Objective To investigate the effect of high-voltage electrostatic therapy on chronic migraine. Methods 86 cases who met inclusioncriteria were randomly divided into two groups: high-voltage group (n=43) was treated with high-voltage therapeutic device for 20d. Control group (n=43) was blank control. The recovered cases were followed up for 4 weeks after cessation of treatment. They were assessedwith McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ), and their results of laboratory tests were recorded before and after treatment. The data set analyzedincluded Intention-To-Treat, and per protocol. Results The differences between 2 groups were statistically significant in Pain RatingIndex, Visual Analog Score and Present Pain Intensity after treatment (P<0.05). 6 patients in the treatment group and 1 patient in the controlgroup recovered. During the 4-week follow-up, 1 case recured in each group, the intensity of pain was not statistically significant. There wasno difference in the laboratory indice of blood, urine, stool routine, liver and kidney function (ALT, BUN, Cr) and ECG in both groups beforeand after treatment. Conclusion The high-voltage electrostatic therapy is effective and safe on chronic migraine.

Ophthalmology belongs to microsurgical subject and anatomy is intricate. In clinical practice, students are required to skillfully use eye examination equipment. The foreign students from Medical School of Vienna University are eager to learn and know theoretical knowledge very well. Department of ophthalmology has developed specific and individualized teaching plans according to the characteristics and needs of foreign students. Through the configuration of high quality teachers, the practice teaching is ensured. Chinese and foreign students are encouraged to share their knowledge and form a study group. Opportunities for hands-on practice of ophthalmology are increased by using Wetlab condition. Problem-based heuristic teaching is used to stimulate students' learning initiative. Through these teaching measures, the students' quality of clinical practice has been enhanced, the teaching level of clinical ophthalmology has been improved and sustainable development has also been achieved.

Objective To evaluate the change of cellular immunity and its clinical significance in JRA.Methods 7 lymphocyte swbpopulation was analyzed by immunofluorescein and interleukin 2 (IL-2) produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro by MTT colorimetric assay. 29 times of various stage with JRA were examined, including 14 clinically active patients, 8 posttreatment or 7 clinically inactive ones. There are 19 healthy children of similar age in control group.Results In active patients, the number of OKT8, OKT4, the ratio of OKT4/OKT8 and the level of IL-2 decreased significantly compared with normal controls. These changes recovered matkedly in remission patients though they did alter affective treatment for (2～4) weeks.Conclusion Patients with active JRA are characterised by aberration of cellular immunity and the aberration reverses obviously slow in comparision with the clinical manifestetions and the routine laboratory investigation.

The following were investigated, including the number of staff in Luzhou public hospital libraries, the administrative departments of Luzhou public hospitals, the education level and specialized subjects of administrative staff, the soft and hard ware and resource development in Luzhou public hospital libraries, followed by an analysis of the status quo in Luzhou public hospital libraries with suggestions put forward for their development .

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of dual-energy dual-source CT in detecting the enhancement ofhepatocellularcancer( HCC )aftertransarterialchemoembolization( TACE )treatment.Methods Twenty-seven patients with HCC underwent dual-energy dual-source CT including nonenhanced,arterial,portal,and delayed phases scanning after TACE treatment.Arterial phases were acquired with the dual-energy mode for reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced images and color overlay images.DSAs were performed in all these patients.Two blinded and independent readers evaluated the data in 2 reading sessions:standard nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images were read in session A,and virtual nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images in session B.Sensitivity and specificity were calculated,with the DSA data set as the reference standard.The sensitivity and specificity were compared with Chi-square test.Results DSA revealed 63 lesions in 27 patients,and 39 of them had blood supply.Overall sensitivity and specificity were 74.4％ (29/39) and 83.3％ (20/24) for session A,and 94.9％ (37/39),95.8％ (23/24) for session B,respectively.The sensitivity of the two reading sessions was significantly different (x2 =6.303,P ＜ 0.05 ),while the specificity was insignificantly different ( x2 =2.009,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Compared with standard dynamic protocols,an arterial dual-energy dual-source CT scan with reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced and color overlay images enables detection of relapse and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC after TACE treatment with higher accuracy.

In this study ,a wild type Salmonella typhimurium (S .typhimurium) strain was isolated and identified in Hong Kong (S129) ,then the asdA gene was knocked out and replaced with kanamycin resistant gene in a Salmonella typhi-murium strain S129 using the λ RED-mediated recombination method .The constructed mutant asdAΔS129 was validated by culturing in the presence or absence of 2 ,6-diaminopimelic acid (DAP) growth in vitro and evaluating its virulence in BALB/c mice challenge assay .Therefore ,this study has demonstrated that an asdA mutant Salmonella typhimurium has been success-fully constructed .

Objective To manufacture magnetic microbubbles with dual-response to ultrasound and magnetic fields.Methods Microbubbles of ultrasound contrast agent (ST68) based on a surfactant were prepared by the acoustic cavitation method.Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles with negative charge were synthesized using the polyol procedure.Magnetic microbubbles were generated by depositing polyethylenimine and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles alternately onto the microbubbles using the layer-by-layer self-assembly.In vitro ultrasonography was performed on a silicone tube with/without magnetic microbubbles (3 × 108/ml) by a self-made device to observe the movement of magnetic microbubbles under the effects of magnetic field.In vivo imaging was performed on the kidney of New Zealand rabbits before and after the injection of magnetic microbubbles.Results The Fe3O4 nanoparticles carried a stable negative charge of (-24.6 ± 6.7) mV and more than 98％ of the particles were less than 8 μm in diameter,meeting the size requirement of an ultrasound contrast agent for intravenous administration.There was no echoic signal in the silicone tube before injection of magnetic microbubbles,but there were strong echoic signals after injection.After applying a magnetic field,the magnetic microbubbles moved along the direction of the magnetic flux.In vivo ultrasound imaging could not visualize the kidney before injection of magnetic microbubbles,but could remarkably visualize the kidney after injection.Conclusions The magnetic microbubbles exhibit favorable magnetic targeting and ultrasound contrast enhancement characteristics.Such properties may serve as the foundation to study their potential for simultaneous diagnosis and treatment in the future.

Objective To fabricate an ultrasound/fluorescence bi-modal contrast agent by encapsulating fluorescent quantum dots into polymeric ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles.Methods Polylactic acid (PLA,500 mg),(1R)-(+)-camphor (50 mg) and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (0.5 ml,2.3 μmol/L)were dissolved or dispersed in dichloromethane (10 ml) to form in an organic phase.Ammonium carbonate solution and poly (vinyl alcohol) solution were employed as the internal and external water phase,respectively.The fluorescent microbubbles were generated using double emulsion solvent evaporation and lyophilization methods.The morphology and illumination were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence spectrophotometry.Synchronized contrast-enhanced ultrasound and fluorescence imaging was acquired by injecting fluorescent microbubbles into the silicone tube coupled to a self-made ultrasound/fluorescence imaging device.Ultrasound/fluorescence bi-modal in vivo imaging was acquired on the kidney of New Zealand rabbits and suckling mice.Results The fluorescent microbubbles were hollow spheres with an averaged diameter of (1.62 ± 1.47) μm.More than 99％ of these microbubbles were less than 8 μm in diameter,which meeted the size criteria for ultrasound contrast agents.The fluorescence emission peak of the microbubbles appeared at 632 nm,indicating that good luminescence properties of quantum dots were maintained.In vitro ultrasound/fluorescence imaging showed no echoic signal when the silicone tube was filled with saline,but there was a strong echo when filled with fluorescent microbubbles.The liquid column with fluorescent microbubbles emitted red luminescence under ultraviolet irradiation.The kidney of the rabbit was remarkably enhanced after the administration of fluorescent microbubbles.Bright fluorescence could be observed at the injection site of the suckling mice via subcutaneous injection.Conclusions A bi-modal but single contrast agent based on polymeric microbubbles has been successfully fabricated for the use of ultrasound and fluorescence imaging.It retains the good characteristics of both echogenicity and fluorescence,which complement each other in case of limitations imposed by uni-modal,single agents.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the therapeutic value of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with stages Ⅱ and ⅢA(Only T3N1M0) breast cancer,and assess the relationship of the tumor size and pathologically complete response.MethodA total of 408 breast cancers patients at stages Ⅱ and ⅢA,were studied,which were divided into neoadjuvant chemotherapy group (group A) and control group (group B).All patients of group A received 2-4 cycles NAC with TE scheme in breast cancer.The impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on surgical methods choice,local control rate,5-year overall survival rate and 5-year disease free survival rate were analyzed.ResultsFor patients of stage Ⅱ,the rate of breast conservation significantly increased from 23.6％ to 49.1％ (P =0.000) and there was no significant difference between groups A and B ( P =0.939,0.858 ) in 5-year overall survival rate and disease free survival rate.For patients of stage ⅢA,the 5-year overall survival rate (59.8％ ) and disease free survival rate (51.8％) in group A were greatly higher than that in group B (35.7％ and 27.6％ ) (P =0.000,0.000).The 3-year local relapse and metastasis rate(7.9％ ) was lower than group B (18.4％)(P ＜ 0.05 ).The tumor less than 3.0 cm is easy to achieve pathological complete remission (P =0.001 ).ConclusionsThe neoadjuvant chemotherapy can improve potential rate of breast conservation,reduce the rate of local-regional recurrence rate for the patients with stage Ⅱ and ⅢA breast cancer,and also improve the 5-year survival rate for the patients of stage ⅢA.Patients with clinically complete response or PCR may have higher 5- year overall survival rate and disease free survival rate.Primary tumor size was found to be the significant predictive factor for pathologically complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer,particularly,the small tumor is easy to reach pathologically complete response.

Objective To find out the risk factors of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome(LCOS) of patients undergoing cardiac valvular surgery in ICU in order to provide basic for prevention and control measures.Methods Ninety-six valve replacement patients with valvular heart disease were enrolled as our subjects and they were hospitalized in ICU of the First People's hospital of Yichang from Jan.2008 to May.2013.The patients postoperative LCOS (Dopamine ＞ 10 μg/(kg · min)) were served as observation group (n =41),and the other were control groups(n =55).All data of the patients were recorded.Non-conditions Logistic regressions analysis were adopted to analyze the independent risk factors which resulted in LCOS undergoing cardiac valvular surgery.Results Of 96 patients undergoing cardiac vavular surgery,41cases (42.7％) had postoperative LCOS.Single factor analysis showed that hepatomegaly (P =0.007),course of diseases ≥ 15 years (P =0.042),cardiopulmonary bypass ≥ 120 min (x2 =3.937,P =0.047),pre-operative cardiac function ≥ Ⅲ degree (P =0.003) were the independent risk factors of postoperative LCOS undergoing cardiac valvular surgery.The Logistic multi factor regression analysis showed that the independent risk factors of postoperative LCOS undergoing cardiac valvular surgery included course of diseases ≥ 15 years (OR =2.825,95％ CI =(1.015-7.861)),Pre-operative cardiac function ≥ Ⅲ degree (OR =7.306,95％ CI =(2.050-26.035),P=0.002).Conclusion Course of diseases ≥15 years and Pre-operative cardiac function≥ Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree are the independent risk factors of LCOS undergoing cardiac valvular surgery.