molossus and CFG on the developed tumor (Heps) in mice were 41.61% and 42.24%, respectively. Moreover, the inhibitory rate of the G lucidum fermented with C. molossus (GFC) reached 57.21%, which was enhanced 37.49%, compared to the inhibitory rate of the control fermented G lucidum. These results suggest that supplementation of C. molossus in submerged fermentation of G lucidum lead to a significant enhancement of the anti-cancer activity of cultured G lucidum.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; biosynthesis ; therapeutic use ; Cockroaches ; chemistry ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Female ; Fermentation ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Male ; Materia Medica ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Polysaccharides ; biosynthesis ; pharmacology ; Reishi ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Triterpenes ; metabolism ; pharmacology

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on cell apoptosis during spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion(I∕R)in rats. Methods Forty-eight adult male Wister rats, weighing 200-260 g, were divided into 4 groups(n=12 each)using a random number table: sham operation group (Sham group), I∕R group, prophylactic dexmedetomidine use group(DPro group)and dexmedetomidine postconditioning group(DPost group). The model of spinal cord I∕R was established by temporary occlu-sion of the abdominal aorta using the modified Zivin′s method. Dexmedetomidine 5 μg·kg-1·h-1was in-travenously infused at 1 h before occlusion of the abdominal aorta in group DPro. Dexmedetomidine 5 μg·kg-1·h-1was intravenously infused for 1 h starting from the time point immediately after beginning of reperfusion in group DPost. The equal volume of normal saline was given instead in Sham and I∕R groups. The motor nerve function of the hindlimb was assessed and scored at 4, 12 and 24 h of reperfusion. The rats were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion, and L2-5segments of the spinal cords were removed for microscopic examination and for determination of Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells(by immuno-histochemistry)and cell ap-optosis(by flow cytometry). The apoptosis rate was calculated. Results Compared with group Sham, motor nerve function scores were significantly decreased at 4-12 h of reperfusion, and the apoptosis rate of nerve cells and Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells were increased in group I∕R, and motor nerve function scores were significantly decreased at 4 h of reperfusion, and the apoptosis rate of nerve cells and Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells were increased in DPro and DPost groups(P<005 or 001). Motor nerve function scores were significantly higher, and the apoptosis rate of nerve cells was lower, Bcl-2 positive cells were higher, and Bcl-2 and Bax positive cells were lower in DPro and DPost groups than in group I∕R(P<005 or 001). Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine reduces spinal cord I∕R injury is related to inhibiting cell apoptosis in rats.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen (SCC), and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) levels in patients with gastric cancer. Methods A total of 68 patients with gastric cancer (gastric cancer group), 37 patients with benign gastric lesions (benign gastric lesion group), and 30 healthy subjects (non-gastric disease group) were selected as the study participants. Serum ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 levels were compared among the three groups on admission. The relationships of serum ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 levels with pathological parameters were analyzed in the gastric cancer group. Patients in the gastric cancer group were followed up for 24-month after discharge. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to analyze the predictive value of serum ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 for death during follow-up in gastric cancer patients. Results The serum levels of ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 in the gastric cancer group were higher than those in the benign gastric lesion group and the non-gastric disease group, and the serum levels of ProGRP and CA72-4 in the benign gastric lesion group were higher than those in the non-gastric disease group (P < 0.05). In the gastric cancer group, patients with TNM stage Ⅲ to Ⅳ, moderately-lowly differentiated histological grade, and lymph node metastasis had higher serum levels of ProGRP and CA72-4 than those with stage Ⅰto Ⅱ, high differentiation, and no lymph node metastasis. Patients with moderately-lowly differentiated histological grade had higher serum levels of SCC than those with high differentiated histological grade (P < 0.05). After 24 months of follow-up, 49 patients survived (survival group) and 19 patients died (death group) in the gastric cancer group. The serum levels of ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 in the death group were higher than those in the survival group on admission (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that serum ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 were independent influencing factors for the prognosis of gastric cancer patients (P < 0.05). Serum ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 had good predictive efficacy for death during follow-up in gastric cancer patients (AUC=0.766, 0.705, 0.828), and their combined predictive efficacy was better (AUC=0.899). Conclusion The serum levels of ProGRP, SCC, and CA72-4 that are related to TNM stage, histological grade, and lymph node metastasis in patients with gastric cancer are abnormally elevated, and their combined detection has good predictive efficacy for death during follow-up.