Objective To evaluate the safety, feasibility and curative effect of mini-incision ex-ploration of common bile duct. Methods In this study, 290 patients underwent min-incision explora-tion of common bile duct and 120 patients underwent open-incision exploration of common bile duct for bile duct stones and/or gallstones from 2005 to 2007. The iatrogenic bile duct injury, postoperative complication, residual stone, stone recurrence,therapeutic effect and clinical data were evaluated by randomized contrast analysis. Results Time of operation, bleeding, volume of drain pipe, time of re-covery of intestinal peristalsis and average duration in hospital were significantly lower in the group of min-incision exploration(MCE) than in the group of open-incision exploration(OCE). The iatrogentic bile duct injury occurred in 5 cases(1.72%), residual stone in 10 cases(3.45%), stone recurrence in 15 cases(5.18%) in the group of MCE, and in 2 cases(1.67%), 4 cases(3. 33%) and 6 cases respec-tively in the group of OCE. There was no marked difference between the two groups. Howevert post-operative complications occurred in 17 cases(6.8%) and 16(13.3%) in the group of MCE and OCE,respectively. There was remarkable difference between the 2 groups(P<0. 05). Conclusion Mini-in-cision exploration of common bile duct is a feasible and safe method resulting in fewer complications of iatrogentic bile duct injury, stone recurrence and residual stone.

Objective To evaluate the effect of laparoscopic operation and laparotomy on immune func -tion in divesting ovarian benign teratoma , and to provide further theoretical evidence for clinical practice .Meth-ods 60 patients with ovarian benign teratoma were selected .30 were conducted by laparoscopic operation ( lapa-roscopic group ) and 30 were conducted by laparotomy ( laparotomy group ) .Operation conditions were compared . White blood cell (WBC) and NEU counts, levels of IL-6,TNF-αand Th17 cells in the 2 groups before surgery, 3 days and 7 days after surgery were detected .Results Surgical time and intraoperative blood loss were signifi-cantly shorter and lower in laparoscopic group than in laparotomy group .Compared to those before surgery , WBC and NEU counts, levels of IL-6, TNF-αand Th17 cells in the two groups increased three days after surgery , and all of these observation targets were much higher in laparotomy group than in laparoscopic group (P＜0.05).There were downtrends of all the observation targets in two groups 7 days after surgery .However , all the observation tar-gets were still significantly higher in laparotomy group than in laparoscopic group ( P＜0.05) .Conclusion For o-varian benign teratoma , laparoscopic operation had less influence on immune function of patients compared with lap -arotomy, which is better for patients'recovery.

Objective To observe the clinical short-and long-term curative effect of the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) with tension-free vaginal tape-obturator (TVT-O) treatment,and discuss the safety of the operation and postoperative quality of life.Methods The data were collected from 130 patients with SUI who were underwent TVT-O treatment.The patients'perioperative period,follow-up of postoperative complications,and comparison of the quality of life before and after surgery were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 130 patients was successfully completed their surgeries with a mean operative time (47.01 ± 18.82)min,average blood loss (64.38 ±99.62)ml,mean catheterization (2.67 ±0.90)d,and the average length of stay (4.73 ±2.14)d.A total of 101 cases was completed the postoperative follow-up with (a) preoperative quality of life in patients with ⅡQ-7 score 6 to 21 points and an average of (15.74 ± 3.87) min,(b) symptoms of lower urinary tract UDI-6 score of 3 to 22 minutes and the average (10.51 ± 3.70) min,(c) postoperative quality of life improved significantly ⅡQ-7 score from 0 to 21 points and an average of (1.59 ±4.37)points,and (e) UDI-6 score 0 to 14 points and an average of (1.63 ± 2.66)points.A total of 73 patients (72.3％) had the postoperative urinary incontinence,which subjective symptom were completely cured,significant improvement was 11 cases (10.9％),ineffectiveness was 6 cases (5.9％),pad using was 13 patients (12.9％),vaginal mesh exposure and erosion was 2 patients(2.0％),the sexual life postoperatively was affected in 8 patients (7.9％).Conclusions TVT-O treatment of SUI is not only easy to operate but also has clinically high security,few complications,low recurrence rate,and significantly improved patients' living quantities.However,patch compli cations can not be ignored and need further discussion.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and adverse reaction of the combination of fiudarabine,cytarabine and granulocytecolony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (FLAG regime) therapy for refractory and relapsed acute leukemia in children. Methods From 2004 to date, a total of 9 patients with relapsed and refractory acute leukemia patients in our hospital accepted the treatment, in 9 cases 8 cases were AML,1cases were ALL; in 9 cases 5 cases were refractory acute leukemia, 4 cases were recurrent acute leukemia.Results Among the 9 cases,6 cases with 1 cycles of chemotherapy achieved complete remission (CR),CR rate was 66.7 ％ (6/9); partial remission (PR) rate was 22.2 ％ (2/9),total efficiency (CR+PR) was 88.9 ％.In 6 CR patients 2 underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, are disease-free survival; this regimen' s main adverse reactions were infection,bone marrow depression and gastrointestinal reaction.Conclusion The remission rate of FLAG regimen in the treatment of children with refractory and relapsed acute leukemia is relatively high, adverse reactions were tolerable; the FLAG program is a choice for the treatment of children with refractory and relapsed acute leukemia,which provides the opportunity for subsequent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

BACKGROUND:Many studies reported the relationship of the mechanical properties and water content about bone tissue, which is one of organizations containing the lowest water content on human body. Researches on effect of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue have been rarely reported and are the experimental study generally. OBJECTIVE:To explore the influence and the damage mechanism of water on biological tribology behavior of bone tissue, by comparing multiscale numerical model established with the experiment. METHODS:Dehydration of the bone tissue was studied by nanoindentation test and both reciprocating sliding and impact wear tests. A multi-scale finite element model was constructed under a flat-on-ball configuration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The viscoelasticity and the tribological properties of bone tissue significantly decreased as well as the different wear mechanisms under applied loading after drying. The analytical results indicated that there were high stress condition, which incurred the micro-crack initiation and the appearance of peeling and wear, around the Haversian canal, circumferential lamellas and the interstitial tissues. Meso-scale:dehydration weakened the function of absorption and interruption of stress, which facilitated crack extension in pore. Micro-scale:the high stress gradient of structure of canaliculi and lacunae is an important cause of tissue damage.

Effect of interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) antibody on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement-mediated expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) in synovial fibroblasts was investigated. Synovial tissue obtained from total knee arthroplasty was digested and cultured. Inverted microscope was employed to observe the synovial cells and immunocytochemistry (SABC method) staining was used to identify synovial fibroblasts. This experiment was divided into three groups according to different culture media: PMMA group (75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), IL-6R antibody group (10 ng/mL IL-6R antibody+75 μg/mL PMMA bone cement particles), and control group (no IL-6R antibody or PMMA bone cement particles). Influence of IL-6R antibody and PMMA on proliferation of synovial fibroblasts was measured by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). ELISA method was used to measure OPG and RANKL levels in culture solution. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR (FQ-PCR) was used to detect the expression of OPG and RANKL mRNA. After three consecutive passages, more than 95% of the primary synovial cells became long spindle fibroblast-like cells. SABC staining results showed that the fibroblast-like cells were negative for anti-CD68 antibody and positive for anti-vimentin antibody, with brown madder stained. CCK-8 test demonstrated that the absorbance (A) value at 450 nm was significantly lower in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01), but there was no statistically significant difference in A value at 450 nm between the control group and PMMA group (P>0.05). Results of ELISA indicated that the expression of OPG was significantly higher in IL-6R antibody group than in PMMA group and control group (P<0.01). The expression of RANKL was inhibited (P<0.05), and the ratio of OPG/RANKL was significantly increased in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. There was no significant difference in the expression of OPG between control group and PMMA group (P>0.05), but the expression of RANKL was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), and there was a significant difference in the ratio of OPG/RANKL between them (P<0.05). Results of FQ-PCR revealed the expression of RANKL mRNA was significantly inhibited (P<0.01) and the expression of OPG mRNA was significantly increased (P<0.01) in IL-6R antibody group as compared with PMMA group and control group. The expression of RANKL mRNA was higher in PMMA group than in control group (P<0.05), but the expression of OPG mRNA had no significant difference between them (P>0.05). IL-6R antibody could significantly increase the expression of OPG, but inhibit the expression of RANKL, which might provide a theoretical basis of molecular biology for the prevention and treatment of aseptic loosening of prosthesis.

BACKGROUND: Proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is associated with platelet concentration in platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Low enrich multiple cannot reach proper effects, but high level had inhibitory effects on osteoanagenesis.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of different volume fraction of PRP on dog BMSC proliferation.DESIGN: A cytological in vitro study.MATERIALS: Healthy 12-month male Beagle dogs were supplied by the Experimental Animal Center, Xiangya Medical College,Central South University.METHODS: Dog BMSCs of 5 passage were adjusted to 3×10~8/L, and incubated in a 96-well plate at 200 μL per well. Following 24 hours of routine culture, primary medium and non-adherent cells were discarded. Prepared PRP gel was mixed with serum-free low-glucose DMEM containing penicillin and streptomycin, and then diluted into 5%, 6.25%, 7.5%, 8.75%, 10% volume fraction. 200 μL above-described liquid was added into the 96-well plate, which was subsequently placed in a incubator.We set up a blank control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: MTT was used to investigate effect of different volume fraction of PRP on dog BMSC proliferation.RESULTS: Compared with the blank control group, various volume fraction of PLP could promote dog BMSC proliferation in early stage. With prolonged time, proliferation speed began to increase at day 6 in the 8.75% and 10% PRP groups, entering platform stage. BMSC number was increased rapidly in the 5% and 6.25% PRP groups, especially in the 6.25% PRP group.CONCLUSION: PRP gel could promote BMSC proliferation markedly and proliferation strength of BMSCs was correlated to the density of PRP. BMSC proliferation would be accelerated by the low density of PRP.

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains abundant growth factors that were needed for osteanagenesis. Moreover,the proportion of each growth factor formed by an organism, with good synergism.OBJECTIVE: To explore the influence of PRP on osteogenetic activity of canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) after induction in vitro.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The in vitro cytological experiment was performed at the Central Laboratory of Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from June 2007 to February 2008.MATERIALS: Healthy 12-month male Beagle dogs were supplied by the Experimental Animal Center, Xiangya Medical College,Central South University.METHODS: The 3~(rd) generation BMSCs were collected and divided into 4 groups. BMSCs in the control group were incubated in standard medium. BMSCs in the osteogenetic induction medium group were incubated in high-glucose DMEM containing fetal calf serum, dexamethasone, beta-sodium glycerophosphate and vitamin C. BMSCs in the PRP group were incubated in low-glucose DMEM containing 6.25% PRP. BMSCs in the combination group were incubated in high-glucose DMEM containing 6.25% PRP, dexamethasone, beta-sodium glycerophosphate, and vitamin C.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Alkaline phosphatase activities were measured. Expression of collagen type I was examined by immunocytochemical staining. Calcium tuberoses were labeled using modified Von Kossa staining. Expression of osteocalcin mRNA was examined by RT-PCR.RESULTS: Levels of alkaline phosphates of all groups became increased along with time. The alkaline phosphates level of combination group was strongest (P < 0.05). Following 7 and 14 days of induction, type I collagen expressed positively in the osteogenetic induction medium and combination groups, but negatively in the PRP and control groups. Following 14 days,formation of calcium nodules were found in the osteogenetic induction medium and combination groups. Following 7 and 14 days,expression of osteocalcin mRNA were similar between the control and PRP groups (P > 0.05), which was significantly lower than the osteogenetic induction medium and combination groups (P < 0.05). Expression of osteocalcin mRNA was significantly lower in the osteogenetic induction medium group compared with the combination group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: PRP gel can effectively promote osteoblastic effect of BMSCs after induction in vitro following induction in osteogenetic medium.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effects of nanometer silver dressing and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel on burn residual wounds.METHODS: Forty burn patients with residual wounds because of deep second degree burn and full-thickness burn, were randomly divided into control group and management group. There were 20 patients in both groups. The patients of management group were treated by nanometer silver dressing and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel. The patients of control group were treated by saline and paraffin absorbent gauze. Healing time, wound healing rates at different time points,cases of infected wound and results of bacterial culture before and 7 days following treatment, and drug adverse reaction were recorded.RESULTS: The healing time of management group was significantly shorter than the control group (P < 0.01). The wound healing rates of management group was significantly higher than the control group at different time points (P< 0.01). The cases of infected wound was significantly fewer than the control group after treating (P < 0.01). The pathogenic bacteria detection rate was significantly lower than the control group after 7 days (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: There was better antibacterial activity, decurtating the healing time when the management of nanometer silver dressing and recombinant bovine basic fibroblast growth factor gel on burn residual wounds were put into practice.

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) plays a key role in osteoarthritis, but its exact pathogenesis remains incompletely understood yet. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expression of SREBP-2 in the process of interleukin-1β-induced articular chondrocyte degenerationin vitro. METHODS: Articular chondrocytes obtained from C57BL/6J mice were culturedin vitro. After the second passage, cels were randomly divided into four groups: control group, and three experimental groups treated with 10 μg/L interleukin-1β for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cels became hypertrophic after being stimulated by interleukin-1β, and the staining of colagen X was positive at 72 hours. MTT assay demonstrated that the cel activity after stimulation with interleukin-1β decreased with time. Results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of SREBP-2 and SREBP cleavage activating protein mRNA was significantly increased after stimulation with interleukin-1βas compared with the control group and increased with time. On the contrary, the expression of aggrecan and colagen II mRNA was decreased with time. It is revealed that interleukin-1β could inhibit the proliferation of regular chondrocytes and the expression of its extracelular matrix, and furthermore, induce chondrocyte hypertrophy. The expression of SREBP-2 showed a negative relationship with key cartilage genes during this interleukin-1β-induced degeneration.