With high morbidity and mortality,nosocomial bacterial meningitis(NBM)is a kind of serious nosocomial infection.Post-neurosurgical patients are at a high risk of this infection andNBM in-creases hospital stay and medical expense obviously.In this article,we reviewed recent studiesonpathogen-esis,treatment,and research progress of NBM in neurosurgical patients,and presented unresolved ques-tions and research direction in the future.

BACKGROUND:Myocardial apoptosis can lead to many kinds of heart diseases, but most of the conventional treatments cannot get desired effects. The emergence of cardiac stem cel related theory that subverts the previous view of myocardial cel s provides a new idea for the treatment of a variety of heart diseases.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective mechanism of cardiac stem cel s in myocardial apoptosis.
METHODS:Cardiac stem cel s were isolated from five neonatal rats. Another 20 Wistar rats were selected to make myocardial infarction models, and then model rats were equivalently randomized into observation and control groups. One day after modeling, rats in each group were given injection of cardiac stem cel s or culture solution. Fourteen days after injection, myocardial apoptosis index was calculated and expression of apoptosis-related proteins was detected in both groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After continuous 3 days of culture, a completely spread growth in the cardiac tissues was visible, and a smal amount of cel s similar to fibrocytes climbed out from the cardiac tissue sample. These cel s isolated using magnetic bead method were sub-cultured for 5 days, and found to be regrouped again. Compared with the control group, the apoptotic index, Fas and Fasl expression were significantly lower (P<0.05), and Bcl-2 expression was significantly higher in the observation group (P<0.05). Al these findings show that cardiac stem cel transplantation can effectively regulate the expression of apoptosis-related proteins and inhibit the apoptosis of myocardial cel s in rats with myocardial infarction.

OBJECTIVE To understand the clinical effect of microeclogical modulator Bifid Triple Viable(BTV) in preventing neonatal antibiotic associated diarrhea(AAD).METHODS A prospective controlled study was undertaken on the antibiotic treated group and control group from Jan,2004 to Dec 2007.RESULTS Among the 996 neonatal patients in treated group,71 patients occurred AAD,with the morbidity of 7.13%.Among the 1012 neonatal patients in control group,235 patients occurred AAD(morbidity 23.22%).There was significant difference between the two groups(P

Percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) has been a mainstay in the management of coronary artery disease since its introduction in the late 1970s.Bare-metal stents and,more recently,first-generation drug-eluting stents(DES),such as sirolimus-eluting(Cypher) and paclitaxel-eluting stents(Taxus),have further improved results of percutaneous coronary intervention by improving early results and reducing the risk of restenosis.There are currently debates on the safety of these first-generation DES,given the potential for late stent thrombosis which is a first-generation drug-eluting stent of the largest security issue,especially after discontinuation of dual antiplatelet therapy.Next-generation DES such as everolimus-eluting stents(Xience V) holds the promise of superior anti-restenosis efficacy as well as long-term safety.This review makes a presentation of the evidence-based clinical research according to everolimus-eluting stents(Xience Ⅴ).

Objective:To study the protective effect of electro-acupuncture on glutamate(GLU),glycine(GLY),aspartate(ASP)and NF-?B expression in rat with cerebral ischemia reperfusion.Methods:The middle artery occlusion(MCAO)model was established and high pressure liquid chromatography(HPLC)fluorescence assay was used to detect contents of glutamate(GLU),glycine(GLY)and aspartate(ASP)in rat brain.The effect of electro-acupuncture on the nervous dysfunction score,the water content of cerebral constitution and the expression of NF-?B were observed.The group with non-acupoint group was as control.Results:The nervous dysfunction score,the water content of cerebral constitution,NF-?B,GLUand ASP in model group were higher than those of the sham-operated group.GLY levels had no obvious changes,there was no significant diference between the model group and the non-acupoint group.The nervous dysfunction score,the water content of cerebral constitution,the expression of NF-?B,GLU and ASP in electro-acupuncture group were lighter than that of the model group,GLY levels had no obvious changes.Conclusion:Electro-acupuncture could protect brain cell from damage after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury by inhibiting the cerebral expression of NF-?B and excitatory amino acid.

Air Pollution, Indoor ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Glycine ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Humans ; Workplace

Objective To investigate characteristics and ultrasonic imaging of the nano-scale ultrasound-enhanced contrast in vivo. Methods Nano-scale microbubbles were prepared by machine vibration and low speed centrifugation. The surface morphology and average size distribution of microbuble were measured. The contrast-enhanced effect of the hahn-scale microbubbles in the normal rabbit liver was observed,and compared with micro-scale microbubbles. Results The nano-scale microbubbles had a good shape and uniform distribution by light microscope and transmission electron microscope, with average diameter of 623.4 nm and surface electric potential of 1.3 inV. The contrast imaging study in vivo showed the nano-scale microbubbles could significantly enhance ultrasonic imaging of rabbit livers, which had no obvious difference with micro-scale microbubbles. Conclusions The nano-scale ultrasound contrast agent is stable and effective for the enhancement of ultrasound imaging, which is based on development of miniaturizing targeting ultrasound contrast agent.

Objective To explore the effect of video-based teaching of Lamaze method on delivery among primiparae.Methods One hundred and twenty pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention group and the control group with 60 in each.The intervention group received additional train-ing by using the video-based teaching of Lamaze method besides routine antepartum education,while the control group received only routine antepartum education.The cesarean section rate,labor course and neonatal asphyxia were compared between the two groups.Results The rate of natural delivery in the in-tervention group was significantly lower,and the rate of cesarean section caused by social factors decreased,which were all better than those in the control group.Neonatal asphyxia showed no difference between the two groups. Conclusions The video-based teaching of Lamaze method can promote natural delivery,shorten Labor course and worthy of wide application in pregnancy school.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and compare it with contrast-enhanced CT(CECT). Methods Eighty-one focal liver lesions were evaluated with CEUS and CECT, diagnostic value of two modalities were calculated, vaseularity manifestations of two modalities in arterial phase were compared. Results The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of CEUS were 96.6 %, 86.9 %, 94.9 %, 90.9 %, 93. 80%, respectively, and the diagnostic value of CECT were 98.3%, 82. 6%, 93.4%, 95.0%, 93.8%, respectively. Among all the metastasis, hypervascular manifestation lesions in arterial phase of CEUS and CECT were 72% (18/25) and 32% (8/25)( P <0.05). Conclusions The diagnostic value of CEUS and CECT in focal liver lesions are comparably satisfying,and there is no significant difference between them, the combination use of two modalities would improve the diagnosis performance. CEUS can show more hypervaseular metastasis than CECT in arterial phase.

Objective To discuss the quality of life in the postoperative patients with aortic valve replacement (AVR) and related influencing factors .Methods The changes of preoperative and postoperative survival quality in 102 cases of AVR surgery were assessed by using the SF‐36 scale ,and the Logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of age ,effective valve orifice area and prosthetic valve on the quality of life .Results Five patients died during follow‐up .The relative baseline survey after postopera‐tive 1 year showed that the quality of life of patients was significantly improved ,the Logistic regression analysis revealed that a lar‐ger effective orifice area(EOA) and biological valve replacement could have higher health scale scores ,and showed a positive corre‐lation .Conclusion The quality of life in the postoperative patients with AVR is affected by the valve type and EOA of prosthetic valve .